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Biomedical subjects

P Vuopio

Publications and source records attributed to P Vuopio.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1985

Plasma histamine and serum pepsinogen I concentrations in chronic myelogenous leukaemia.

A male patient with multiple gastroduodenal ulcers and gastric hypersecretion due to hyperhistaminaemia associated with extreme basophilia occurring in chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML) is described. In addition, plasma histamine levels and serum pepsinogen I concentrations, reflecting gastric acid secretion, were studied in 18 CML patients. As compared to controls, plasma histamine levels were clearly increased in CML patients and correlated well with the basophil count. Serum pepsinogen I concentrations were normal in 14 out of 17 cases and did not correlate with plasma histamine levels. This absence of a direct relation between plasma histamine concentrations and serum pepsinogen I levels suggests that a high concentration of circulating histamine does not inevitably lead to increased gastric acid secretion. This offers one explanation of the fact that, in spite of the frequent occurrence of basophilia and hyperhistaminaemia in CML, ulcerogenic diathesis is quite rare in this disease and complicates only cases with extreme basophilia.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Glycophorin A as a cell surface marker of early erythroid differentiation in acute leukemia.

We show here that the leukemic blast cells from three patients of a total of 15 subsequently diagnosed as having acute leukemia express on their surface the major red cell sialoglycoprotein, glycophorin A (GP-A). This was demonstrated (1) by indirect immunofluorescence using rabbit anti GP-A anti-serum and (2) by immune precipitation of GP-A from surface radiolabelled leukemic cells. Since GP-A is exclusively present on erythroid cells and their precursors, these findings indicate that a higher proportion of the blast leukemias than previously recognized show features of early erythroid differentiation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Cell surface glycoprotein analysis: a diagnostic tool in human leukemias.

We have radiolabelled surface glycoproteins of different types of leukemic cell. The labelled proteins were separated by polyacrylamide slab gel electrophoresis and visualized by fluorography. Surface glycoprotein patterns discriminatory for acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) were found. We conclude that the analysis of the surface glycoprotein profile provides a useful method for the classification of leukemic cells according to cell type and stage of differentiation.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Effect of long-term training and acute physical exercise on red cell 2,3-diphosphoglycerate.

A statistically significant 10% increase (p less than 0.005) in mean red cell 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) concentration, concomitantly with a mean 16% increase (p less than 0.001) in the predicted maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) was observed in 29 recruits, who were studied during 6 months of physical training in military service. The increase in 2,3-DPG was higher, the lower the initial 2,3-DPG and VO2max levels. The mean initial 2,3-DPG level was higher in the subjects with a higher initial VO2max. A strenuous but highly aerobic 21-km marching exercise elicited a mean 9% increase (p less than 0.005) in red cell 2,3-DPG concentration. A significantly greater response of 2,3-DPG to marching exercise was observed in subjects with a lower pre-test VO2max than in those with a higher pre-test VO2max. During another more competitive march 2,3-DPG remained almost unchanged and was associated with a tendency towards a negative correlation with the acccompanying lactate response (r = -0.60, p less than 0.05). Red cell 2,3-DPG response to a standardized exercise is considered to be a suitable indicator for evaluating the effect of training on an individual.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Decrease of the major high molecular weight surface glycoprotein of human granulocytes in monosomy-7 associated with defective chemotaxis.

By use of the galactose/NaB3H4 surface labeling technique followed by polyacrylamide slab gel electrophoresis, it is shown that the major labeled surface glycoprotein (GP130) of normal human blood granulocytes is markedly reduced in granulocytes from three patients with a chromosomal abnormality in all or most bone marrow mitoses. The abnormality consisted of monosomy-7 in two and deletion of the distal half of the long arm of chromosome-7 in the third. The granulocytes from these patients showed reduced chemotaxis. These results suggest that the expression of GP130, as well as the chemotactic ability of the cells, are at least in part controlled by one or several genes on chromosome-7. The GP130 protein may be involved in normal granulocyte chemotaxis.

Aneuploidy↗
PubMed1979

Impaired neutrophil chemotaxis in Pelger-Huët anomaly.

A family has previously been described in which four members with Pelger-Huët (P-H) anomaly suffered from recurrent attacks of abdominal pain and fever, while one member, whose polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNs) were also hyposegmented, was asymptomatic. We studied chemotaxis, chemokinesis and spontaneous locomotion of PMNs in the three surviving symptomatic sisters, in their asymptomatic brother and in two asymptomatic members of another family with P-H anomaly. The spontaneous migration of the PMNs of the three sisters was significantly slower both under agarose and in a membrane filter than that of the PMNs of the asymptomatic patients with P-H anomaly. Chemotactic and chemokinetic locomotion of the PMNs of the symptomatic sisters was also slow. Our results suggests that the impaired chemotaxis was due to a defect in the intrinsic locomotor capacity of PMNs rather than in their deformability or their responsiveness to the chemotactic stimulus.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Studies on red cell flexibility in spherocytosis using a polycarbonate membrane filtration method.

A method for studying red cell flexibility as reflected by red cell rigidity and fragility is described. Using an infusion pump, suspended red cells are filtered through a polycarbonate membrane with 3 micron pores. The filtration pressure, which is continuously monitored, is considered to reflect red cell rigidity. The hemoglobin released by the disruption of red cells passing through the membrane is regarded as an indirect measure of red cell fragility. In all of the patients with hereditary spherocytosis studied and in some of their symptomless relatives, the decreased flexibility observed was associable with increased rigidity of the red cell. In vitro effects of chlorpromazine and vinca alkaloid on red cell flexibility were also studied. High concentrations of chlorpromazine and vinblastine induced formation of spherocytes displaying altered cell flexibility.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Malignant histiocytosis. A clinical and morphological study of four cases.

Four patients with malignant histiocytosis are described. Major clinical signs were fever, lymphadenopathy, hepatomegaly and splenomegaly. Laboratory studies showed leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, low leukocyte alkaline phosphatase (LAP) score, normal erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and elevated serum triglycerides. There was evidence of bone marrow involvement in all four cases. Typical changes were seen in the histological study.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Agranulocytosis in patients treated with clozapine. A study of the Finnish epidemic.

The occurrence of a sudden outbreak of agranulocytosis in Finland among patients being treated with clozapine led to intensive investigations in an attempt to find a local precipitating factor. Granulocytopenia after clozapine was found to have the same characteristics as that reported after phenothiazines. No local factor, either genetic or environmental, was found which could have been responsible for the increased frequency of occurrence in Finland. The need to be aware of the risk and to take appropriate precautionary measures (e.g. weekly leucocyte counts in the first months) is emphasized.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Function of neutrophils in preleukaemia.

The function of blood neutrophil granulocytes was studied in vitro in 17 patients with preleukaemia. 3 patients had a cellular defect of chemotaxis. 2 of them had monosomy-7 in bone marrow karyotype, in 1 associated with the deletion of the long arm of a chromosome 20. The third patient had trisomy-8. In the patient with trisomy-8, the high percentage of band neutrophils was possibly associated with the chemotactic defect. In another patient with trisomy-8 chemotaxis was normal. There was a statisically significant tendency to reduced phagocytosis and impaired ability to kill Staphylococcus aureus. 1 patient with a chemotactic defect and monosomy-7 suffered from repeated infections. The other 2 patients with defective chemotaxis had several febrile episodes most probably of infectious origin, and 1 of them died in sepsis. All of these 3 patients had cutaneous abscesses. It is concluded that defects in neutrophil granulocyte function are not uncommon in preleukaemia and may result in reduced resistance to infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Lymphographic diagnosis of malignant lymphoma in the course of Sjögren's syndrome.

Three patients with Sjögren's syndrome complicated by malignant lymphoma are presented. During the benign stage, two showed non-specific hyperplastic lymph node patterns on lymphography. When the disease had become malignant, all cases revealed generalized involvement of the retroperitoneal lymph nodes. The lymphographic pattern was that of a malignant lymphoma: enlarged nodes, with a foamy, linear or reticular appearance but mostly preserved marginal sinuses. On lymphographic follow-up, the node alterations were consistent with the histological findings and the clinical status, including the therapeutic response.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Polyploidy of the bone marrow.

In a consecutive series of 841 patients whose bone marrows were cytogenetically investigated because of verified or suspected haematological disease, 11 patients were found to have at least 10% polyploid bone marrow mitoses. The chromosome numbers varied greatly between the cells of the same patients and between the patients. In 4 cases, the number was nearly or exactly tetraploid and in 1 patient a prevalent octaploid line was seen. Structurally abnormal marker chromosomes were seen in 8 of the patients. A total of 31 bone marrow chromosome counts were performed on a young woman with acute myelomonocytic leukaemia who had had several drug-induced remissions during the 3 1/2 years of disease. The results were related to the clinical findings. On several occasions a clear-cut correlation was noted between high proportions (nearly 100%) of polyploid cells and relapse on the one hand and low proportions (as low as 0%) of polyploids and remission on the other. Of the 11 patients, 2 had chronic myeloid leukaemia, 3 acute myelomonocytic leukaemia, 3 acute myeloid leukaemia and a further 3 some other malignant haematological disorders. We conclude that polyploidy is a feature associated with rare cases of leukaemia and other malignant diseases. It is often a sign of a poor prognosis.

Adolescent↗