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Paul Shaw

Publications and source records attributed to Paul Shaw.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Arabidopsis nucleolar protein database (AtNoPDB).

The Arabidopsis Nucleolar Protein Database (http://bioinf.scri.sari.ac.uk/cgi-bin/atnopdb/home) provides information on 217 proteins identified in a proteomic analysis of nucleoli isolated from Arabidopsis cell culture. The database is organized on the basis of the Arabidopsis gene identifier number. The information provided includes protein description, protein class, whether or not the plant protein has a homologue in the most recent human nucleolar proteome and the results of reciprocal BLAST analysis of the human proteome. In addition, for one-third of the 217 Arabidopsis nucleolar proteins, localization images are available from analysis of full-length cDNA-green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusions and the strength of signal in different parts of the cell-nucleolus, nucleolus-associated structures, nucleoplasm, nuclear bodies and extra-nuclear-is provided. For each protein, the most likely human and yeast orthologues, where identifiable through BLASTX analysis, are given with links to relevant information sources.

Arabidopsis Proteins↗
PubMed2004

The effect of initial stimulus type for visual reinforcement audiometry.

Visual reinforcement audiometry (VRA) is routinely used with infants to assess hearing level. It is an operant procedure based on the association of auditory and visual stimuli. There are several recommended test procedures for VRA. One clinical VRA procedure involves presenting the initial auditory stimulus without activation of the visual reward. If the infant generates a head orientation response, the visual reward is then activated. The aim of this study was to investigate the unconditioned response rates (head orientation towards loudspeaker) to two different sound-field-presented stimuli, 1000-Hz narrowband noise (NBN) and 1000-Hz frequency-modulated tones (FMTs), using this VRA procedure. For each stimulus type, 100 infants presenting for VRA were assessed (age range 6-30 months, mean age 13 months). Of the infants presented with NBN, 69% responded, compared to 25% of infants presented with FMTs. Chi-squared analysis revealed a highly significant statistical difference in favour of NBN. In conclusion, this study demonstrated the effectiveness of using a 1000-Hz NBN stimulus over a 1000-Hz FMT stimulus in securing an unconditioned head orientation response in infants presenting for VRA.

Audiometry↗
PubMed2004

A structured mutant population for forward and reverse genetics in Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.).

Two large-scale ethylmethanesulfonate (EMS) mutant populations from barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cv. Optic have been developed to promote both forward and reverse genetics in this crop. Leaf material and seed from approximately 20 000 M(2) plants were individually harvested, freeze-dried and archived. DNA was isolated from 9216 plants from the 20 and 30 mm EMS treatments and assembled into 1152 eight-plant pools. To facilitate PCR-based mutation scanning an approach has been employed that combines cleavage of heteroduplexes using the Cel nuclease (Cel I), post-cleavage intercalating dye labeling and the subsequent detection of cleaved products on a Transgenomic WAVE-HS. The populations were evaluated by screening for induced mutations in two genes of interest and the induced mutations were validated by sequence analysis. To enhance the screening process, 12-16 M(3) progeny from each of the M(2) plants were assessed for visible phenotypes and the data entered into a web accessible database (http://bioinf.scri.sari.ac.uk/distilling/distilling.html).

Base Pair Mismatch↗
PubMed2003

Plant snoRNA database.

The Plant snoRNA database (http://www.scri.sari.ac.uk/plant_snoRNA/) provides information on small nucleolar RNAs from Arabidopsis and eighteen other plant species. Information includes sequences, expression data, methylation and pseudouridylation target modification sites, initial gene organization (polycistronic, single gene and intronic) and the number of gene variants. The Arabidopsis information is divided into box C/D and box H/ACA snoRNAs, and within each of these groups, by target sites in rRNA, snRNA or unknown. Alignments of orthologous genes and gene variants from different plant species are available for many snoRNA genes. Plant snoRNA genes have been given a standard nomenclature, designed wherever possible, to provide a consistent identity with yeast and human orthologues.

Arabidopsis↗
PubMed2003

Awakening to the behavioral analysis of sleep in Drosophila.

Perhaps the most observable of the many circadian oscillations that have been described in both vertebrate and invertebrate animals is the daily alterations in periods of rest and activity. Recent studies in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster suggest that these periods of inactivity are not simply rest but share many of the fundamental components that define mammalian sleep. Thus, quiescent episodes are characterized by reduced awareness of the environment and are homeostatically regulated. Although this field is in its infancy, recent studies have focused on the interaction between circadian and homeostatic processes. These results indicate that components of the circadian clock may play a substantial role in mechanisms underlying sleep homeostasis at the molecular level. In this article, the author reviews recent advances obtained using Drosophila as a model system to elucidate fundamental components of sleep regulation.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Iterative high-throughput polymorphism studies on acetaminophen and an experimentally derived structure for form III.

Three crystal forms of acetaminophen were prepared and characterized using a newly developed high-throughput crystallization platform, CrystalMax. The platform consists of design software, robotic sample dispensing and handling, and high-throughput microanalytics and is capable of running thousands of crystallizations in parallel using several different methods to drive supersaturation and subsequent crystallization. Additionally, structural models of the elusive third form of acetaminophen will be discussed on the basis of powder X-ray diffraction data. One structure suggested has a bilayer motif, held together by O-H...O(H) hydrogen bonds, and helps explain the difficulty associated with preparing this form from solution.

Acetaminophen↗