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Paola Muti

Publications and source records attributed to Paola Muti.

59 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

Fat and protein intake and subsequent breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women.

The role of diet in the etiology of breast cancer has been extensively evaluated. Case-control studies generally support an association, while cohort studies have produced inconsistent results. This study, carried out on the ORDET cohort, is the first prospective Italian study to address the relation between diet and breast cancer. Female volunteers were recruited from 1987 to 1992 among residents of Varese Province, Northern Italy, an area covered by a cancer registry. A semiquantitative self-administered food questionnaire was completed by participants. After a mean 5.5 yr of follow-up, 56 cases of invasive breast cancer were identified among the 3,367 postmenopausal members; 214 controls were randomly chosen from the cohort, matched to cases for age, menopausal status at recruitment, recruitment center, and recruitment period. The adjusted odds ratios for the highest tertile of intake vs. the lowest were 3.47 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.43-8.44] for total fat, 3.78 (95% CI = 0.95-15.0) for animal protein, and 0.42 (95% CI = 0.18-0.95) for total carbohydrates. These findings indicate a significant positive association between total fat and animal protein and risk of breast cancer and an inverse association with carbohydrates and constitute new evidence for a role of diet in the etiology of breast cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

One drink to a lifetime of drinking: temporal structures of drinking patterns.

This article presents the proceedings of a symposium at the 2001 Research Society on Alcoholism Meeting in Montreal, Canada. The cochairs were Paul J. Gruenewald and Marcia Russell. The focus of the symposium was on mathematical, methodological, and statistical approaches to the assessment of drinking patterns from short (daily and monthly) to very long periods (the life course) of time. The research presented in the symposium argues that (1) model-based approaches to analyzing drinking patterns can provide comprehensive bases for assessing drinking risks, (2) data acquisition technologies that track daily drinking over long periods of time can illuminate unique features of drinking associated with abuse and dependence, and (3) retrospective data can be used to assess life-course trajectories of drinking associated with chronic problem outcomes. Each of the presentations points toward an integrated approach to understanding acute and chronic risks related to alcohol use. The presentations were (1) Mathematical models of current drinking, by Paul J. Gruenewald and Fred Johnson; (2) Mathematical models of drinking problems, by John Light and Rob Lipton; (3) Patterns of drinking ascertained from daily data aggregated across 24 months, by John Searles; and (4) Cognitive lifetime drinking histories and natural histories of drinking, by Marcia Russell, Paul J. Gruenewald, Fred Johnson, Maurizio Trevisan, Jo Freudenheim, Paola Muti, Ann Marie Carosella, and Thomas H. Nochajski.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed2002

Fasting glucose is a risk factor for breast cancer: a prospective study.

There is some evidence that glucose and other factors related to glucose metabolism, such as insulin and insulin-like growth-factors (IGFs) may contribute to breast cancer development. The present study analyzed the hypothesis that serum glucose, insulin levels, and IGF-I pattern are associated with breast cancer using a nested case-control study. Between 1987 and 1992, 10,786 women ages 35-69 were recruited in a prospective study in Italy. Women with history of cancer and on hormone therapy were excluded at baseline. At recruitment, blood samples were collected after a 12-h fast between 7:30 and 9:00 a.m. from all of the study participants. After 5.5 years, 144 breast cancer cases were identified among the participants of the cohort. Four matched controls were chosen for each breast cancer case from members of the cohort who did not develop breast cancer during the follow-up period. In premenopausal women, glucose was associated with breast cancer risk: the age, body mass index, and reproductive variable adjusted relative risk (RR) for the highest quartile of serum glucose versus the lowest was 2.8 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.2-6.5], and P for trend was 0.02. Insulin showed a weaker association with breast cancer, the adjusted RR of the highest quartile versus the lowest was 1.7 (95% CI, 0.7-4.1), and P for trend was 0.14, whereas the adjusted RR of the highest quartile of IGF-I was 3.1 (95% CI, 1.1-8.6), and P for trend was 0.01. Increased levels of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP)-3 were related to breast cancer risk: the adjusted RR for the highest quartile was 2.1 (95% CI, 0.95-4.75), and P for trend was 0.02. In postmenopausal women, the associations of glucose, insulin, and IGF-1 pattern were associated with breast cancer risk in heavier subjects characterized by a body mass index higher than 26. These results indicate that chronic alteration of glucose metabolism is related to breast cancer development.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Biological specimen banks: epidemiological tools and scientific enterprises].

In the last twenty years many large epidemiological studies have made efforts to collect material for biological specimen banks. These banks contain samples collected for short or long-term cryopreservation at low (e.g. -70 degrees C) or very low (-192 degrees C). This report describes general guidelines and methodological issues to take into consideration in designing and developing a biological specimen bank and is based on experience of three large scale studies. The author describes quality, quantity, methods to collect samples, and condition of cryopreservation that ensure both testing of scientific hypotheses and integrity of the stored samples. Feasibility and long-term storage effect studies should always be part of the design and the basic organization of a biological specimen bank. All operative choices a researcher makes in setting up a biological specimen bank have a direct impact on the future use of the biological samples and should be carefully considered.

Biological Specimen Banks↗