Biomedical subjects

P V Pomilla

Publications and source records attributed to P V Pomilla.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1996

Retinal vascular nonperfusion and retinal neovascularization as a consequence of cytomegalovirus retinitis and cryptococcal choroiditis.

BACKGROUND: Cytomegalovirus retinitis and cryptococcal choroiditis are opportunistic infections in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome. These infections are associated with a retinal vasculitis and vascular attenuation. METHODS: We present a case of retinal vascular nonperfusion and retinal neovascularization in a patient with acquired immune deficiency syndrome. RESULTS: Retinal vascular nonperfusion and retinal neovascularization were confirmed by fluorescein angiography. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first reported case of retinal neovascularization in a patient with acquired immune deficiency syndrome, ocular cytomegalovirus retinitis, and cryptococcal infection.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗

PubMed1995

Sinonasal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus: report of three cases and review.

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is a frequent complication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, but involvement of the sinonasal region has only rarely been reported. We report three cases of AIDS-associated sinonasal NHL that occurred at our institution and review eight cases that were reported in the literature. The epidemiological and clinicopathologic features of these cases are described and compared with those of three other groups of patients: non-HIV-infected patients with sinonasal NHL, HIV-infected patients with NHL of any anatomic site, and HIV-infected patients with infectious sinusitis. Patients with AIDS-associated sinonasal NHL more frequently developed bony erosion and presented with signs and symptoms referable to adjacent structures, such as the orbit, than did HIV-infected patients with sinusitis, and patients with AIDS and NHL less frequently had typical sinus symptoms and diffuse sinus involvement than did patients with sinusitis. However, the clinical manifestations of these conditions overlap; thus a high index of suspicion for NHL is imperative for prompt diagnosis. These lymphomas typically are high-grade and disseminate early, and the prognosis is generally poor.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗

PubMed1994

Outpatient treatment of community-acquired pneumonia in adults.

Most adults with community-acquired pneumonia are treated as outpatients. Despite this, the majority of studies regarding community-acquired pneumonia have been in hospitalized patients only and may not be applicable to an ambulatory population. This review critically examines the literature regarding the diagnosis, cause, appropriate patient selection, and treatment of nonhospitalized adults with community-acquired pneumonia, including human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals. English-language articles on oral antibiotic trials for community-acquired pneumonia, obtained from a MEDLINE search from 1966 to the present, are reviewed. Etiologic diagnosis is helpful in determining appropriate outpatient treatment for community-acquired pneumonia, and usually requires only sputum Gram's stain analysis. Viral, mycoplasmal, and chlamydial agents are among the most common pathogens encountered in individuals treated as outpatients, although much variability exists. Many oral antibiotic trials for community-acquired pneumonia have been published, but shortcomings in study design limit their clinical applicability. A treatment algorithm is offered, using the best available data.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Evaluation of respiratory problems.

Respiratory problems are common in international travelers. Most are self-limited and do not result in significant morbidity. Those that are severe enough to result in fever and an abnormal chest roentgenogram may pose diagnostic difficulties. The familiar bacterial respiratory pathogens found worldwide are the most common causes of this syndrome, but less familiar entities also need to be considered. A careful evaluation, including a thorough travel history, should yield the diagnosis.

Global Health↗