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Biomedical subjects

P Wexler

Publications and source records attributed to P Wexler.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

TOXNET: an evolving web resource for toxicology and environmental health information.

TOXNET, developed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM), is a web-based system of databases providing information on toxicology, hazardous chemicals, and the environment. Databases fall under the general headings of Toxicology Data, Toxicology Literature, Toxic Releases, and Chemical Identification/Nomenclature. Among TOXNET's pre-eminent databases are the Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB) and the TOXLINE file of bibliographic references.

Environmental Health↗
PubMed2000

TOXNET: A computerized collection of toxicological and environmental health information.

The Toxicology and Environmental Health Information Program, managed by the National Library of Medicine's Division of Specialized Information Services, provides access to a number of online bibliographic and factual computer files concerned with the toxicology, safety and handling, and environmental fate of chemicals, along with other files that cover genetic toxicology, developmental and reproductive toxicology, mutagenesis, carcinogenesis and toxic chemical releases.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Photoinduced dermal pigmentation in patients taking tricyclic antidepressants: histology, electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy.

Two patients had been taking long-term tricyclic antidepressant therapy. Each developed a blue to slate-gray hyperpigmentation in sun-exposed areas. On histologic examination there were refractile golden brown granules free in the dermis along collagen bundles. Similar pigment was present in macrophages and along the basement membrane zone. The granules stained for melanin, but not for iron, and were bleached by the permanganate method. Electron microscopy showed varying size and shaped electron-dense granules within lysosomes and free in the dermis, which, in unstained sections, showed a less dense peripheral halo. This peripheral halo was also evident on light microscopy. Energy dispersive spectroscopy showed these granules to be rich in copper and sulfur (elements present in tyrosinase and pheomelanin, respectively). We believe that this represents a drug-melanosome complex, which is most likely caused by chronic photoactivation.

Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic↗
PubMed1997

Treatment of facial furrows and rhytides.

Many substances have historically been used to address facial soft tissue defects. Currently in the United States autologous fat and injectable bovine collagen are the most commonly utilized injectable fillers. Additionally, the judicious application of BOTOX in the upper face as well as neck has all but revolutionized the use of filling agents in these locales. While other agents are briefly mentioned, this is an in-depth review of the characteristics and application of autologous fat, bovine collagen.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Medical education change: a detailed study of six medical schools.

This article reports a comparative case study of six selected USA medical schools, undertaken to identify factors that facilitate or obstruct innovation in medical education. The findings suggest that the culture of each medical school results from a combination of intra-institutional and external factors. Together these forces influence substantially the fate of educational innovations. The institutional culture influences critical elements such as educational philosophy, leadership and resources provided in support of innovation. Equally important, the culture shapes the level and type of change a school considers and implements. The findings also suggest that the availability of resources and the creative impetus present in schools giving priority to research can benefit the educational goals and facilitate educational change.

Curriculum↗
PubMed1990

Toxicological information series, II. A survey of toxicology information.

The structure of toxicology information is outlined. Key resources, both print and electronic, are described and the role of organizations is discussed on national and world levels. The section on computerized information covers systems such as TOXNET, CIS, and the ANSWER workstation.

Dictionaries, Chemical as Topic↗
PubMed1989

Toxicology information and computer sources for the medical practitioner.

This paper addresses the importance of toxicology information in medical practice. It begins by describing the role of clinical toxicology in dealing with health hazards that result from exposure to hazardous chemicals. This is followed by an overview of reference sources of practical value to physicians. Among the types of information considered are books, journals, fact sheets, abstracting/indexing tools, computer services, and organizations. Training resources are also presented. An appendix provides full details on accessing the toxicology resources cited in the body of the paper.

Environmental Health↗
PubMed1985

Toxicology information systems: a historical perspective.

Toxicology information systems have evolved swiftly from early, library-based bibliographic tools to advanced packages utilizing sophisticated computer and telecommunication technologies. These systems have evolved concurrently with the rapid expansion of the science of toxicology itself. Bibliographic files such as TOXLINE represent first attempts to handle the toxicology literature through on-line retrieval. Subsequent approaches applied the use of computers to provide literature-derived data, as in TDB or RTECS, or to capture data directly in the laboratory. Societal concerns about hazardous substances, manifested in legislation and regulations, have been responsible for the creation of many computerized systems. Advanced, integrated information management systems are being explored as a method of accessing a large number of independently maintained toxicology databases. Changes in information technologies such as the trend toward microcomputers and novel high-density storage devices will affect the future of toxicology information systems as will impending developments in toxicology itself related to biotechnology, analytical methodology, and alternatives to whole animal testing.

History, 20th Century↗
PubMed1984

Unstable diabetes and unstable families: a psychosocial evaluation of diabetic children with recurrent ketoacidosis.

To investigate the physical and psychological factors associated with labile diabetic control, 30 children and adolescents with recurrent diabetic ketoacidosis were included in a retrospective longitudinal review covering an 8-year period. The details of the ketoacidosis episodes and the psychosocial characteristics of the patient and his family were summarized from the medical record. Only a minority of the ketoacidosis episodes were overtly and solely related to intercurrent illness or poor compliance. A majority of the subjects studied lived in families with substantial psychosocial dysfunction, including chronic unresolved interpersonal conflict, inadequate parenting, father not in home, financial stress, and lack of family involvement with the diabetes. Many of the children displayed behavioral and personality problems. In most of these 30 cases, there was evidence that these dysfunctions existed prior to the onset of diabetes. These psychosocial problems were not immediately apparent in many instances, thus requiring more comprehensive psychosocial assessment and involvement by a social worker and/or a psychologist. Ongoing emotional support and counseling were instrumental in reversing the pattern of recurrent ketoacidosis, in coordination with care by all members of the diabetes team. The findings from this experience suggest that recurrent ketoacidosis warrants prompt evaluation from a psychosocial as well as a physical perspective.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Early diagnosis of placenta previa.

Ultrasound was used as a diagnostic tool in 859 patients for the localization of the placenta in the second trimester prior to genetic amniocentesis. A greater incidence of total placenta previa was found in the study group (5.6%) than is reported for the general population (0.25-0.5%). Maternal age greater than 35 years was the indication or co-factor in 59% of the patients studied, which might explain this difference. It was possible to predict total placenta previa at term early in the second trimester. It was demonstrated that if a placenta was located centrally over the cervical os and did not change position with variations in the degree of bladder-filling or changes in uterine position, the risk of having a total placenta previa at term increased from 1/143 to 1/8 pregnancies.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Second trimester placenta previa. An apparently normal placentation.

Placental positions in 214 patients scheduled for genetic amniocentesis were reviewed. Forty-five percent were found to have ultrasound findings of a low-lying placenta or partial or total placenta previa. At term, none of these patients required intervention for bleeding or placenta previa. Parity of 4 or more, but not age, correlated with an increased incidence of partial or total placenta previa, but not with a low-lying placenta. Low-lying placenta or placenta previa may be a normal variant in early pregnancy, suggesting that failure of the placenta to relinquish this position can result in an abnormally implanted placenta at term.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Rh-immune globulin after amniocentesis for genetic diagnosis.

The procedure of amniocentesis during the second trimester of pregnancy for genetic diagnosis creates the potential for Rh sensitization secondary to fetomaternal bleeding. We have advised administration of Rh-immune globulin after such amniocentesis whenever the pregnancy may be Rh-incompatible. Of 56 patients who received Rh-immune globulin there has been only 1 case of Rh sensitization, which occurred in a patient who underwent a second amniocentesis 2 weeks after the first attempt without receiving a second dose of Rh-immune globulin. There have been no developmental problems detected to date which could be ascribed to Rh-immune globulin.

Adult↗