Ypt proteins in yeast.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Biomedical subjects
P Wagner
Publications and source records attributed to P Wagner.
Proneness to shame, proneness to guilt, and psychopathology.
The links between shame and guilt and psychopathology were examined. In 2 studies, 245 and 234 undergraduates completed the Self-Conscious Affect and Attribution Inventory, the Symptom Checklist 90, the Beck Depression Inventory, the State-Trait Anxiety Scale, and the Attributional Style Questionnaire. Results failed to support Lewis's (1971) notion that shame and guilt are differentially related to unique symptom clusters. Shame-proneness was strongly related to psychological maladjustment in general. Guilt-proneness was only moderately related to psychopathology; correlations were ascribable entirely to the shared variance between shame and guilt. Although clearly related to a depressogenic attributional style, shame accounted for substantial variance in depression, above and beyond attributional style.
Adult↗
Shamed into anger? The relation of shame and guilt to anger and self-reported aggression.
The relation of shame and guilt to anger and aggression has been the focus of considerable theoretical discussion, but empirical findings have been inconsistent. Two recently developed measures of affective style were used to examine whether shame-proneness and guilt-proneness are differentially related to anger, hostility, and aggression. In 2 studies, 243 and 252 undergraduates completed the Self-Conscious Affect and Attribution Inventory, the Symptom Checklist 90, and the Spielberger Trait Anger Scale. Study 2 also included the Test of Self-Conscious Affect and the Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory. Shame-proneness was consistently correlated with anger arousal, suspiciousness, resentment, irritability, a tendency to blame others for negative events, and indirect (but not direct) expressions of hostility. Proneness to "shame-free" guilt was inversely related to externalization of blame and some indices of anger, hostility, and resentment.
Adolescent↗
[Locoregional anesthesia combined with a low molecular weight heparin in the prevention of thromboembolic disease].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adult↗
Nuclear import substrates compete for a limited number of binding sites. Evidence for different classes of yeast nuclear import receptors.
A nuclear receptor likely involved in nuclear protein import is described. Purified ATP-depleted yeast nuclei show saturable high-affinity binding of the yeast nuclear protein Mcm1. The dissociation constant for the binding is 0.5 microM, and the number of binding sites is approximately 3,500 per nucleus, equivalent to 10-30 binding sites per nuclear pore. Mcm1 competes with other yeast nuclear proteins Ste12 and Swi5, but not with Rap1 or Nop1, indicating that there may be different types of import receptors. Bound Mcm1 is resistant to extraction by nucleases, salt, and non-ionic detergent, but can be released by 5 M urea, suggesting that Mcm1 binds to a yeast equivalent of the nuclear pore complex-lamina fraction of higher eukaryotes.
Binding Sites↗
[Bicarbonate--an unreliable indicator?].
The paper deals with the reliability of the bicarbonate concentration as calculated by contemporary analyzers of acid-base equilibrium. The author demonstrates on the basis of the quoted investigations that this parameter is unreliable. It can lead to serious diagnostic and therapeutic errors. The author draws attention to possible solutions of this situation in the modern treatment of acid-base disturbances.
Acid-Base Imbalance↗
Yeast cell-free nuclear protein import requires ATP hydrolysis.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae nuclear proteins are shown to localize specifically to isolated yeast nuclei under conditions selective for nuclear proteins. Nuclear association is time- and temperature-dependent, requires ATP hydrolysis, and is abolished by protease pretreatment of nuclei. The nucleus-localized protein is translocated across the nuclear envelope as determined by inaccessibility to externally added immobilized protease. This cell-free system, consisting of components from an organism amenable to genetic analysis, will facilitate the study of the poorly understood mechanism of nuclear protein localization. The finding that ATP hydrolysis is required for nuclear import is the most direct evidence that nuclear localization is energy-dependent.
Adenosine Triphosphate↗
Developmentally based personality assessment of adults with mental retardation.
Difficulties in assessing emotional and personality disturbances in adults with mental retardation were discussed and an evaluation method overcoming some of these problems presented. Overshadowing, inappropriate equation of emotional symptoms with cognitive limitations, and failure to adjust for the differing functioning levels among persons with mental retardation when judging pathology were cited as reasons to include a specific developmental factor in assessing this group. Projective tests were cited in the literature as being effective techniques, and an apperceptive technique originally intended for use with children was presented as a means of adding the needed developmental factor.
Adolescent↗
Structure of the chromosomal gene and cDNAs coding for lactase-phlorizin hydrolase in humans with adult-type hypolactasia or persistence of lactase.
Lactase-phlorizin hydrolase (LPH) splits lactose in the small intestine. LPH activity is high in the suckling; in many human populations the activity declines in adults, leading to adult-type hypolactasia, whereas in other populations the high LPH activity persists in adults. In the present work, we compared LPH sequences at the gene and cDNA level among adult subjects with high and low LPH activity. The complete intron-exon organization, including the sequences of all 17 exons and of the borders of all introns (as well as about 1,000 bp of 5' flanking region), was established for the cloned chromosomal LPH gene of a subject with persistence of lactase. Using PCR, we directly sequenced the exons of a hypolactasic subject. Except for silent mutations and the unknown linkage phase at two heterozygous positions, both coding sequences were identical. We further examined the LPH mRNA of a hypolactasic subject by S1 mapping and by sequencing a set of overlapping PCR products produced from cDNA templates. Except for allelic differences, the LPH sequence of the hypolactasic subject was identical to that of the LPH cDNAs of three subjects with persistence of lactase (one cDNA isolated previously by cloning and two characterized in the present work by PCR). No allele was peculiar to the hypolactasic subject. We conclude that humans with high or low levels of lactase can code for identical LPH enzymes.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
A human tumour-derived mutant p53 protein induces a p34cdc2 reversible growth arrest in fission yeast.
We have expressed wild-type and human tumour-derived mutant p53 cDNA genes in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. In the case of one mutant this resulted in a growth arrest of recipient yeast cells. In contrast, wild-type p53 and three other mutant proteins tested did not block outgrowth of colonies. Human and yeast cdc2 acted as functionally equivalent extragenic suppressors of the mutant-induced growth arrest allowing the establishment of viable p53 expressor strains. In cotransformation assays the mutant allele was found to be dominant over wt p53. Our results provide the first evidence of a functional relationship between p53 and p34cdc2 in an in-vivo system and suggest that the wide variety of mutant proteins present in human tumours may fall into functionally distinct subclasses.
Blotting, Northern↗
Active transport of proteins into the nucleus.
Nuclear proteins are actively and posttranslationally transported across the nuclear envelope. This transport is a highly selective process that can be divided into two steps, receptor-binding followed by translocation through the nuclear envelope. Receptor-binding is mediated by nuclear localization signals that have been identified in many nuclear proteins. Translocation is energy-dependent and occurs through the nuclear pore complex.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
A model for neuronal oscillations in the visual cortex. 1. Mean-field theory and derivation of the phase equations.
We study a neural network consisting of model neurons whose efferent synapses are either excitatory or inhibitory. They are densely interconnected on a local scale, but only sparsely on a larger scale. The local clusters are described by the mean activities of excitatory and inhibitory neurons. The equations for these activities define a neuronal oscillator, which can be switched between an active and a passive state by an external input. Investigating the coupling of two of these oscillators we found their coupling behaviour to be activity-dependent. They are tightly coupled and almost synchronized if both oscillators are active, but weakly coupled if one or both oscillators are passive. This activity-dependent coupling is independent of the underlying connectivities, which are fixed. Finally, for coupled active oscillators we derive a simplified description by disregarding the amplitudes of the oscillators and working with their phases. We use this simplified description in a compagnion article to model the oscillations in the visual cortex.
Animals↗
A model for neuronal oscillations in the visual cortex. 2. Phase description of the feature dependent synchronization.
In a previous paper we have shown, that it is possible to model the oscillations observed in an orientation specific column in the visual cortex by coupling excitatory and inhibitory subpopulations of neurons which compose the column, and that these oscillations can be described by the phases of the corresponding limit cycle oscillators. By coupling different columns via long but finite range sparse interactions, we generate in the phase description stimulus dependent multiplicative couplings which explain experimentally observed synchronization effects.
Animals↗
[Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and CO2 elimination].
The mortality in patients with ARDS stage IV is 90% according to the classification of Morel (1985) since all experiments as treatment with prostaglandine antagonists and application of antioxidants have to improve the outcome of such patients, we treated 87 patients, aged 5-51 years, between 1985-1990, with a veno-venous extra-corporeal bypass for CO2-elimination and with low frequency positive pressure ventilation according to the method of Kolobow et al. Forty-six of 87 patients survived, i.e. the mortality was reduced to 47%. This is striking evidence that this method is superior to other treatments of patients with ARDS.
Adolescent↗
[Pericardial tamponade following extraction of a pacemaker electrode].
A case of pericardial tamponade in a male patient secondary to the removal of an epicardial pacemaker wire is reported, resulting in rapid circulatory deterioration. Sternotomy with subsequent pericardectomy immediately relieved the compression of the heart. The postoperative period was complicated by a cerebral infarction on the third postoperative day, probably caused by cardiac embolism while the role of intraoperative hypotension is uncertain.
Aged↗
Essential nonmedical perinatal services for multiple birth families.
Parents of multiples suffer unique stresses which can severely impair family health and welfare. Access to information, counseling, and community resources increase parents' abilities to cope, and reduce the risk of child and spousal abuse. Twinline, a social service agency in California, provides a variety of free and low-cost nonmedical perinatal services to meet the needs of a heterogeneous population of over 1,000 multiple birth families and parents expecting multiples in the urban and rural counties of the San Francisco Bay Area.
California↗
Reexpression of poly(sialic acid) units of the neural cell adhesion molecule in Wilms tumor.
A unique structural feature of the neural cell adhesion molecule N-CAM is the presence of homopolymers of alpha (2----8)-linked sialic acid units. We have used two specific probes for the detection of poly(sialic acid) in normal human kidney and Wilms tumor: a monoclonal antibody against meningococci group B capsular polysaccharide (homopolymers of alpha (2----8)-linked sialic acid units), which shows no crossreactivity with polynucleotides and denaturated DNA, and bacteriophage-induced endosialidases specifically hydrolyzing alpha (2----8)-linked poly(sialic acid) units. Additionally, for the detection of N-CAM, antibodies recognizing the polypeptide portion of the molecule and biotinylated antisense RNA transcribed from a cDNA clone for N-CAM were applied. Poly(sialic acid) was regionally detectable in human embryonic kidney but undetectable in normal adult kidney, as already reported for rat kidney. The malignant Wilms tumor, which is characterized by the presence of structural components resembling those found in embryonic kidney, reexpressed poly(sialic acid) units and showed positive immunostaining for the polypeptide portion of N-CAM. Immunoblot analysis of Wilms tumor as well as human embryonic kidney and brain with the monoclonal anti-poly(sialic acid) antibody revealed in each case the same high molecular mass broad band. In situ hybridization demonstrated the presence of mRNA for N-CAM in Wilms tumor. We conclude that poly(sialic acid), most probably present on N-CAM, is an oncodevelopmental antigen in human kidney.
Antigens, Surface↗
Presence of the long chain form of polysialic acid of the neural cell adhesion molecule in Wilms' tumor. Identification of a cell adhesion molecule as an oncodevelopmental antigen and implications for tumor histogenesis.
The long chain form of polysialic acid characteristic of the low adhesive embryonic form of the neural cell adhesion molecule NCAM is temporally and spatially expressed in developing kidney but undetectable in normal adult kidney. Therefore, this molecule represents a developmentally regulated antigen in kidney contrasted with neural tissue, where it is also detectable in the adult brain. This investigation of 25 Wilms' tumors comprising all different histologic types demonstrates expression of this molecule under conditions of malignant growth. Immunostaining was observed in Wilms' tumors with both a monoclonal anti-polysialic acid antibody and a polyclonal anti-NCAM polypeptide antiserum. Intense cell surface staining sensitive to endosialidases specifically hydrolyzing alpha 2,8 linked (poly)sialic acid was detectable in blastemal regions, and weaker, variable labeling was seen over tubules and glomeruloid bodies. The stroma was not stained. This is evidence indicating that Wilms' tumor originates from the embryonic equivalent of induced metanephrogenic mesenchyme. It seems unlikely however, that the stroma is derived from the blastema. The same high molecular mass broad band typical of the embryonic form of NCAM was revealed by immunoblot analysis of homogenates from Wilms' tumor as well as from embryonic kidney and brain. In situ hybridization demonstrated the presence of mRNA for NCAM in all but stromal elements of Wilm's tumors. Thus, polysialic acid is present on NCAM and represents a new oncodevelopmental antigen in human kidney. Polysialic acid was greatly reduced or absent by immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting in necrotic tumor areas.
Adult↗