Biomedical subjects

Paul Berry

Publications and source records attributed to Paul Berry.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Expression and localization of endothelin-converting enzyme-1 in human prostate cancer.

Endothelin (ET)-1 can influence cancer invasion and metastasis by exerting an autocrine (epithelial) or paracrine (stromal) influence on growth. ET-1 is generated from big ET-1 by endothelin-converting enzyme (ECE)-1, which has four recognized isoforms, ECE-1a, ECE-1b, ECE-1c, and ECE-1d, differing only in their amino-terminal regions. This study investigated the expression and localization of the ECE-1 isoforms in prostate cancer (PC). The epithelial cell lines used were androgen-sensitive LNCaP, androgen-independent PC-3 and Du145, and nonmalignant transformed PNT1-a, PNT2-C2, and P4E6 prostate cells. Primary cells derived from malignant and benign tissue from radical prostatectomies were also exploited. Previously, we reported increased ECE-1 expression in androgen-independent PC cell lines, as compared with androgen-sensitive cells. Our present data show that transcripts for all ECE-1 isoforms were present in all epithelial cell lines analyzed. However, only the ECE-1c protein was detectable in PC-3, Du145, PNT2-C2, and PNT1-a cells. ECE-1c localized to both the cell surface and intracellular compartments in individual cell lines. In primary stromal cells, all individual ECE-1 isoforms were expressed at the mRNA level, with the exception of ECE-1a. ECE-1b and ECE-1c protein levels were higher in malignant stromal cells, as compared with benign cells. In stroma, ECE-1c protein was localized to the cell surface, with filamentous immunoreactivity throughout the cell, whereas ECE-1b immunoreactivity was punctate throughout the cytoplasm. The upregulation of the ECE-1c isoform in PC cell lines is being investigated further.

Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases↗

PubMed2005

Measurement of glut-1 expression using tissue microarrays to determine a race specific prognostic marker for breast cancer.

BACKGROUND: African-American women (AAW) have more adverse tumor characteristics than non-African American women (non-AAW) and there is a need for a specific predictive marker for AAW recurrence. Tumors with higher grade and proliferative activity are associated with overexpression of the glucose transporter (Glut-1). An examination of Glut-1 expression relative to recurrence and no recurrence was conducted on both groups to determine if it predicts prognosis and could predict a race specific prognosis. METHODS: A breast cancer data set containing clinical information including race and biological characteristics was generated between 1991 and 1996. Tissue samples were selected from this group with similar characteristics in both racial groups for a retrospective analysis of Glut-1 expression using tissue microarrays (TMAs). Mean Glut-1 expression for intensity and percent of tumor cells staining was determined using standard immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Clinical and biological differences were noted in the original data set between AAW and non-AAW. No significant difference between races was noted in mean Glut-1 values using a subset which had similar characteristics. The mean Glut-1 did not predict recurrence but a rounded score did indicate that higher levels of Glut-1 expression was indicative of a lower disease free survival (p = 0.063). The actual average mean for AAW with no recurrence was significantly lower than any other group (p = 0.04). Conclusions. TMA analysis for Glut-1 expression may be useful to predict disease free survival but it does not predict race specific recurrence.

Black or African American↗

PubMed2003

"Grape cluster" aneurysm of the right subclavian artery: an unusual manifestation of fibromuscular dysplasia.

Aneurysmal lesions affecting the intrathoracic portion of the subclavian artery are rare. We present a patient who had a right hemispheric stroke and transient ischemic attacks caused by a complex right subclavian artery aneurysm with unusual morphological features. Successful surgical repair of this lesion is described along with pathological studies demonstrating fibromuscular dysplasia. The occurrence of such lesions and their management is reviewed.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Endothelins may modulate invasion and proliferation of Ewing's sarcoma and neuroblastoma.

Tumours of the Ewing's sarcoma (ES) family and neuroblastoma (NBL) were examined by reverse transcriptase-PCR for expression of mRNA for endothelin (ET) receptors ET-A and ET-B, and the ligands ET-1, ET-2 and ET-3. The effect of ET-1, ET-3, an ET-1-neutralizing antibody and ET-A receptor antagonist BQ-123 on cell proliferation was examined using an ELISA. Loss of ET-B receptor mRNA occurred in 57% of ES and 42% of NBL tumours. This appeared to be associated with the presence of metastatic disease and disease progression. ET-A receptor mRNA was expressed in all ES and 85% of NBL tumours, and in all ES and NBL cell lines examined. All ET ligands were detected in NBL cell lines, but only ET-1 and ET-2 were expressed in ES cell lines. Treatment of ES and NBL cells with ET-1 increased proliferation, but ET-3 had no effect. Incubation of ES and NBL cells with an ET-1-neutralizing antibody or BQ-123 decreased proliferation. The ET-3 ligand and ET-B receptor may be associated with migration and metastasis of ES and NBL, whereas ET-1 (acting through the ET-A receptor) may regulate their proliferation.

Endothelin-1↗

PubMed1986

A multinational, cross-cultural perspective on hyperactivity.

Five independent studies of the prevalence of hyperactivity in five countries are compared. All used the Conners Short Parent-Teacher Questionnaire. Sample sizes were 271 (USA), 418 (New Zealand), 711 (Great Britain), 1759 (Australia), 5357 (Germany). National cut-off points ranged from 15 to 21.

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity↗