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Biomedical subjects

P Zdráhal

Publications and source records attributed to P Zdráhal.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

[Bacterial aortitis].

A cohort of 14 patients with bacterial destruction of various segments of the aortic wall is presented. The Salmonella enteritidis strain was predominantly responsible. Most patients had typical history of symptomatic trias of sepsis, abdominal and/or back pain and positive blood cultures. CT scan showed pseudoaneurysm within the thoracic, subphrenic or subrenal aorta as well as acute hemorrhage in three patients. One of these was excluded from invasive treatment due to hopeless prognosis. In one patient primary aortoduodenal phistula was responsible for GI bleeding. Five patients were operated and prosthetic replacement of subrenal or iuxtarenal aortic portion together with aortorenal bypass in a couple of cases was performed. In eight patients stentgrafts (SG) of various types were deployed completed with femorofemoral crossover bypass when necessary. All patients were subject to long-standing antibiotic therapy. Two patients expired following SG insertion, all operated patients survived. Average follow-up has been 1 year (1-22 months) so far. A groin abscess was later drained in one patient. Neither CT nor isotope scanning showed persistent or recurrent infectious or hemorrhagic foci in any survivors whatsoever. The authors review and consider the doubtful indication of aortic SG deployment into the septic terrain in selected cases. Midterm results might justify its use in overly debilitated patients otherwise not eligible for radical operation due to its prohibitive risk.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

[Surgical procedures on the external carotid artery].

A clinical series of five patients operated on for symptomatic cerebral blood flow deterioration is discussed. They presented with either hemispheral symptoms (hemiparesis, amaurosis fugax) or signs of diffuse cerebral hypoxia. In the presence of unilateral or bilateral internal carotid artery (ICA) occlusion a critical stenosis of the external carotid artery (ECA) was confirmed either by duplex ultrasound or angiography. In all these cases ECA was reconstructed by means of common vascular surgical techniques. The use of intraluminal (i.l.) shunt was mandatory. There were neither early nor late deaths in this group. In one patient a transient stroke occurred three days following standard carotid endarterectomy performed after ECA surgery on the contralateral side. After the mean follow-up of 46 months all patients remain neurologically asymptomatic. In selected cases the ECA reconstruction offers an effective and beneficial tool for surgical management of critical cerebral perfusion impairment.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[A comprehensive approach to the treatment of popliteal artery aneurysms--personal experience].

UNLABELLED: During a five-year retrospective follow-up period the authors treated a group of 46 patients with the diagnosis of aneurysm of the popliteal artery (AAP). The group comprised 42 men (91%) and 4 women (9%). The mean age was 62 years. In 32 patients (69%) AAP was on both lower extremities, in the remaining 14 (31%) it was unilateral. Forty-one patients (90%) had surgery and a total of 48 AAP were operated. The remainder was treated by conservative methods (10%). The first symptoms of AAP in the investigated group were: claudication in 17%, thromboembolic complications in 46%, rupture of the AAP in 4%. An asymptomatic aneurysm was detected in 33%. RESULTS: The authors did not record any death or occlusion of the reconstruction during hospitalization. When using a vein the primary patency is 100%. When a prosthesis (PTFE) is used the results are worse but still satisfactory and the five-year secondary patency is 85%. Five patients with thromboembolic complications of AAP were successfully treated by i.a. fibrinolysis. In all exclusion of the aneurysm and revascularization of the extremity followed. In the conclusion the authors emphasize the necessity of early surgical treatment as soon as the condition is detected, before the development of thromboembolic complications of AAP. If they develop it is essential to attempt local fibrinolysis and in the second stage revascularization of the extremity, if possible by a vein.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm].

In the years 1990-1994, 43 patients with ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms (RAAA) were operated on at the Department of Vascular Surgery of the Na Homolce Hospital in Prague. Men outnumbered women, average patient age was 70 years. The mean delay between onset of symptoms and hospital admission counted 27 hrs. Prior to transportation, one half to two thirds of patients went through at least two types of confirmative evaluation (CAT, ultrasound, angiography) and/or were referred via two or more hospital departments. In two thirds of patients profound shock with oligoanuria and hypotension were found. Anuria/hypotension proved to occur in a significantly lower rate in later survivors compared to later dead (11.8% vs. 23.5%: p < 0.05). Persistent hypotension during surgery together with eventual resuscitation as well as free blood found within the abdominal cavity showed up as further ominous factors. Renal failure was the leading postoperative complication (51.2%) with 27.9% of patients requiring hemodialysis after repair. Sepsis (25.6%), pneumonia (20.9%) and hemorrhage (13.9%) followed. Twenty-six patients were lost (60.5%) either within the first hours and days after surgery because of irreversible hemorrhagic shock or between the second and fourth week due to the sequels of organ failure and sepsis. In our cohort, regardless of age, sex, concomitant disease or the type of surgery, the patient's status on admission determined his/her further destiny. Urgent transfer to a specialized center going hand in hand with prompt and effective reanimation steps are the patient's only hope for survival.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[Peroperative transluminal angioplasty as a supplementary procedure to arterial reconstruction surgery].

Patients with affections of the vascular system of the lower extremities at several levels present a complicated problem for vascular surgery. The authors submit their experience with a combination of vascular reconstruction and peroperative transluminal angioplasty. In 25 patients, mean age 64 years, they performed 29 of these combined operations, 10 times on account of claudications, 11 times on account of pain at rest, 8 times on account of trophic defects. The pelvic vessels were dilated 6 times; the dilated vessels as well as the reconstruction remained patent. Peroperative angioplasty of the superficial femoral artery was performed 6 times, occlusion occurred once. Twelve times they dilated the distal portion of the popliteal artery or the vessels of the leg, 3 times the dilated portion became occluded. None of the patients lost the limb, one patient died from acute myocardial infarction shortly after operation. The authors describe the technique of peroperative transluminal angioplasty, evaluate the results and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this method.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Aneurysm of the hepatic artery].

Aneurysms of the hepatic artery are a very rare disease. The authors describe the symptomatology, most frequent localization, diagnostic methods and possibilities of surgical treatment.

Adult↗