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Biomedical subjects

P Whalen

Publications and source records attributed to P Whalen.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1988

A quantitative evaluation of the Hewlett-Packard 78354A noninvasive blood pressure meter.

Oscillometrically determined brachial artery pressures were compared with simultaneous contralateral radial intraarterial pressures in 19 anesthetized adult cardiac surgical patients throughout their surgical procedures, interrupted only by nonpulsatile, low-pressure, low-flow cardiopulmonary bypass. Radial intraarterial pressure values ranged widely for systolic (55 to 207 torr), mean (43 to 141 torr), and diastolic (26 to 106 torr). Both error specification methods proposed by the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation were used and compared. As expected, error method 1 gave consistently lower mean errors, smaller error standard deviations, and higher correlation coefficients than did error method 2. The errors during time periods immediately before and after cardiopulmonary bypass were compared with those from more quiescent times. Higher mean errors, larger error standard deviations, and lower correlation and regression coefficients were found during those time periods surrounding cardiopulmonary bypass. In general, mean errors were lowest for systolic pressure, followed by mean and diastolic pressures in that order, whereas error standard deviations were smallest for mean pressure, followed by systolic and diastolic pressures. Correlation and regression coefficients were highest for systolic pressure, followed by mean and diastolic pressures. In summary, the oscillometric method provides convenient and reproducible estimates of radial intraarterial pressure during most clinical situations, typically with better accuracy than the auscultatory Korotkoff method. The accuracy and reproducibility are diminished during those periods immediately surrounding cardiopulmonary bypass, perhaps due to direct surgical manipulation of the heart with its attendant rapid changes in cardiac output and blood pressure.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Carotid body in the sudden infant death syndrome.

Sixty-three percent of victims of the sudden infant death syndrome had a subnormal volume and 23 percent an enlarged volume of glomic cells in their carotid bodies. Evidences of antecedent chronic alveolar hypoxia and hypoxemia were found in both groups but were more severe in the victims with enlarged glomic tissue.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1976

Cardiac and other abnormalities in the sudden infant death syndrome.

Many victims of the sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) have abnormally heavy cardiac right ventricles. The degree of this abnormality is directly proportional to: a) the mass of muscle about small pulmonary arteries, b) the amount of brown fat retention about adrenal glands, and c) the presence of hepatic erythropoiesis. The pulmonary arterial abnormality is probably the result of chronic alveolar hypoventilation, while brown fat retention and hepatic erythropoiesis are likely consequences of chronic hypoxemia. These abnormalities are found in both SIDS victims who die with and those who die without mild respiratory tract infections. However, there are some differences between the two SIDS groups. Infected victims die at an older age and have smaller thymus glands and larger spleens; there is a greater proportion of males in the infected victims than in the noninfected victims.

Adipose Tissue, Brown↗