PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

Paul A Garcia

Publications and source records attributed to Paul A Garcia.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Speech preservation during language-dominant, left temporal lobe seizures: report of a rare, potentially misleading finding.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the prevalence and mechanism of ictal speech in patients with language-dominant, left temporal lobe seizures. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the video-EEG telemetry records for the presence of ictal speech in 96 patients with surgically proven left temporal lobe epilepsy and studied the seizure-propagation patterns in three patients who required intracranial EEG recordings for seizure localization. RESULTS: Ictal speech preservation was observed in five patients. One patient's seizures demonstrated rapid propagation of the ictal discharges to the contralateral temporal area where the seizure evolved, resembling a nondominant temporal lobe seizure. The other two patients had ictal discharges that remained confined to the inferomesial temporal areas, sparing language cortex. CONCLUSIONS: Preservation of speech in complex partial seizures of language-dominant, left temporal lobe origin is rare. Based on intracranial EEG recordings, the likely mechanism underlying this potentially misleading clinical finding is the preservation of language areas due to limited seizure-propagation patterns.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Clinical features of status epilepticus in patients with HIV infection.

The authors reviewed the records of 42 patients with HIV infection and status epilepticus (SE). Brain tumor and infection were the most common etiologies. The median duration of SE was 2.0 +/- 10 hours. Most patients (37 [88%]) responded to IV benzodiazepine or phenytoin treatment. Nevertheless, 12 (29%) patients died and 15 (36%) developed new neurologic deficits. In patients with HIV infection, aggressive management of seizures may limit the risk of SE.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Magnetoencephalography source localization and surgical outcome in temporal lobe epilepsy.

OBJECTIVE: We prospectively investigated the role of magnetoencephalography (MEG) in localizing the seizure focus and in predicting outcome to surgical resections for intractable temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). METHODS: We performed simultaneous interictal EEG and MEG recording (two 37-channel system) in 26 TLE patients followed by MEG source localization. We correlated early modeling dipoles with intracranial EEG, temporal surgical resection and surgical outcome. RESULTS: There were 12 patients who had anterior temporal horizontal or tangential dipoles to the anterior infero-lateral temporal tip cortex. Two patients underwent selective amygdalo-hippocampectomy (SAH) and nine patients had antero-medial temporal lobectomy (AMTL). All patients had successful outcome except for one patient who initially failed SAH, but became seizure-free after AMTL. There were 11 patients who demonstrated anterior temporal vertical or tangential oblique dipoles. Five patients had AMTL and three had SAH; all became seizure free. Five of above 23 patients had invasive EEG and demonstrated mesial seizure onset. Three TLE patients had lateral vertical dipoles that were concordant with intracranial EEG and these became seizure free after temporal neocortical resections. CONCLUSIONS: MEG source analysis produces distinct source patterns that provide useful localizing information, predict surgical outcome, and may aid in planning limited surgical resection in TLE.

Electroencephalography↗
PubMed2003

Ictal magnetoencephalography in temporal and extratemporal lobe epilepsy.

PURPOSE: We evaluated visual patterns and source localization of ictal magnetoencephalography (MEG) in patients with intractable temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and extratemporal epilepsy (ETE). METHODS: We performed spike and seizure recording simultaneously with EEG and MEG on two patients with TLE and five patients with ETE. Scalp EEG was recorded from 21 channels (10-20 international system), whereas MEG was recorded from two 37-channel sensors. We compared ictal EEG and MEG onset, frequency, and evolution and performed MEG dipole source localization of interictal spikes and early ictal discharges and co-registered dipoles to brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We correlated dipole characteristics with intracranial EEG, surgical resection, and outcome. RESULTS: Ictal MEG lateralized seizure onset in both TLE patients and demonstrated ictal onset, frequency, and evolution in accordance with EEG. Ictal MEG source analysis revealed tangential vertical dipoles in the anterolateral angle in one patient, and anterior dipoles with anteroposterior orientation in the other. Intracranial EEG revealed regional entorhinal seizure onset in the first patient. Both patients became seizure free after temporal lobectomy. In ETE, ictal MEG demonstrated visual patterns similar to ictal EEG and had concordant localization with interictal MEG in all five patients. Two patients underwent surgery. Ictal MEG localization was concordant with intracranial EEG in both cases. One patient had successful outcome after surgery. The second patient did not improve after limited resection and multiple subpial transections. CONCLUSIONS: Ictal MEG can demonstrate ictal onset frequency and evolution and provide useful localizing information before epilepsy surgery.

Electroencephalography↗
PubMed2002

Focal cooling suppresses spontaneous epileptiform activity without changing the cortical motor threshold.

PURPOSE: Focal cerebral cooling has been shown to reduce epileptiform activity in animals. There are, however, few reports of this phenomenon in humans. METHODS: Electrocorticography was performed before resection of a right frontal tumor in a patient with partial seizures. Cold saline was applied to the interictal spike focus, and its effect on the epileptiform discharges was observed. RESULTS: Application of cold saline to the spike focus resulted in a transient, complete cessation of spiking. This effect was reproduced with a second application of cold saline. The motor threshold for electrical stimulation remained unchanged during the application of saline. CONCLUSIONS: In this patient with tumor-related epilepsy, focal cooling of the cortex reproducibly abolished interictal epileptiform discharges without changing the motor threshold to electrical stimulation.

Adult↗