Biomedical subjects

Pascal Paulhac

Publications and source records attributed to Pascal Paulhac.

7 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

[Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy: A series of 17 cases].

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the Feasibility, the morbidity and the carcinologic results of laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Between August 2001 and December 2005, 17 partial nephrectomies were performed by laparoscopy in patients with a mean age of 59.2 years. Postoperative complications, the conversion rate, operating time, arterial clamping time, length of hospital stay and oncological results were studied for each patient. RESULTS: The mean operating time was 190 min, the mean arterial clamping time was 30 min and the mean hospital stay was 6.3 days. There were 2 complications including one postoperative haematoma requiring surgical revision for drainage and repositioning of a stent for urine leak. Two conversions had to be performed early in our experience. A tumour recurrence 2 years after the initial operation was treated by total nephrectomy. CONCLUSION: Our results in terms of morbidity are similar to those reported for open surgery, but the recurrence rate appears to be slightly higher than that observed with open partial nephrectomy. Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy remains a difficult operation requiring a learning curve even for a department that regularly performs laparoscopic surgery.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

[Prostatic sarcoma: Report of two cases].

Prostatic sarcomas are very rare tumours with a very poor prognosis. They may coexist with prostatic adenocarcinoma, in which case they are only diagnosed on histological examination of the operative specimen with identification of sarcoma on immunohistochemical analysis. Due to their rapidly invasive potential, they must be detect early in the course, particularly in young subjects. Certain clinical signs, such as obstructive urinary symptoms in a young man or rectal symptoms in an elderly man are suggestive of sarcoma. In this article, the authors report two cases of prostatic sarcoma surgically treated and present a review of the literature on this disease.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

[Post-traumatic renal arteriovenous fistula discovered after 28 years].

There is only one published case of arteriovenous fistula discovered 20 years after firearm trauma. The authors report the case of a 47-year-old man injured by firearm 28 years ago presenting with a highflow aneurysm of the right renal artery secondary to arteriovenous fistula and associated with lower pole renal tumour and describe the radiological work-up and surgical management.

Arteriovenous Fistula↗

PubMed2003

[Pseudoneoplastic form of Chlamydia trachomatis epididymo-orchitis: a case report].

Pseudoneoplastic Chlamydia trachomatis epididymo-orchitis is a rare clinical entity. The differential diagnosis with malignant tumour of the testis remains difficult and surgical exploration with orchidectomy is often difficult to avoid. Urgent testing for Chlamydia trachomatis by PCR in urine, semen and a urethral swab confirms the diagnosis and allows introduction of antibiotic therapy rather than surgical exploration.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

[Cystocele].

A cystocele is a bladder hernia through the anterior wall of the vagina. It is common in elderly women. There is no clinico-anatomical correlation, but the functional disturbance, although both variable and variably experienced, remains a major factor in the indication of eventual surgery. Methodologic clinical examination should be made to seek anomalies of pelvic stasis associated with a more or less hidden urinary incontinence. The surgical technique should be chosen according to the age and the classification of the patient, determined by complementary examinations that range from simple to highly technical (echography, cystography and sometimes study of urinary dynamics and MRI). The surgeon should chose the technique of perineal support and clearly explain the possibility of failure or recurrence. Confidence between the patient and the surgeon remains the best guarantee of a good result of management. Such surgery can be proposed to women to request it for physical comfort, whereas the surgeon should be very cautious with regard to those who do not want to undergo surgery (but also with those who strongly insist on surgery).

Adult↗

PubMed2002

[Role of uropontin in calcium oxalate lithogenesis].

The formation of calcium oxalate stones involves four phases: nucleation, growth, aggregation and retention. Stone formation is a complex, multifactorial phenomenon involving, among other factors, proteins, some of which play an inhibitory role, while others play a promoting role. The authors studied the role of uropontin. Uropontin is the urinary form of osteopontin. Osteopontin is essentially involved in the mineralisation of bone tissue. Uropontin is secreted in the kidney by epithelial cells of the distal convoluted tubule and loop of Henle. Uropontin has an inhibitory action on the four phases of calcium oxalate crystal formation and is also one of the main constituents of the calcium oxalate stone matrix. A reduction of uropontin expression in epithelial cells induces a reduction of calcium oxalate stone formation. Uropontin is a protein largely involved in the lithogenesis of urinary stones, but its mechanism of action has not yet been fully elucidated.

Calcium Oxalate↗

PubMed2002

[Epidemiology of prostate cancer in the Limousin area].

OBJECTIVE: Prostate cancer is the commonest cancer in men in France, and its incidence increases with age. It occupies 4th place in terms of mortality. The Limousin region, with the oldest population in France, established a regional registry of new cases of cancers in 1998. The objective of this study was to analyse the prostate cancer incidence and mortality data in the Limousin region for 1998. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Based on the cancer registry data and martality data of the department of information on medical causes of death, a registry was established for all new of prostate cancer and all cases of prostate cancer death in patients living in the Limousin region in 1998. Standardized incidence and mortality rates were compared with French data. RESULTS: The crude incidence rate detected in the Limousin region was 149.5 per 100,000 inhabitants and the standardized rate compared to the French population was 124. These rates were significantly higher than those reported in France. The mortality rate from prostate cancer in the Limousin region was 29.2 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants and was higher than that reported for France as a whole. CONCLUSION: In view of the data for 1998, prostate cancer is a major public health problem in the Limousin region. This excess incidence could be related to the methodology used, the increased awareness of general practitioners of the problems of prostate cancer, who do not hesitate to request individual screening by prostatic-specific antigen (PSA) or the presence of specific risk factors in the Limousin region. Further studies must be conducted in the Limousin region.

France↗