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Patrick Faure

Publications and source records attributed to Patrick Faure.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Interventional endoscopic ultrasound in pancreatic diseases.

During the last 15 years, endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has become an important imaging procedure for diagnosis and management of pancreatic diseases. The clinical interest of EUS is now enhanced by interventional procedures. Noteworthy, fine-needle aspiration biopsy is one of the most important contributions of EUS, in particular for the investigation of patients with pancreatic cancer and cystic tumors. EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration appears to be a safe and reliable technique to obtain tissue from pancreatic masses with a low risk of complications. EUS became also a therapeutic procedure, especially applied for celiac plexus neurolysis, pseudocyst drainage, and pancreaticogastrostomy. Further developments are expected by improvement of needle devices such as pancreatic pseudocyst drainage kits. In the future, EUS might be also a support for local application of new treatments of pancreatic tumors, such as gene or cellular therapy products. In this review, we discuss the current clinical applications of interventional EUS and the future development for diagnosis and management of pancreatic diseases.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Questionnaire-based evaluation of gastrointestinal disorders in de novo renal-transplant patients receiving either mycophenolate mofetil or enteric-coated mycophenolate sodium.

BACKGROUND: Gastrointestinal (GI) disorders are one of the main adverse events in patients treated by mycophenolic acid (MPA). The aim of our prospective questionnaire-based study was to assess GI side-effects in de novo renal-transplant patients receiving either mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) or enteric-coated mycophenolate sodium (EC-MPS). METHODS: Between January 2002 and April 2003, all patients receiving MPA with a functioning allograft at 1 month post-transplantation were enrolled in this study (n = 130). Ninety-three of them received MMF (group I), and 37 patients received EC-MPS (group II). Each month, every patient completed a questionnaire regarding GI disorders. RESULTS: During the first year post-transplantation, GI disorders occurred in 31 patients from the MMF group (33.3%) and 12 patients from the EC-MPS group (32.4%) (not significant). The incidence of upper GI disorders was also similar in both groups. Diarrhoea was observed in 18 patients (19.3%) from group I, and in five patients from group II (13.5%) (not significant). Its frequency and severity were similar in both groups. Weight loss was observed in three patients receiving MMF. Diarrhoea resolved spontaneously in 10 patients from group I and in all patients from group II. For the other eight patients in group I, the diarrhoea required MMF discontinuation in three patients and dose reduction in five patients. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, in this questionnaire-based evaluation, the incidence of GI disorders was similar in patients receiving either MMF or EC-MPS during the first year post-transplantation.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Villous atrophy induced by mycophenolate mofetil in renal-transplant patients.

Leucopenia and diarrhoea are the main side effects observed after the use of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) in renal-transplant patients. The mechanism of diarrhoea remains unknown. We report on four cases presenting with severe diarrhoea, which appeared, respectively, at 4, 10, 24, and 66 months after MMF therapy had been started. All patients presented with weight loss and biological signs of malabsorption syndrome. Oesophago-gastroduodenoscopy revealed duodenal villous atrophy, which was confirmed by pathology examination. Anti-endomysium antibodies were negative. In all patients, diarrhoea disappeared within 1 month of MMF withdrawal without a gluten-free diet. A control oesophago-gastroduodenoscopy was performed in one patient 6 months later and was considered normal. None of the patients showed evidence of cytomegalovirus in enterocytes or cytomegalovirus-positive viraemia. In conclusion, villous atrophy induced by MMF might be one of the mechanisms of diarrhoea. It is mandatory to differentiate coeliac disease from MMF-induced villous atrophy because, in the latter case, a gluten-free diet is not required.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Antitumor effect of in vivo somatostatin receptor subtype 2 gene transfer in primary and metastatic pancreatic cancer models.

Our previous studies conducted in pancreatic cancer models established in nude mice and hamsters revealed that cloned somatostatin receptor subtype 2 (sst2) gene expression induced both antioncogenic and local antitumor bystander effects in vivo. In the present study, in vivo gene transfer of sst2 was investigated in two transplantable models of primary and metastatic pancreatic carcinoma developed in hamsters. LacZ reporter or mouse sst2 genes were expressed by means of two different delivery agents: an adenoviral vector and a synthetic polycationic carrier [linear polyethylenimine (PEI)]. sst2 was injected into either exponentially growing pancreatic primary tumors or hepatic metastases, and then transgene expression and tumor progression were investigated 5-6 days after gene transfer. Molecular mechanisms involved in the inhibition of tumor growth were also analyzed. Both adenovirus- and PEI-mediated in vivo gene transfer in primary pancreatic tumors induced an increase of beta-galactosidase activity and expression of sst2 transgene nRNA (100% and 86% of tumors for adenovirus and PEI vector, respectively). Adenoviral vector-based sst2 gene transfer resulted in significant reduction of pancreatic tumor growth (P < 0.05). Using PEI vector, both pancreatic primary tumor growth and metastatic tumor growth were also significantly slackened as compared with both LacZ-treated and untreated control groups (P < 0.02). Moreover, the proliferative index decreased significantly (P < 0.005), whereas apoptosis increased (P < 0.005) in tumors transferred with sst2 gene. The increase of apoptosis correlated with an activation of the caspase-3 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase pathways. We concluded that in both primary and metastatic pancreatic cancer models, the synthetic gene delivery system can achieve in vivo sst2 gene transfer and results in a significant antitumor effect characterized by an increase of apoptosis and an inhibition of cell proliferation. This new strategy of gene therapy allows the restoration of expression of an antioncogenic molecule and could be promising for the treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer.

Adenoviridae↗