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P Vergez

Publications and source records attributed to P Vergez.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Bacteriostatic activity and killing curves of eight antibiotics against seven strains of penicillin G-resistant pneumococci].

Increasing resistance to multiple antimicrobial agents including penicillins is a current problem with Streptococcus pneumoniae. Seven cases of severe infection due to penicillin G-resistant pneumococci were seen in two teaching hospitals in Paris (France) during the first half of 1991; six of the strains were recovered from pulmonary secretions (protected brush specimens) and one from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The bacteriostatic activity and killing curves of eight antimicrobials against these seven strains were studied. Antimicrobial agents tested included penicillin G (PEN), amoxicillin (AMX), cefotaxime (CTX), imipenem (IPM), rifampin (RIF), vancomycin (VAN), fosfomycin (FOS), and erythromycin (ERO). MICs were determined using the agar dilution method. Killing curves were obtained using a liquid medium inoculated with 10(5) to 10(6) CFU/ml and subjected to continuous agitation; survivors were counted at baseline and after 1, 3 and 5 hours incubation. MICs of each antimicrobial (mg/l) for the seven strains were in the following ranges: PEN: 0.5-2, AMX: 0.5-2; CTX: 0.125-1; IPM: 0.03-0.25; RIF: 0.12-0.25; VAN: 0.25-1; FOS: 16; ERO: 0.06 greater than 4. Overall, bactericidal activity was greatest with vancomycin, followed by imipenem, then amoxicillin. The cefotaxime-fosfomycin combination proved synergistic and exhibited bactericidal activity (2MIC + 2MIC) for three of the seven strains. This study demonstrated the value of the cefotaxime-fosfomycin combination. Both these antimicrobials seem appropriate for the treatment of meningitis caused by penicillin G-resistant pneumococci provided their dosage is adjusted to achieve adequate drug levels in the cerebrospinal fluid.

Amoxicillin↗
PubMed1987

[Profiles of resistance to aminosides of Pseudomonas aeruginosa].

Among all Gram-negative bacilli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most resistant to aminoglycosides. Five hundred and seventeen P. aeruginosa strains were studied. Isolates came from three Paris hospitals. Reference strains were provided by P. Courvalin and A. Philippon. The following aminoglycosides were used: streptomycin (S), spectinomycin (Sp), kanamycin (K), neomycin (N), gentamicin (G), sisomicin (Ss), netilmicin (Nt), tobramycin (T), amikacin (A), habekacin (H). The in vitro activity of antibiotics was evaluated by the standardized disk agar diffusion test. Distribution of inhibition zone diameters among susceptible strains were represented by histograms. Resistance frequency to aminoglycosides was: G: 61.5%, Ss: 38.1%, T: 35.8%, Nt: 58.2%, A: 15.5%, Seven resistance patterns were identified: G: 3%, G Ss: 3%, G Nt: 8%, G Ss Nt: 7%, G Ss T: 5%, G Ss T Nt: 53%, G Ss T Nt A: 21%. Hypothesis about resistance mechanisms and interpretation of disk agar diffusion test are discussed.

Aminoglycosides↗
PubMed1986

[Evaluation of the antibiotic sensitivity of Pseudomonas sp. using the API-ATB-PSE system. Comparison with diffusion and the reference agar dilution method].

In vitro activity of twelve antibiotics (ticarcillin, mezlocillin, azlocillin, piperacillin, cefoperazone, cefsulodin, ceftazidime, gentamicin, netilmicin, pefloxacin and ciprofloxacin) was determined by measuring minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) using agar dilution according to WHO recommendations, agar diffusion and the API-ATB-PSE system. One-hundred and forty-two Pseudomonas strains were studied. Five species of Pseudomonas were represented, i.e. aeruginosa, maltophilia, cepacia, stutzeri and paucimobilis. Isolates came from two Paris hospitals. Percentages of total agreement, minor discrepancies and major discrepancies between the results obtained with the API-ATB-PSE method and those recorded with the reference methods were determined. After checking the discordant strains, the results are discussed in order to evaluate the reliability of the ATB method for antibiotic susceptibility testing with Pseudomonas sp.

Agar↗
PubMed1985

[Comparison of the in vitro activity of 6 quinolones on Pseudomonas sp].

Activity of six quinolones (nalidixic acid, pipemidic acid, oxolinic acid, pefloxacin, ofloxacin and norfloxacin) against one-hundred and ten Pseudomonas strains was studied in vitro. Five species of Pseudomonas were represented, i.e. aeruginosa, maltophilia, cepacia, stutzeri and paucimobilis. Isolates came from two Paris hospitals. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined using gelose dilution according to WHO recommendations (Mueller Hinton medium, multiple inoculator, controlled inoculum). Modal CMIs classify activities of the six tested quinolones against P. aeruginosa in the following order: nalidixic acid: 64 mg/l; pipemidic acid: 16-32 mg/l; oxolinic acid: 16 mg/l; pefloxacin: 2 mg/l; ofloxacin: 2 mg/l; norfloxacin: 1 mg/l. The other Pseudomonas species exhibit a variety of resistance phenotypes which are described in detail. High CMIs are found for certain P. aeruginosa strains. Two of these, i.e. DL 55 and DL 59, are highly resistant to all the tested quinolones. Their pattern of resistance is comparable to that of a mutant, PAO 38-02, obtained in vitro in the presence of pefloxacin. This fact suggests that quinolones may induce in vivo selection of resistant P. aeruginosa mutants.

Drug Resistance, Microbial↗
PubMed1984

[Application of a millipore membrane transfer method to the study of the activity of 4 beta-lactams on Pseudomonas aeruginosa].

In vitro activities of four cephalosporins, i.e. cefoperazone, cefsulodin, ceftazidime and CM 40874, on 31 ticarcillin-susceptible or resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains were compared. Minimal inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations were determined by the conventional broth technique and by a filter membrane transfer method on agar. MICs determined by both methods were comparable for each strain. Some discrepancies were found for minimal bactericidal concentrations. Among the cephalosporins studied on ticarcillin-susceptible Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains, the most active was ceftazidime, followed by cefsulodin, CM 40874 and cefoperazone. Resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to ticarcillin was associated with an overall increase in resistance to the four cephalosporins studied. These cephalosporins can be classified according to bacteriostatic and bactericidal effect in the following decreasing order: ceftazidime, CM 40874, cefsulodin and cefoperazone.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1983

[Serodiagnosis of Yersinia infections in cirrhotic patients. Study apropos of 73 patients].

It is well-known that cirrhosis is a predisposing factor to Yersinia septicemia. This study includes 73 cirrhotics and shows a high number of positive serologic tests (47/73 : 64.4%). However, there is no correlation with clinical features or bacteriological findings. The most frequent serotypes, i.e. pseudotuberculosis IV and enterocolitica 0:9, differ from those which are usually found in Yersinia septicemias. Iron overload in cirrhosis, increased intestinal load of gram-negative bacilli and possible latent bacteremia may partly explain these results. However, the role probably played by as yet poorly known cross-reactions between Yersinia and other pathogens (Shigella, E. Coli...) must be underscored. The authors conclude that slightly positive, stable, serodiagnostic tests have little meaning in cirrhotics.

Humans↗
PubMed1983

[Fiessinger-Leroy-Reiter's syndrome : serological conversion for Yersinia enterocolitica type 9, positive serodiagnosis for Shigella flexneri and Chlamydia].

A case of Reiter disease in a HLA B27 positive man with urethritis followed by polyarthritis is reported. During the disease, serologic conversion for Yersinia enterocolitica type 9 was detected as well as positive serologic tests for Shigella flexneri and Chlamydia. The features of reactive arthritis related to Yersinia and the etiologies of Reiter disease are recalled.

Arthritis, Reactive↗
PubMed1983

[Angiocholitis and polymicrobial septicemia caused by food obstruction in a patient with a biliodigestive anastomosis].

A case of angiocholitis with polymicrobic septicemia in an 85-year-old man with a history of cholecystectomy and choledocho-duodenal anastomosis is reported. The biliary tract was obstructed by a piece of tomato skin. Antibiotherapy and fibroscopic extraction of the skin ensured recovery. The authors recall the low incidence of polymicrobic septicemias, diagnostic criteria, promoting factors, poor prognosis, and the responsibility of digestive reflux and above all of stasis and high pressure in angiocholitis and septicemia following biliodigestive anastomosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

[Comparative bactericidal activity of cefsulodin and ceftazidime on Pseudomonas aeruginosa].

This research concerns the bacteriostatic and the bactericidal activity of two beta-lactams (cefsulodin and ceftazidime) on ten strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa affected by carbenicillin. Additionally to classical approaches in the broth and agar technics, a method of culture on filter membrane is used. The results obtained after a 2 hours and 24 hours contact are reported. The resulting values of minimum inhibitory concentrations are comparable. As far as minimum bactericidal concentrations values are concerned, there is no significant difference between the two methods or between the two antibiotics. The analysis of the bactericidal effect of a 2 hours contact allows no inference relative to the comparative effect of the two antibiotics. Each strain of P. aeruginosa has its specific behaviour, and there seems to be no way to extrapolate from their minimum inhibitory concentrations the bactericidal effect of cefsulodin and ceftazidime.

Carbenicillin↗
PubMed1982

[Comparison of in vitro bacteriostatic effect of five betalactamins against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (author's transl)].

In vitro activity of two penicillins (ticarcillin and azlocillin) and three cephalosporins (cefoperazone, cefsulodin and ceftazidime) was compared against one hundred clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa originated in two different Paris hospitals. Twenty strains were resistant to carbenicillin at a concentration of 128 mg/l. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined by a twofold agar dilution method. The required ceftazidime concentration to inhibit 90 p. cent of the carbenicillin-susceptible isolates was 1,9 mg/l. To achieve the same inhibition, 3,9 mg of cefsulodin, 12 mg of cefoperazone, 14 mg of azlocillin or 38 mg of ticarcillin per liter were needed. Against the 209 carbenicillin-resistant isolates, ceftazidime remained active at concentrations lower than 2 mg/l in 90 p. cent of the cases. To obtain such an inhibition with the other antibiotics higher concentrations were needed.

Azlocillin↗
PubMed1979

[Cutaneous, subcutaneous, and lymph node cryptoccosis in a patient with sarcoidosis (author's transl)].

An Algerien patient aged 31 years with a histologically confirmed mediastinopulmonary sarcoidosis had a persistent stable miliary pulmonary x-ray image after cortisone therapy. Eighteen months after stopping the corticotherapy, he developed cryptococcosis which was mainly cutaneous, but associated with subcutaneous abscesses and peripheral adenopathy, and without lesions in the viscera or deep nodes. Cryptococcus antigens were present in the serum and there was a humoral and cellular immunity reaction towards the cryptococcus. Recovery occurred after amphotericin B and 5-fluorocytosine.

Adult↗