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Biomedical subjects

Peter Geisler

Publications and source records attributed to Peter Geisler.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

The influence of age and sex on sleep latency in the MSLT-30--a normative study.

STUDY OBJECTIVES: The Multiple Sleep Latency Test-30 (MSLT-30) is a variation of the Multiple Sleep Latency Test with a fixed duration of 30 minutes for each of 5 test sessions. It requires less effort for reliable recording and is not susceptible to on-line scoring errors. The aim of the study was to provide normative data for the clinical use of the MSLT-30 and to evaluate the influence of age, sex, and other sociodemographic variables. DESIGN: An MSLT-30, along with measures of mood, objective, and subjective sleepiness was performed in a sample of healthy subjects in a balanced quota design. SETTING: Sleep laboratory in a sleep disorders center. PARTICIPANTS: One hundred subjects with no complaint of sleep disturbance or daytime sleepiness, 10 men and 10 women each from 5 age decades from 20 to 69 years. INTERVENTIONS: None. RESULTS: Mean latency to sleep stage 1 or any other sleep stage was 13.9 +/- 6.9 minutes. The SL-30 showed a clear quadratic association with age, with the shortest latencies in the middle age groups. No correlation was found between the mean latency to sleep stage 1 or any other sleep stage and sociodemographic variables or other measures of daytime sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness Scale, vigilance test), mood scales, sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), and amount of prior sleep. CONCLUSIONS: Sleep latencies in normal subjects are age dependent in a quadratic fashion, with a minimum in middle-aged subjects. This reconciles the findings of a long mean sleep latency in the MSLT of adolescents and of an increase on the mean sleep latency with age in adults.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Morphological changes of the posterior airway space after tongue base suspension.

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: The objectives were 1) to demonstrate the efficacy of tongue base suspension with the Repose System in modifying the posterior airway space on the basis of morphological changes in the retrolingual space and 2) to determine the implications of this procedure for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome on polysomnographic and psychometric data. STUDY DESIGN: A prospective, nonrandomized study. METHODS: Polysomnography was performed before as well as 3 and 12 months after surgery in patients undergoing tongue base suspension using the Repose System. To identify morphological changes in the posterior airway space, lateral cephalometric radiography and videoendoscopy of the pharynx were performed preoperatively and postoperatively. Twenty-eight male patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome were included in the study. A suspension suture anchored intraorally at the mandible was passed submucosally in the body of the tongue, with suture tightness adjusted individually. RESULTS: The posterior airway space was widened by at least 2 mm in 60% of cases. Daytime sleepiness improved subjectively in 67% of patients, and the respiratory disturbance index improved postoperatively in 55%. The correlation between posterior airway space widening and the improvements in daytime sleepiness and respiratory disturbance index was not significant. CONCLUSION: Surgical intervention in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome with the Repose System does not result in permanent anatomical change in the posterior airway space.

Bone Screws↗
PubMed2004

Bilateral thalamic gray matter changes in patients with restless legs syndrome.

Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a common neurological disorder of a primary unpleasant sensation with an urge to move the legs occurring at rest. The etiology of idiopathic RLS is unknown and structural cerebral abnormalities have so far not been detected. We studied 51 right-handed patients with an idiopathic restless legs syndrome in two independent samples (Regensburg RLS-group: n = 28, Munich RLS-group: n = 23) and compared them to 51 sex- and age-matched healthy volunteers. High-resolution T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of each subject was obtained and analyzed using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) to detect regionally specific differences in gray matter between patients and controls. Conjunction analysis was used to combine results from both centers. In patients with idiopathic RLS, both study centers observed independently a bilateral gray matter increase in the pulvinar. In the conjunction analysis including all patients and controls from both study centers, a significant gray matter increase in the pulvinar bilaterally (right: x = 16, y = -21, z = 12, Z = 4.57; left: x = -16, y = -24, z = 12, Z = 4.10) was present. This is the first demonstration of structural changes in the brain of patients with idiopathic RLS. These changes in thalamic structures are either involved in the pathogenesis of RLS or may reflect a consequence of chronic increase in afferent input of behaviorally relevant information.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Experience with zolpidem 'as needed' in primary care settings.

'As needed' non-nightly intake of hypnotic agents by patients suffering from chronic insomnia is likely to offer benefits such as maintained efficacy while preventing unnecessary long-term nightly use associated with the risk of tolerance and dependence. To date, three studies have proven the 'as needed' approach with zolpidem in patients with primary insomnia treated in outpatient practice. In total, more than 3000 primary care patients, proved that flexible or semi-flexible schedules of zolpidem 'as needed' treatment are feasible. In all the studies, 'as needed' zolpidem treatment was both effective and well tolerated by the patients. Moreover, the results of these studies clearly indicated that chronic insomniac patients are capable of limiting their hypnotic intake, showing no tendency to increase intake over time and even a trend to decreasing use of medication.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed2003

[Diagnostic Spectrum and Filtration Function of Outpatient Sleep Clinics]

In a prospective study all first admittances into the outpatient sleep clinics of the Bezirksklinikum Regensburg and the BKH Wöllershof within 6 months were studied. Data of 212 patients (66 % men, median age 51 years, ages from 7 to 88 years) were collected and evaluated. In over 40 % of the cases the symptoms had persisted for more than 5 years. The most common main diagnoses were: obstructive sleep apnea (34 %), psychophysiological insomnia (21 %), restless-legs-syndrome including periodic leg movement in sleep (15 %) and sleeping disorders in the context of affective disorders (8,5 %). After ambulatory diagnostics 56 % were referred to the sleep laboratory within the same hospital, 5 % were referred to other sleep laboratories, 22 % were treated on an outpatient basis, 7,5 % received somatic or psychiatric treatment and only 7 % of the patients did not need further treatment. Therefore the function of an outpatient sleep clinic as a filter for further treatment can be proven.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2003

[Diagnostic spectrum and filter function of ambulatory sleep centers].

In a prospective study all first admittances into the outpatient sleep clinics of the Bezirksklinikum Regensburg and the BKH W-ilershof within 6 months were studied. Data of 212 patients (66% men, median age 51 years, ages from 7 to 88 years) were collected and evaluated. In over 40% of the cases the symptoms had persisted for more than 5 years. The most common main diagnoses were: obstructive sleep apnea (34%), psychophysiological insomnia (21%), restless-legs-syndrome including periodic leg movement in sleep (15%) and sleeping disorders in the context of affective disorders (8.5%). After ambulatory diagnostics 56% were referred to the sleep laboratory within the same hospital, 5% were referred to other sleep laboratories, 22% were treated on an outpatient basis, 7.5% received somatic or psychiatric treatment and only 7% of the patients did not need further treatment. Therefore the function of an outpatient sleep clinic as a filter for further treatment can be proven.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The influence of polysomnography on the Multiple Sleep Latency Test and other measures of daytime sleepiness.

INTRODUCTION: According to its guidelines, the Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT) should be performed following an all-night polysomnography (PSG). However, the sleep quality and consequently the MSLT results may be affected by PSG and by the fact that a subject sleeps under unfamiliar conditions. The aim of this study was to examine whether PSG performed in a sleep laboratory has any influence on the MSLT and other measures of daytime sleepiness. METHODS: Twenty healthy subjects with a mean age of 35.9+/-10.1 years underwent two MSLT examinations, and the 2 examination days were at least 4 weeks apart. In addition, on each occasion a monotonous vigilance task (VT) was performed and the subjects were asked to fill out the Epworth Sleepiness (ESS) and Visual Analogue Scales (VAS). In a cross-over design, a group of 10 subjects underwent a MSLT (MSLT-P) following a PSG and, on a second occasion, a MSLT (MSLT-N) was performed without a prior PSG. Vice versa, a second group of 10 subjects underwent first MSLT-N and then MSLT-P. RESULTS: None of the MSLT parameters differed significantly between MSLT-P and MSLT-N. The other measures of daytime sleepiness (VT, ESS, VAS) also showed no evidence of significant differences between days with and without a prior PSG. CONCLUSIONS: The results of MSLT and other measures of daytime sleepiness in healthy subjects are not influenced by the fact whether or not the subjects had a PSG the night prior to MSLT.

Adult↗