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Peng-Hui Wang

Publications and source records attributed to Peng-Hui Wang.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Intractable hiccups as an unusual presentation of a uterine leiomyoma: a case report.

BACKGROUND: Hiccups, or singultus, are an abrupt, intense contraction of the inspiratory muscles accompanied by closure of the glottis and are experienced by most people. people. CASE: A 41-year-old woman with a large uterine myoma presented with recurrent and intractable hiccup boutsfor 1 year. The hiccups resolved spontaneously after hysterectomy. CONCLUSION: A uterine leiomyoma, especially the subserosal type, might become a possible etiology of hiccups when large enough to cause irritation of the vagus or phrenic nerve.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Subfertility and defective folliculogenesis in female mice lacking androgen receptor.

The roles of the androgen receptor (AR) in female fertility and ovarian function remain largely unknown. Here we report on the generation of female mice lacking AR (AR(-/-)) and the resulting influences on the reproductive system. Female AR(-/-) mice appear normal but show longer estrous cycles and reduced fertility. The ovaries from sexually mature AR(-/-) females exhibited a marked reduction in the number of corpora lutea. After superovulation treatment, the AR(-/-) ovaries produced fewer oocytes and also showed fewer corpora lutea. During the periovulatory period, an intensive granulosa apoptosis event occurs in the AR(-/-) preovulatory follicles, concurrent with the down-regulation of p21 and progesterone receptor expression. Furthermore, the defective conformation of the cumulus cell-oocyte complex from the AR(-/-) females implies a lower fertilization capability of the AR(-/-) oocytes. In addition to insufficient progesterone production, the diminished endometrial growth in uteri in response to exogenous gonadotropins indicates that AR(-/-) females exhibit a luteal phase defect. Taken together, these data provide in vivo evidence showing that AR plays an important role in female reproduction.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Combining the uterine depletion procedure and myomectomy may be useful for treating symptomatic fibroids.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the therapeutic results of premyomectomy uterine depletion for the treatment of symptomatic fibroids, compared with myomectomy only. DESIGN: Controlled, clinical study without randomization. SETTING: University-affiliated tertiary referral center. PATIENT(S): Four hundred eighty-six women with symptomatic fibroids warranting surgical treatment and who wished to retain their uteri. INTERVENTION(S): Ligation of the uterine arteries was performed by either an abdominal or a laparoscopic approach before myomectomy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative improvement of symptoms, and recurrence rates of fibroids. RESULT(S): Of 342 women with pathology-confirmed fibroids who were included in the study, 108 received myomectomy only (group I), and 234 underwent the uterine depletion procedure followed by myomectomy (group II). Average blood loss was 250 +/- 132.5 mL for group I and 50 +/- 26.9 mL for group II. For patients with menorrhagia, 79 (84%) of 94 women in group I experienced complete resolution; all of the 194 women (100%) in group II had resolution within 2 months of surgery. The recurrence rate of ultrasound-confirmed fibroids was 19.4% (21 of 108) in group I and 0% in group II. Of the sexually active patients who were not using contraception, 50% (49 of 98) in group I and 37.5% (15 of 40) in group II had a live birth. CONCLUSION(S): This study demonstrates the value of uterine depletion before myomectomy for the management of patients with symptomatic fibroids. The procedure reduced blood loss during the operation, resulted in complete resolution of fibroid-related menorrhagia, and has the potential to prevent fibroid recurrence. Fertility capacity was apparently not compromised by this new treatment approach.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Human checkpoint protein hRad9 functions as a negative coregulator to repress androgen receptor transactivation in prostate cancer cells.

Positive responses to combined androgen elimination therapy and radiation therapy have been well documented in the treatment of prostate cancer patients. The detailed mechanisms how androgen-androgen receptor (AR) cross talks to the radiation-related signal pathways, however, remain largely unknown. Here we report the identification of hRad9, a key member of the checkpoint Rad protein family, as a coregulator to suppress androgen-AR transactivation in prostate cancer cells. In vivo and in vitro interaction assays using Saccharomyces cerevisiae two-hybrid, mammalian two-hybrid, glutathione S-transferase pull-down, and coimmunoprecipitation methods prove that AR can interact with the C terminus of hRad9 via its ligand binding domain. The FXXLF motif within the C terminus of hRad9 interrupts the androgen-induced interaction between the N terminus and C terminus of AR. This interaction between AR and hRad9 may result in the suppression of AR transactivation, demonstrated by the repressed AR transactivation in androgen-induced luciferase reporter assay and the reduced endogenous prostate-specific antigen expression in Western blot assay. Addition of small interfering RNA of hRad9 can reverse hRad9 suppression effects, which suggests that hRad9 functions as a repressor of AR transactivation in vivo. Together, our data provide the first linkage between androgen-AR signals and radiation-induced responses. Further studies of the influence of hRad9 on prostate cancer growth may provide potential new therapeutic approaches.

Amino Acid Motifs↗
PubMed2003

Abnormal mammary gland development and growth retardation in female mice and MCF7 breast cancer cells lacking androgen receptor.

Phenotype analysis of female mice lacking androgen receptor (AR) deficient (AR-/-) indicates that the development of mammary glands is retarded with reduced ductal branching in the prepubertal stages, and fewer Cap cells in the terminal end buds, as well as decreased lobuloalveolar development in adult females, and fewer milk-producing alveoli in the lactating glands. The defective development of AR-/- mammary glands involves the defects of insulin-like growth factor I-insulin-like growth factor I receptor and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signals as well as estrogen receptor (ER) activity. Similar growth retardation and defects in growth factor-mediated Ras/Raf/MAPK cascade and ER signaling are also found in AR-/- MCF7 breast cancer cells. The restoration assays show that AR NH2-terminal/DNA-binding domain, but not the ligand-binding domain, is essential for normal MAPK function in MCF7 cells, and an AR mutant (R608K), found in male breast cancer, is associated with the excessive activation of MAPK. Together, our data provide the first in vivo evidence showing that AR-mediated MAPK and ER activation may play important roles for mammary gland development and MCF7 breast cancer cell proliferation.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Disruption of TR4 orphan nuclear receptor reduces the expression of liver apolipoprotein E/C-I/C-II gene cluster.

Apolipoprotein E (apoE) is synthesized in many tissues, and the liver is the primary site from which apoE redistributes cholesterol and other lipids to peripheral tissues. Here we demonstrate that the TR4 orphan nuclear receptor (TR4) can induce apoE expression in HepG2 cells. This TR4-mediated regulation of apoE gene expression was further confirmed in vivo using TR4 knockout mice. Both serum apoE protein and liver apoE mRNA levels were significantly reduced in TR4 knockout mice. Gel shift and luciferase reporter gene assays further demonstrated that TR4 can induce apoE gene expression via a TR4 response element located in the hepatic control region that is 15 kb downstream of the apoE gene. Furthermore our in vivo data from TR4 knockout mice prove that TR4 can also regulate apolipoprotein C-I and C-II gene expression via the TR4 response element within the hepatic control region. Together our data show that loss of TR4 down-regulates expression of the apoE/C-I/C-II gene cluster in liver cells, demonstrating important roles of TR4 in the modulation of lipoprotein metabolism.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Interleukin-6 differentially regulates androgen receptor transactivation via PI3K-Akt, STAT3, and MAPK, three distinct signal pathways in prostate cancer cells.

The effects of IL-6 on prostate cancer cells are well documented yet remain controversial. Some reports suggested that IL-6 could promote prostate cancer cell growth, while others showed that IL-6 could repress prostate cancer cell growth. Here, we systemically examined various IL-6 signaling pathways in prostate cancer cells and found that IL-6 could go through at least three distinct pathways to modulate the functions of androgen receptor (AR), a key transcriptional factor to control the prostate cancer growth. Our results show that IL-6 can enhance AR transactivation via either the STAT3 or MAPK pathways. In contrast, IL-6 can suppress AR transactivation via the PI3K-Akt pathway. Co-existence of these various signaling pathways may result in either additive or conflicting effects on AR transactivation. Together, our results indicate that the balance of these various pathways may then determine the overall effect of IL-6 on AR transactivation.

DNA-Binding Proteins↗
PubMed2003

High cyclooxygenase-2 expression in cervical adenocarcinomas.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression and prognostic factors in cervical carcinomas. METHODS: We studied COX-2 expression in 53 women with cervical cancers, including 35 squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs), 1 adenosquamous cell carcinoma (ASCC), and 17 adenocarcinomas (ACs), using commercially available polyclonal antibodies on Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues. Normal cervical tissues were obtained as from other patients with uterine myomas treated with a total hysterectomy (n = 16). The immunoreactivity was quantified using an immunohistochemical scoring system that approximates the use of an image analysis-based system. RESULTS: Twenty-two cervical cancer tissues (41.5%), including 10 SCCs and 12 ACs, expressed COX-2 at a moderate to strong level, which significantly, differed from the negligible expression found in the control group of 16 normal cervical tissues (P = 0.001). Different cell types showed significantly different expression levels of COX-2 (SCC at 28.6% vs AC at 70.6%, P = 0.004). The presence of deep stromal invasion (n = 40) showed a significant inverse relationship to COX-2 expression (32.5% vs 69.2%, P = 0.02). The expression of COX-2 in well-differentiated carcinomas was significantly increased compared to that in moderately and poorly differentiated carcinomas (72.7% vs 33.3%, respectively, P = 0.018). CONCLUSIONS: Overexpression of COX-2 was found in both SCC and AC, but SCCs showed infrequent and low expression. These findings suggest that increased COX-2 expression may play an important role in cervical adenocarcinomas.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2003

Comparison of laparoscopy and laparotomy in managing hemodynamically stable patients with ruptured corpus luteum with hemoperitoneum.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To compare differences between laparoscopy and laparotomy in managing women ruptured corpus luteum with hemoperitoneum. DESIGN: Three-year, prospective, nonrandomized study (Canadian Task Force classification II-2). SETTING: University-affiliated regional hospital. PATIENTS: Sixty hemodynamically stable women. INTERVENTION: Laparoscopic surgery (30 women) and laparotomy (30). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Laparoscopic surgery had significant advantages over laparotomy, including shorter hospital stay (55.33 +/- 7.67 vs 97.77 +/- 14.45 hrs, p < 0.001) without increased adverse events. Laparoscopic surgery also showed trends of shorter operating time, improved wound care, and less postoperative pain. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopy surgery for diagnosis and treatment of women with ruptured hemorrhagic corpus luteum appears superior to laparotomy. We suggest that surgeons try laparoscopy first as a diagnostic and probably therapeutic procedure.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Migraine prevalence during menopausal transition.

BACKGROUND: The effect of menopausal transition on the frequency of migraine has never been the focus of a community-based study. METHODS: A cross-sectional community-based survey was undertaken among Chinese women aged 40 to 54 years in Kinmen, Taiwan. Neurologists diagnosed migraine based on the 1988 International Headache Society classification criteria. Menstrual history including a past or current history of premenstrual syndrome was obtained. Serum levels of estradiol and follicle-stimulating hormone were measured. RESULTS: The 1-year prevalence of migraine was 16.5% in the 1436 participants. Among the women who had not had hysterectomies and did not report symptoms of premenstrual syndrome, migraine prevalence did not vary according to menopausal status. In contrast, in women with self-reported premenstrual syndrome, menopausal status was a factor in migraine prevalence: the late perimenopausal group had the highest prevalence (31%) and the spontaneous menopausal group had the lowest (7%). Among all menopausal groups, women who had had hysterectomies reported the highest migraine prevalence (27%), with the highest occurring in those with premenstrual syndrome (44%). The presence of low estrogen (<50 pg/mL) and high follicle-stimulating hormone levels (>30 mIU/mL) was associated with lower migraine prevalence, even in the premenopausal and early perimenopausal women. CONCLUSIONS: Our data supported the clinical impression that migraine prevalence increases before menopause and declines after spontaneous menopause. However, in this study, this trend occurred only in women with increased vulnerability to hormonal change, such as those with premenstrual syndrome. The presence of low estrogen and high follicle-stimulating hormone levels predicted lower migraine prevalence, whereas a history of hysterectomy was related to higher prevalence.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Pregnancy following treatment of symptomatic myomas with laparoscopic bipolar coagulation of uterine vessels.

BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic bipolar coagulation of uterine vessels (LBCUV) has been employed for women with symptomatic uterine myomas, but its effect on subsequent pregnancy has not been characterized. METHODS: Four-hundred and twenty-three women entered the study between March 1999 and December 2001. Of these, 142 women (33.6%) were under the age of 40 years at the time of LBCUV, 36 of whom (36/142, 25.3%) were sexually active without contraception. In a prospective study of 142 patients (<40 years old) undergoing LBCUV for symptomatic myomas, 15 women became pregnant (17 total pregnancies) and were evaluated by physical and ultrasound examinations. RESULTS: The volume of the dominant myoma was 117.4 +/- 118.4 and 36.8 +/- 56.8 cm(3) before and after LBCUV respectively. Volume of the dominant myoma after pregnancy was 46.2 +/- 76.7 cm(3) (mean +/- SD). There was a significant difference in myoma volume before and after LBCUV (P = 0.002), but no significant difference in myoma volume when comparing post-partum size with post-LBCUV size (P = 0.269). Pregnancy outcomes included seven miscarriages in the first trimester and one premature rupture of membrane (PPROM). Although the other pregnancies were regarded as uncomplicated, only two women were delivered of normal neonates as the other seven pregnancies were terminated secondary to patient request. CONCLUSIONS: The pregnancy and term pregnancy rates in sexually active women without contraception were 41.6% (15/36) and 5.6% (2/36) respectively. Because a relatively high rate (7/17, 41.2%) of early miscarriages was observed, we recommend that this procedure be employed only for women who do not desire additional children.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed2003

Wound endometriosis: risk factor evaluation and treatment.

BACKGROUND: Wound endometriosis is still a rare phenomenon. In this study, we tried to identify its risk factors and presented our experience in managing such disease. METHODS: We studied twenty-three women with pathologically confirmed wound endometriosis after surgery between January 1990 and June 1999 retrospectively. RESULTS: Patients were classified to three groups according to the types of operations including obstetric surgery (n = 6186), gynecologic surgery (n = 3231) and laparoscopic procedures (n = 2184), which made a significant difference in the occurrence rate of endometriosis (p = 0.04): 2.7 per 1000 obstetric surgeries, 1.5 per 1000 cases of gynecologic surgeries, and 0.5 per 1000 laparoscopic procedures. Obstetric surgery showed the relative risk of occurrence of wound endometriosis 7.71 (95%: 1.03-57.92) compared with laparoscopic procedures. The median time for occurrence of wound endometriosis in patients with normal preoperative CA-125 (< 15 mIU/ml), 760 days, was significantly longer than that in patients with abnormal preoperative CA-125 (> 15 mIU/ml) of 496 days (p = 0.03). Preoperative CA-125 level, patient's age, preoperative extent of endometriosis, or operative time made no significant contributions to the occurrence of wound endometriosis. Combination therapy of surgical excision and postoperative adjuvant therapy of GnRH-agonist or Danazol showed the better prognosis because it could decrease the recurrence of wound endometriosis (42.9% versus 11%, p = 0.01). CONCLUSION: Obstetric surgery may be an important risk factor in contributing to wound endometriosis, and the aggressive behavior of endometriosis itself might also be a possible risk factor because it shortens the time of occurrence of wound endometriosis after surgery. Therapy might be dependent on individuals. Surgical excision with postoperative adjuvant therapy of either GnRH-agonist or Danazol might be valid, although its effectiveness needed proven in the future.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Acute urinary retention after use of assisted reproductive technology. A report of 2 cases.

BACKGROUND: Urinary retention in women is an unusual occurrence. Various conditions can cause it, including surgery, childbirth, pelvic masses, procidentia, vulva hematoma, incarceration of a gravid uterus, urologic disease, neurogenic disease and psychiatric disorders. CASES: Two infertile women underwent assisted reproductive technology (ART) and luteal-phase support during which acute urinary retention occurred. The patients were evaluated by means of physical examination, urodynamic study and determination of serum progesterone levels. Bladder distention was found during luteal-phase support. Urodynamic studies revealed detrusor areflexia. Serial serum progesterone levels were > 100 ng/mL. CONCLUSION: Cases of acute urine retention during luteal-phase support are rarely reported. Urine retention should be considered in the differential diagnosis when abdominal pain occurs after patients undergo ART. Transient elevation of the progesterone level may be the cause of the acute urine retention.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2002

Detecting cytokeratin 19 mRNA in the peripheral blood cells of cervical cancer patients and its clinical-pathological correlation.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to study the presence of cytokeratin 19 (CK19)-expressing cancer cells in the blood of preoperative patients with FIGO stage Ib and IIb cervical cancers who received radical hysterectomy and to investigate the cells' clinical significance. METHODS: CK19 mRNA in the blood cells of the patients was detected preoperatively by a newly designed nested reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, which excluded pseudogenes a and b, performed on 84 patients with stage Ib and IIb cervical carcinoma. Possible correlations between clinicopathological factors were then analyzed. RESULTS: The sensitivity of this assay was 1 CK19-mRNA-positive cell per 10(6) peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Results showed that 21.4% of the 84 patients with cervical carcinoma had CK19-mRNA-positive cells in the blood, in comparison with 5.7% of the 35 patients with benign gynecological tumors and 0% of the 28 healthy controls (P = 0.037 and 0.006, respectively). The positive tests in the cervical cancer patients were not associated with prognostic factors including stage, pelvic lymph node metastasis, pathological types, bulky tumor size (> or =4 cm), differentiation, parametrial extension, lymphovascular space involvement, deep stromal invasion, or age. CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed the presence of circulating CK19-expressing cancer cells in the blood of patients with untreated early-stage cervical carcinomas, indicating that cervical cancer disseminated early. The survival effect of this phenomenon must be clarified. This detection assay provides an early checkpoint in the multistep process for developing metastasis in cervical cancer patients.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Expression of sialyltransferase family members in cervix squamous cell carcinoma correlates with lymph node metastasis.

OBJECTIVE: Altered messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression of the four sialyltransferases (STs including ST3Gal I, ST3Gal III, ST3Gal IV, and ST6Gal I) is important in squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. This study further investigates their changes in mRNA expression of the four STs in FIGO stage IB1 squamous cell carcinoma to assess the extent of sialylation associated with lymph node metastases. METHODS: Alterations in ST mRNA expression in FIGO IB1 cervical squamous cell carcinomas (n = 79) were examined by semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Both ST6Gal I mRNA and ST3Gal III mRNA expressions were significantly increased in patients with lymph node metastases compared to those without lymph node metastases (P = 0.002 and P = 0.001, respectively, Mann-Whitney U test). Using receiver operating characteristic curves of ST ratio index for accuracy comparison of lymph node metastases, ST3Gal III and ST6Gal I were observed to be fairly interchangeable (area under the curve (AUC) of 3Gal I = 0.810; AUC of 6Gal I = 0.786, significance of difference between AUC = 0.810). High ST6Gal I expression was associated with other invasive properties of cervical cancer, such as deep stromal invasion and presence of lymph-vascular space involvement. ST6Gal I expression seemed to be more enhanced in bigger tumors. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggested that ST3Gal III and ST6Gal I were of importance for the lymph node metastases in FIGO IB1 cervical cancer patients; more specifically, overexpression of ST6Gal I was of crucial relevance for the presence of poor prognostic factors, such as deep stromal invasion and lymph-vascular space involvement and lymph node metastases.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed2002

Early pregnancy uninterrupted by laparoscopic bipolar coagulation of uterine vessels.

Laparoscopic bipolar coagulation of uterine vessels (LBCUV) is reported to treat clinically symptomatic myomas that caused severe menorrhagia, but the viability of pregnancy after operation is unknown. A woman with clinically diagnosed uterine myomas, possibly with adenomyosis, had unexpected early pregnancy diagnosed at the time of LBCUV. The procedure resulted in improvement of menorrhagia to normal menstruation and reductions in the volume of both uterus and myomas. The intrauterine pregnancy was terminated at the woman's request. Pregnancy may be possible after LBCUV, although none has been reported.

Adult↗