Biomedical subjects
P Trowbridge
Publications and source records attributed to P Trowbridge.
Oral contraceptive use and histopathology of cancerous breasts in young women. Members of the U.K. National Case-Control Study Group.
A retrospective histopathological study of 300 women under 36 years of age was carried out to determine whether breast cancers occurring in oral contraceptive users showed any differences in pathological features compared with non-users. The patients belong to an age group in which an increased risk of cancer development has been reported following oral contraceptive usage. The incidence of non-neoplastic conditions in the residual breast was also studied in the two groups. There was little difference between breast cancers arising in pill users and non-users but in the residual non-neoplastic breast a decreased incidence of cysts and blunt duct adenosis was found in current users of the contraceptive pill. In contrast, lactational foci were found only in the breasts of pill users. The incidence of intraductal hyperplasia was not significantly different in the two groups.
Stress and cancer surveys: attitudes of participants in a case-control study.
STUDY OBJECTIVE: The aim was to ascertain whether personal interviews carried out for cancer case-control studies cause stress to participants. DESIGN: Retrospective postal questionnaires were sent to women at least three months after interview for a case-control study of the aetiology of cervical cancer. The questionnaire covered attitudes to taking part in the study, stress engendered by participation, whether any particular questions were distressing, factors relevant to the decision to participate, and the role of their doctor with respect to participation. SETTING: South East and South West Thames health regions, United Kingdom. PATIENTS: Patients were women aged 20-45 years at diagnosis with invasive cervical cancer, and population based controls. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The response rate was 90%. Nearly all respondents were glad they had participated, while only 2/226 regretted taking part. Half the respondents (115/226) perceived some actual benefit from taking part. The interview carried out in the case-control study was both long and detailed and included topics such as numbers of sexual partners and history of sexually transmitted diseases. As expected, the questions causing most concern to interviewees were those on number of sexual partners, but only 13% of participants were bothered by these questions and only 4% felt inclined to terminate the interview early. CONCLUSIONS: The lack of evidence of stress caused by this potentially difficult interview suggests that, in the hands of experienced interviewers, stress is unlikely to be caused by participation. Many participants felt that they had benefited from taking part. Doctors and ethics committees should find these results reassuring.
Benign villous adenomas of the ampulla of Vater.
One of the most unusual sites of isolated villous adenomas is the ampulla of Vater. Six patients with this neoplasm have recently been identified. The mean age was 68 years, and four were female. Four of the six were evaluated on several occasions before definitive diagnosis. Preoperative endoscopy correctly identified the lesions in two of three patients. Five patients underwent local resection and one a radical pancreaticoduodenectomy. Six benign neoplasms of the ampulla were found. In discussing this entity, of which there have been 38 reported cases in the literature, the role of local excision that can be combined with more complex procedures such as sphincteroplasty and duct implantation should be emphasized.
Acute massive ischemic bowel injury: another application for home total parenteral nutrition and a reappraisal.
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Thromboembolic disease.
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