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Biomedical subjects

P V Makarov

Publications and source records attributed to P V Makarov.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[New modification of autoconjunctival plastic surgery in urgent corneal surgery].

A new modification of plastic repair of deep defects of the cornea was performed: autoconjunctival plasty of the cornea with a flap on a pedicle with its rigid fixation in the corneal bed. The operation was carried out in 30 patients with infectious, trophic, and autoimmune involvement of the cornea, 24 of these with perforation of the cornea. The patients were observed for 1 year after the operation. The conjunctival-corneal complex formed in 24 cases, dislocation of the flap without its necrosis occurred in 2 cases, and necrosis of the flap in 4 cases. This modification of conjunctival plasty of the cornea can serve as the operation of choice in urgent ophthalmic surgery in cases when transplantation material is unavailable.

Conjunctiva↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Surgical strategy of treatment of severe and extremely severe eye burns. I].

A total of 112 patients with severe and extremely severe burns of the eyes were treated. The author proves that one of the main causes of unsatisfactory results is the absence of clearly defined criteria for the choice of surgical strategy during the early period. Based on the classification of interventions, the author suggests an algorithm of early surgical treatment of eye burns.

Corneal Transplantation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Surgical strategy in the treatment of severe and extremely severe eye burns. 2].

The author presents the results of using his own surgical strategy in multiple-modality treatment of 76 patients with severe and extremely severe burns of the eyes. He proves that active surgical strategy during the early period of burn process notably decreased the incidence of complications, preserved the eyeball for further reconstructive operations, and thus improved the functional outcomes of severe burns of the eyes.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Keratoplasty in the surgical treatment of eye burns and their complications].

The report contains the analysis results of 53 keratoplasty procedures in the treatment of patients with severe and extra severe burns of eyes (185 cases within 6 years). On the basis of the obtained results, the authors conclude that the active surgical approach, when used soon after trauma (necrectomy, autotenoplasty, bloody blepharorrhaphy), cut significantly the rate of indications for emergency keratoplasty (to 9% only in cases involving the presence of a deep defect caused by the thermal affection or the presence of burn-agent particles in the corneal stroma); an extra severe burn is the absolute indication for lamellar keratoplasty; indications for transplantation of the cornea, 1 week after trauma and more, arise, when there is ulceration (especially, perforation), due to a prolonged and ineffective therapy and due to an inadequate surgical tactics. The authors suggest the criteria for a substantiated and more effective use of transplantation of the cornea in the treatment of eye burns.

Corneal Transplantation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[An efficiency study of transplantation of allogenic fibroblasts cultivated in collagen gel for the treatment of corneal burn defects in experiment].

The paper contains the results of using a mew method applicable to regulation of corneal regeneration, i.e. transplantation of allogenic fibroblasts cultivated in collagen gel within an experimental model of acute alkali corneal burns in rabbits. Two experimental stages, involving 120 animals, were undertaken. The above method was used, at stage 1, on day 2 after trauma and, at stage 2, it was applied in two weeks after ocular burns with profound corneal defects were inflicted. The clinical, morphological and immune-histochemical examinations were used to show a high efficiency of the method in healing the corneal burn wounds; the mechanism of the therapeutic action of the transplant components exerted on regeneration of the affected cornea was investigated; finally, good outlooks for using the discussed method in clinical practice were proven.

Alkalies↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Repair of corneal defects using tissue engineering].

We propose to treat deep corneal burns by grafting a living stromal equivalent, since keratocyte death and stromal destruction are the main factors of ulceration and destruction of the eye. A technique was developed for isolation and grafting a living stromal equivalent. Twenty one patients with deep corneal defects were treated. A stable therapeutic effect was observed in 95% of cases. The advantage of the developed method is partial recovery of affected corneal transparency.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Examination of the local antioxidative system of the eye in experimental corneal burn injury and the prospects for pharmacological correction of its parameters].

The present paper deals with the study of the efficiency of oral use of the antioxidative drug Immugen (a complex of alpha-tocopherol, oubichinone, selenium aspartate, methionine, and soyabean phospholipids) on a rabbit model of severe alkaline-induced corneal burn. The investigations have indicated that addition of Immugen to the rabbit feed exerts a significant positive effect on the parameters of the local antioxidative system of the eye and causes an increase in the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase, and, on day 14, in antioxidative activity. The early experimental periods were marked by a slight rise in the frequency of deep corneal ulcerations. Moreover, the long-term clinical effect of use of Immugen appears as a significant increase in the area of the transparency-preserving affected cornea. The findings suggest that the antioxidants can show their optimal effect in the complex therapy for burn processes, including the use of proteinase inhibitors.

Alkalies↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Immunomorphological study of time course of repair of corneal deep burn defects after stromal equivalent transplantation].

Early defects due to the afflux of monocytic phagocytes into the inflammatory focus, rapid resorption of detritis and normalisation of correlation between contents of matrix proteinases and their inhibitors, stimulation of stromal cornea keratinocytes migration and their proliferation characterize repair of postburn defects in transplantation of the stromal equivalent. Repair against the background of stromal equivalent transplantation is of a histotypical character: collagen gel organizes and serves the basis for migration of the cornea fibroblasts and temporary matrix for growing new epithelium, while restored basal membrane is a derivative of cornea epithelium.

Absorbable Implants↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Deep layer posterior keratoplasty: preliminary data].

The paper presents preliminary results of deep layer keratoplasty first performed in Russian ophthalmology. It describes its surgical techniques. Deep layer posterior keratoplasty was made in 3 patients with epithelial-and-endothelial dystrophy of the cornea. The operation was simultaneously made with ultrasound cataract phacoemulsification and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation artificial in one case. In the early postoperative period, the fixed position of a transparent keratograft was achieved and the epithelial layer also recovered without signs of bullous keratopathy. The immediate results of posterior keratoplasty inspire optimism. Deep layer keratoplasty is technically more difficult than penetrating keratoplasty, more painstaking and more prolonged. At the same time it has no shortcomings typical of penetrating keratoplasty. The procedure of deep layer keratoplasty requires further long-term study, simplification of surgical techniques, detection of possible complications, and modes of their correction.

Corneal Dystrophies, Hereditary↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Clinical and immunological criteria of the activity of inflammatory reaction and autolymphokine therapy in penetrating wounds of the eye].

Clinical and immunological criteria of an unfavorable course of posttraumatic process were defined and the efficacy of autolymphokine therapy in the postoperative treatment of patients with penetrating wounds to the eye assessed. A total of 119 patients were examined. Autolymphokine therapy supplemented the traditional postoperative treatment in 38 of them. An unfavorable course of the posttraumatic period was associated with high levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1-beta in the blood serum and lacrimal fluid, with accumulation and long persistence of high titers of antibodies to lens antigens and retinal S-antigen in the lacrimal fluid, with intensive cellular immune response to these antigens in the leukocyte migration inhibition test, and with a deficit of tissue-specific anticorneal antibodies in the lacrimal fluid during the first 3-4 weeks after the injury. In the event of a favorable outcome the cytokines were detected in the minimal amounts, and antibody titers were moderate. Autolymphokine therapy 2 to 3 times decreased the concentration of cytokines in the lacrimal fluid, maintained the moderate level of autoantibodies in the lacrimal fluid, decreased the incidence of the leukocyte migration inhibition and the duration of its detection, and shortened the period of autoantibody detection in the blood serum.

Cornea↗