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Biomedical subjects

Paul J Schmidt

Publications and source records attributed to Paul J Schmidt.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2007

Iron homeostasis.

Iron is needed by all mammalian cells but is toxic in excess. Specialized transport mechanisms conduct iron across cellular membranes. These are regulated to ensure homeostasis both systemically in living organisms and within individual cells. Over the past decade, major advances have been made in identifying and characterizing the proteins involved in the transport, handling, and homeostatic regulation of iron. Molecular understanding of these processes has provided important insights into the pathophysiology of human iron disorders.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Basile J. Luyet and the beginnings of transfusion cryobiology.

The first president of the Society for Cryobiology was a Roman Catholic priest born in a mountain village in Switzerland. Basile J. Luyet immigrated to the United States in 1929 with doctorates in biology and in physics and then devoted his life to studies described best by the title of his early monograph "Life and Death at Low Temperatures." Established in the faculty at St. Louis University, he pursued studies on living matter in the cold that in midcareer led to efforts to vitrify red cells by ultrarapid cooling. As a purist who wanted to vitrify living matter without the assistance of cryoprotectant additives, he did not succeed with red cells. However, his 40 years of exploration of the biology of the cold joined physical chemistry with biology and made cryobiology into a new branch of scientific thought. A very formal man, he served both his God and his science with the dictum that "truth does not contradict truth." His contributions are preserved in the knowledge and wisdom that he created and in the memory of the people of the Alpine village of his birth.

Blood Preservation↗
PubMed2006

Hints to blood groupers, 1950.

Sixty years ago, the premier blood grouping laboratory was that of Robert Race in London. Agglutination tests and blood grouping had provided breakthroughs in immunology, genetics, and the solution of clinical problems. The significance of immunohematology was recognized by the clinical hematology community as a potent force in the expanding field of disorders of the blood and blood-forming organs. The instructions by Race to his London workers entitled Hints to Blood Groupers provide a picture of the immunohematology laboratory even before automation and differed slightly from the American techniques that derived from Landsteiner. Before agglutination is replaced in the near future by the emergence of molecular methods, the detailed method of a superb laboratory is recorded.

Blood Grouping and Crossmatching↗
PubMed2003

Frozen blood.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Blood Preservation↗
PubMed2003

Fluid Attenuated Inversion Recovery (FLAIR) imaging in neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus.

OBJECTIVE: To compare fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) imaging with proton density/T2 weighted (PD/T2) imaging in neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is commonly used to evaluate NPSLE. However, the specific role of FLAIR versus conventional PD/T2 methods in NPSLE remains uncertain. METHODS: We studied 28 patients with NPSLE classified using the 1999 American College of Rheumatology Case Definitions for NPSLE. NPSLE disease activity and brain injury were estimated with the neurologic components of SLEDAI and SLICC, respectively. Axial T1, PD/T2, and FLAIR MR images were obtained at 1.5 Tesla. Lesions visible on PD/T2 and FLAIR imaging were quantitated, classified, and the lesion conspicuity was determined. Statistical comparisons were then made between imaging techniques. RESULTS: FLAIR detected significantly more lesions than PD/T2 (p < 0.001), resulting in a 5% greater diagnostic sensitivity, but infarct, leukoencephalopathy, and normal from abnormal were similar between the 2 methods (p > 0.7). Numbers of lesions by FLAIR correlated closely with lesions by PD/T2 (r2 = 0.97, p < 0.0001). Conspicuity of individual lesions by FLAIR was greater than by PD/T2 in cortical, subcortical, and periventricular locations (p < 0.01). Both FLAIR and PD/T2 observations were similarly associated with NPSLE activity and NPSLE brain injury (p < 0.02). CONCLUSION: FLAIR is more sensitive and demonstrates greater lesional conspicuity than conventional PD/T2 in NPSLE. Lesions on FLAIR are more obvious and less likely to be confused with nonlesional structures, thus FLAIR images have obvious advantages for both clinical care and didactic rounds. FLAIR is a reasonable addition to a NPSLE MRI examination, and will increase diagnostic sensitivity by about 5%.

Adult↗