Biomedical subjects

Peter Kämpfer

Publications and source records attributed to Peter Kämpfer.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2007

Description of Sphingosinicella xenopeptidilytica sp. nov., a beta-peptide-degrading species, and emended descriptions of the genus Sphingosinicella and the species Sphingosinicella microcystinivorans.

A Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium, strain 3-2W4(T), was isolated from the aeration tank of a wastewater treatment plant in Zurich and was found to have the exceptional capacity to degrade synthetic beta-peptides. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain 3-2W4(T) is closely related to Sphingosinicella microcystinivorans Y2(T), but DNA-DNA hybridization experiments between these two strains revealed that they belong to two different species. The two strains displayed different fingerprints after PCR analysis using the repetitive primers BOX, ERIC and REP. Strain 3-2W4(T) did not degrade microcystin, which is a characteristic trait of Sphingosinicella microcystinivorans Y2(T). Like Sphingosinicella microcystinivorans Y2(T), strain 3-2W4(T) had the following characteristics: fatty acids comprising mainly C(18 : 1)omega7c, summed feature 3 (C(16 : 1)omega7c and/or iso-C(15 : 0) 2-OH) and C(16 : 0), the presence of ubiquinone Q-10 and sym-homospermidine as the predominant polyamine compound. The polar lipid profiles of the two strains were almost identical, consisting of phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and sphingoglycolipid. Strain 3-2W4(T) and Sphingosinicella microcystinivorans Y2(T) utilized the beta-peptides H-betahVal-betahAla-betahLeu-OH and H-betahAla-betahLeu-OH as sole carbon and energy sources and shared beta-peptidyl aminopeptidase activity in common, which distinguishes them from Sphingomonas and Sphingopyxis type strains. On the basis of these results, strain 3-2W4(T) represents a novel species of the genus Sphingosinicella, for which the name Sphingosinicella xenopeptidilytica sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 3-2W4(T) (=DSM 17130(T)=CCUG 52537(T)). The descriptions of the genus Sphingosinicella and the species Sphingosinicella microcystinivorans are emended.

Aminopeptidases↗

PubMed2006

Rapid method for detection of Salmonella in milk by surface plasmon resonance (SPR).

The Plasmonic surface plasmon resonance (SPR) device was used to develop a rapid, simple and specific immunoassay for detection of Salmonella in milk. Rapid detection of Salmonella contamination is a major challenge for the food industry. Salmonella contamination is well known in all foods including pasteurised milk. The SPR assay was developed as a sandwich model using a polyclonal antibody against Salmonella as capture and detection antibody. Milk spiked with Salmonella typhimurium cells, killed by thimerosal (1%, w/w) treatment was used. Using the Plasmonic SPR assay it was possible to detect S. typhimurium down to a concentration of 1.25 x 10(5) cells ml(-1) in both milk and buffer system. The results obtained are comparable with existing, approved rapid Salmonella detection techniques. No negative effects on the sensitivity of the assay are encountered due to the milk matrix. Hence, no sample preparation or clean-up steps are required. The sample volume requirement for the assay is only 10 microl. Using the assay S. typhimurium was detected in milk within 1h, whereas the cultural techniques require 3-4 days for presumptive positive isolates and further time for confirmation. The rapid tests require at least 24h for the results. The Plasmonic SPR device operates on the Kretschmann configuration and is a cuvette-based system with the advantage of having eight channels on one single SPR chip.

Animals↗

PubMed2006

Occurrence of rhizobia in the gut of the higher termite Nasutitermes nigriceps.

Wood-eating termites feed on a diet highly deficient in nitrogen. They must complement their diet with the aid of nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Nitrogen fixation in the gut has been demonstrated, but information about nitrogen-fixing bacteria in pure culture is scarce. From the higher termite Nasutitermes nigriceps the symbiotic bacterial strain M3A was isolated, which thrives in the hindgut contents. The Gram-negative strain exhibited similarities to the species of the genus Ensifer (including Sinorhizobium) on the basis of morphological and physiological/biochemical features. The 16S rRNA gene analysis showed the highest sequence similarity of the isolate M3A to Ensifer adhaerens (>99%; ATCC 33499). The DNA-DNA hybridization revealed a similarity of 66% with E. adhaerens (NCIMB12342(T)). In contrast to the type strain the isolate M3A possesses the capacity to nodulate plant roots. This is the first report on the detailed identification of a rhizobia-related strain from the intestinal tract of animals. Strain M3A has been deposited with two culture collections (DSM10169; ATCC BAA-396).

Animals↗

PubMed2006

Herminiimonas aquatilis sp. nov., a new species from drinking water.

A bacterial strain (CCUG 36956T) isolated from drinking water was taxonomically studied in detail. Phylogenetic analyses using the 16S rRNA gene sequence of the isolate indicated that it belongs to family Oxalobacteraceae of the beta-subclass of the Proteobacteria, with the highest sequence similarity of 99.3% to the type strain of Herminiimonas fonticola. In the polyamine pattern putrescine and 2-hydroxyputrescine were the predominant compounds. In the polar lipid profile major compounds were phosphatidyl ethanolamine and diphosphatidyl glycerol. Phosphatidyl glycerol and an unknown phospholipid were detected in moderate proportions. The major respiratory quinone was a ubiquinone Q-8 and the major whole cell fatty acids were 16:1 omega7c, 17:1 omega6c, and 16:0. The strain also contained 10:0 3-OH and other fatty acids typical for members of the genus Herminiimonas. The results of DNA-DNA hybridizations and physiological and biochemical tests allowed genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of strain CCUG 36956T from H. fonticola. For this reason, we propose that strain CCUG 36956T represents a new species of the genus Herminiimonas for which we propose the name Herminiimonas aquatilis sp. nov.

Bacterial Typing Techniques↗

PubMed2006

Denitratisoma oestradiolicum gen. nov., sp. nov., a 17beta-oestradiol-degrading, denitrifying betaproteobacterium.

A Gram-negative, motile, denitrifying bacterium (strain AcBE2-1(T)) was isolated from activated sludge of a municipal wastewater treatment plant using 17beta-oestradiol (E2) as sole source of carbon and energy. Cells were curved rods, 0.4-0.8 x 0.8-2.0 microm in size, non-fermentative, non-spore-forming, oxidase-positive and catalase-negative. E2 was oxidized completely to carbon dioxide and water by reduction of nitrate to a mixture of dinitrogen monoxide and dinitrogen, with the intermediate accumulation of nitrite. Electron recoveries were between 90 and 100 %, taking assimilated E2 into account. With nitrate as the electron acceptor, the bacterium also grew on fatty acids (C(2) to C(6)), isobutyrate, crotonate, dl-lactate, pyruvate, fumarate and succinate. Phylogenetic analysis of its 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that strain AcBE2-1(T) represents a separate line of descent within the family Rhodocyclaceae (Betaproteobacteria). The closest relatives are the cholesterol-degrading, denitrifying bacteria Sterolibacterium denitrificans DSM 13999(T) and strain 72Chol (=DSM 12783), with <93.9 % sequence similarity. The G+C content of the DNA was 61.4 mol%. Detection of a quinone system with ubiquinone Q-8 as the predominant compound and a fatty acid profile that included high concentrations of C(16 : 1)omega7c/iso-C(15 : 0) 2-OH and C(16 : 0), in addition to C(18 : 1)omega7c and small amounts of C(8 : 0) 3-OH, supported the results of the phylogenetic analysis. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence data in combination with chemotaxonomic and physiological data, strain AcBE2-1(T) (=DSM 16959(T)=JCM 12830(T)) is placed in a new genus Denitratisoma gen. nov. as the type strain of the type species Denitratisoma oestradiolicum gen. nov., sp. nov.

Base Composition↗

PubMed2006

Rubellimicrobium thermophilum gen. nov., sp. nov., a red-pigmented, moderately thermophilic bacterium isolated from coloured slime deposits in paper machines.

Six red-pigmented strains of the Alphaproteobacteria with optimal growth between 45 and 54 degrees C were previously isolated from coloured biofilms in two fine-paper machines and one pulp dryer. The strains were found to be resistant to 15 p.p.m. 2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide, a common industrial biocide. 16S RNA gene sequence similarity of the isolates was 99.7-100 %. Ribotyping using the restriction enzymes PvuII and EcoRI showed that four of the isolates (C-lvk-R2A-1, C-lvk-R2A-2(T), C-R2A-52d and C-R2A-5d) belong to a single species. 16S rRNA gene-based phylogenetic analysis revealed that, together with Rhodobacter blasticus ATCC 33485(T), the isolates form a deep line of descent (94.7-94.9 % sequence similarity) within the family Rhodobacteraceae loosely affiliated with the Rhodobacter/Paracoccus clade. The isolates were strictly aerobic and oxidase-positive (catalase was weakly positive) and utilized a wide range of substrates including pentoses, hexoses, oligosaccharides and sugar alcohols. The predominant constituents in their cellular fatty acid profiles were C(19 : 0) cyclo omega8c (39-44 %), C(18 : 0) (21-24 %) and C(16 : 0) (21-23 %). Fatty acids present in smaller amounts included C(18 : 1)omega7c, C(10 : 0) 3-OH, C(18 : 1)omega7c 11-methyl, C(20 : 2)omega6,9c and C(17 : 0) cyclo, amongst others. Polar lipids included diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine and an unidentified aminolipid, but not phosphatidylethanolamine. Carotenoid pigments were synthesized but bacteriochlorophyll a was not. The polyamine patterns consisted of the major compounds putrescine, spermidine and sym-homospermidine. The major respiratory lipoquinone was ubiquinone Q-10. The DNA G+C content was 69.4-70.2 mol%. On the basis of the phylogenetic and phenotypic evidence, the biofilm isolates were classified in a new genus, Rubellimicrobium gen. nov.; four of the isolates are assigned to the type species, Rubellimicrobium thermophilum gen. nov., sp. nov. Strain C-lvk-R2A-2(T) (=CCUG 51817(T) = DSM 16684(T) = HAMBI 2421(T)) is the type strain of Rubellimicrobium thermophilum.

DNA, Bacterial↗

PubMed2006

Janibacter anophelis sp. nov., isolated from the midgut of Anopheles arabiensis.

A Gram-positive, aerobic, non-motile strain, H2.16BT, isolated from the midgut of the mosquito Anopheles arabiensis was investigated using a polyphasic approach. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity studies, strain H2.16BT was shown to belong to the genus Janibacter, being most closely related to Janibacter melonis (98.3%), Janibacter terrae (98.5%) and Janibacter limosus (98.5%). Chemotaxonomic data (meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid in the cell wall and major fatty acids of iso-C16:0, C17:1omega8c and C17:0)) supported the allocation of the strain to the genus Janibacter. The results of DNA-DNA hybridization and physiological and biochemical tests allowed the genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of strain H2.16BT from closely related species. Thus, H2.16BT represents a novel species of the genus Janibacter, for which the name Janibacter anophelis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is H2.16BT (=CCUG 49715T=CIP 108728T).

Actinomycetales↗

PubMed2006

Arcanobacterium bialowiezense sp. nov. and Arcanobacterium bonasi sp. nov., isolated from the prepuce of European bison bulls (Bison bonasus) suffering from balanoposthitis, and emended description of the genus Arcanobacterium Collins et al. 1983.

A taxonomic study was performed on 13 bacterial strains isolated from preputial swabs of European bison (Bison bonasus) bulls suffering from balanoposthitis. The isolates were Gram-positive, non-motile, facultatively anaerobic, diphtheroid-shaped cells. Based on biochemical profiles and BOX-PCR-generated genomic fingerprints, the isolates were grouped into two clusters represented by four and nine strains, respectively. Strains 1(W3/01)T and 2(W106/04)T, selected as representatives of the two clusters, shared 97.2 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. The highest gene sequence similarities found (95.5-96.4 %) were to Arcanobacterium pyogenes DSM 20630T and Arcanobacterium bernardiae DSM 9152T, demonstrating that the novel strains are members of the genus Arcanobacterium, but are not members of a recognized species. The polar lipid profiles of the two novel strains displayed the major characteristics also found in A. pyogenes DSM 20630T and Arcanobacterium haemolyticum DSM 20595T. Detection of a quinone system with MK-10(H4) as the predominant compound confirmed phylogenetic relatedness of the novel strains to A. pyogenes and separated them from the type species of the genus, A. haemolyticum, which contains MK-9(H4) as the predominant quinone. Results from DNA-DNA hybridizations clearly demonstrated that strains 1(W3/01)T and 2(W106/04)T represent separate species. Based on these data, two novel species of the genus Arcanobacterium are described, for which the names Arcanobacterium bialowiezense sp. nov. [type strain 1(W3/01)T = DSM 17162T = NCTC 13354T] and Arcanobacterium bonasi sp. nov. [type strain 2(W106/04)T = DSM 17163T = NCTC 13355T] are proposed.

Actinomycetaceae↗

PubMed2006

Polaromonas aquatica sp. nov., isolated from tap water.

Two Gram-negative, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming bacteria (CCUG 39402T and CCUG 39797), isolated from different water sources, were investigated in a polyphasic study. The two isolates shared 100% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity and it was shown that they belonged to the Betaproteobacteria, most closely related to Polaromonas vacuolata (97.8%) and Polaromonas naphthalenivorans (97.8%). A polyamine pattern with 2-hydroxyputrescine and putrescine, as well as ubiquinone Q-8, were in agreement with characteristics of Betaproteobacteria. The presence of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine, and major fatty acids C(16:1)omega7c, C(16:0) and C(17:0) cyclo supported the affiliation of the two strains to the genus Polaromonas. The results of DNA-DNA hybridization and physiological and biochemical tests allowed genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of the two isolates from the two Polaromonas species with validly published names. They therefore represent a novel species, for which the name Polaromonas aquatica sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain CCUG 39402T (= CIP 108776T).

Betaproteobacteria↗

PubMed2006

Cohnella thermotolerans gen. nov., sp. nov., and classification of 'Paenibacillus hongkongensis' as Cohnella hongkongensis sp. nov.

A Gram-positive, rod-shaped, endospore-forming organism, strain CCUG 47242T, was isolated from a sample of industrial starch production in Sweden. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis demonstrated that this isolate was moderately related to species of the genus Paenibacillus, with <94.4 % sequence similarity to all other hitherto described Paenibacillus species. Strain CCUG 47242T showed the greatest sequence similarity (96.5 %) to 'Paenibacillus hongkongensis' HKU3, a strain with a name that has not yet been validly published. Chemotaxonomic data [major menaquinone, MK-7 (98 %); major polar lipids, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, lysyl-phosphatidylglycerol, two unknown phospholipids, four unknown aminophospholipids; major fatty acids, iso-C16 : 0 and anteiso-C15 : 0] showed some significant differences when compared with the type species of the genus Paenibacillus, Paenibacillus polymyxa. Physiological and biochemical tests allowed clear phenotypic differentiation of strain CCUG 47242T from strain HKU3. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, in combination with chemotaxonomic data, strains CCUG 47242T and HKU3 represent two novel species of a new genus of endospore-forming bacteria for which we propose the names Cohnella thermotolerans gen. nov., sp. nov. (type strain CCUG 47242T = CIP 108492T = DSM 17683T) and Cohnella hongkongensis sp. nov. (type strain HKU3T = CCUG 49571T = CIP 107898T = DSM 17642T).

Fatty Acids↗

PubMed2006

Thorsellia anophelis gen. nov., sp. nov., a new member of the Gammaproteobacteria.

A Gram-negative, rod-shaped organism (CCUG 49520T) was isolated from the midgut of the mosquito Anopheles arabiensis. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis demonstrated that this isolate is unique, showing <93% similarity to species of the families Enterobacteriaceae and Vibrionaceae. The quinone system consisted exclusively of ubiquinone Q-8; the polar lipid profile consisted of the major compounds phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylglycerol, a moderate to minor amount of two unknown aminophospholipids, an unknown phospholipid and two unknown polar lipids; the polyamine pattern was characterized by the predominant compound 1,3-diaminopropane and showed some significant differences when compared with members of the Enterobacteriaceae and Vibrionaceae. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis in combination with chemotaxonomic data, strain CCUG 49520T is considered to represent a new genus and species, for which the name Thorsellia anophelis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CCUG 49520T (=CIP 108754T).

Animals↗

PubMed2006

Deinococcus ficus sp. nov., isolated from the rhizosphere of Ficus religiosa L.

A pale-pink strain (CC-FR2-10T) from the rhizosphere of the sacred tree Ficus religiosa L. in Taiwan was investigated by using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. The cells were Gram-positive, rod-shaped and non-spore-forming. Phylogenetic analyses using the 16S rRNA gene sequence of the isolate indicated that the organism belongs to the genus Deinococcus, the highest sequence similarities being found with Deinococcus grandis (96.1 %), Deinococcus radiodurans (94.3 %), Deinococcus radiopugnans (93.2 %), Deinococcus indicus (93.0 %), Deinococcus proteolyticus (92.5 %), Deinococcus murrayi (92.4 %) and Deinococcus geothermalis (90.7 %). The DNA-DNA relatedness with respect to D. grandis DSM 3963T was 17.9 %. Chemotaxonomic data revealed that strain CC-FR2-10T contains only menaquinone MK-8 as the respiratory quinone, unknown phosphoglycolipids as the predominant polar lipids and 16 : 1omega7c, 17 : 1omega8c and 17 : 1omega9c iso as the predominant fatty acids. The biochemical and chemotaxonomic properties demonstrate that strain CC-FR2-10T represents a novel species, for which the name Deinococcus ficus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CC-FR2-10T (=CCUG 51391T [corrected] = CIP 108832T).

Deinococcus↗

PubMed2006

Psychromonas ingrahamii sp. nov., a novel gas vacuolate, psychrophilic bacterium isolated from Arctic polar sea ice.

A gas vacuolate bacterium, designated strain 37T, was isolated from a sea ice core collected from Point Barrow, Alaska, USA. Cells of strain 37T were large (6-14 microm in length), rod-shaped, contained gas vacuoles of two distinct morphologies, and grew well at NaCl concentrations of 1-10 % and at temperatures of -12 to 10 degrees C. The DNA G+C content was 40 mol%. Whole-cell fatty acid analysis showed that 16 : 1omega7c comprised 67 % of the total fatty acid content. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that this bacterium was closely related to members of the genus Psychromonas, with highest sequence similarity (96.8 %) to Psychromonas antarctica. Phenotypic analysis differentiated strain 37T from P. antarctica on the basis of several characteristics, including cell morphology, growth temperature range and the ability to hydrolyse polymers. DNA-DNA hybridization experiments revealed a level of relatedness of 37 % between strain 37T and P. antarctica, providing further support that it represents a distinct species. The name Psychromonas ingrahamii sp. nov. is proposed for this novel species. The type strain is 37T (=CCUG 51855T=CIP 108865T).

Alaska↗

PubMed2006

Pseudolabrys taiwanensis gen. nov., sp. nov., an alphaproteobacterium isolated from soil.

A Gram-negative, short rod-shaped micro-organism (CC-BB4(T)) was isolated on nutrient agar from soil from Sinshe in Taichung County, Taiwan. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence demonstrated that this isolate was novel, as it showed <92 % similarity to the sequences of species of the genera Labrys, Beijerinckia and Methylocystis. The micro-organism did not utilize methylamine or methanol as a substrate, but was able to use several organic acids. The fatty acid profile was different from those reported for the genera Labrys, Beijerinckia, Methylocystis, Angulomicrobium, Methylorhabdus and Methyloarcula. On the basis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, in combination with chemotaxonomic and physiological data, strain CC-BB4(T) represents a novel genus, for which the name Pseudolabrys gen. nov. is proposed. The type species is Pseudolabrys taiwanensis sp. nov., and the type strain of P. taiwanensis is CC-BB4(T) (=CCUG 51779(T)=CIP 108932(T)).

Alphaproteobacteria↗

PubMed2006

Pseudonocardia tetrahydrofuranoxydans sp. nov.

A Gram-positive, rod-shaped, non-endospore-forming but mycelium-forming actinobacterium (strain K1(T)) was isolated from an enrichment culture containing tetrahydrofuran (THF) as the sole source of carbon. On the basis of its G+C content (71.3 mol%) and of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity studies, strain K1(T) was shown to belong to the family Pseudonocardiaceae, most closely related to Pseudonocardia hydrocarbonoxydans (99.3 %), P. benzenivorans (98.8 %) and P. sulfidoxydans (98.3 %). The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to other Pseudonocardia species was less than 97 %. Chemotaxonomic data [major menaquinone MK-8(H(4)); major fatty acids C(16 : 0) iso, C(15 : 0) iso and C(17 : 1)omega6c] supported the affiliation of strain K1(T) to the genus Pseudonocardia. The results of DNA-DNA hybridizations and physiological and biochemical tests allowed genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of strain K1(T) from the three species P. benzenivorans, P. sulfidoxydans and P. hydrocarbonoxydans, although all four organisms utilized THF. Strain K1(T) represents a novel species, for which the name Pseudonocardia tetrahydrofuranoxydans sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain K1(T) (=DSM 44239(T)=CIP 109050(T)).

Actinomycetales↗

PubMed2006

Description of Pseudochrobactrum gen. nov., with the two species Pseudochrobactrum asaccharolyticum sp. nov. and Pseudochrobactrum saccharolyticum sp. nov.

Two Gram-negative, rod-shaped, oxidase-positive, non-spore-forming, non-motile bacteria (CCUG 46016(T) and CCUG 33852(T)), isolated from a knee aspirate of a 66-year-old man and an industrial glue, respectively, were studied for their taxonomic position. On the basis of chemotaxonomic data [i.e. major ubiquinone (Q-10), major polar lipids (phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylcholine) and major fatty acids (C(18 : 1)omega7c and C(19 : 0) cyclo omega8c)] and 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, both strains belong to the Alphaproteobacteria. The presence of spermidine and putrescine as the predominant polyamines in CCUG 46016(T) were in agreement with its phylogenetic affiliation in the vicinity of the genus Ochrobactrum. 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities between both strains and established species within the genera Bartonella, Ochrobactrum and Brucella were less than 95 %. Although both organisms showed highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to members of Brucella, phenotypic features (including chemotaxonomic features) were more like those of members of the genus Ochrobactrum. Sequence comparison of the recA genes confirmed the separate phylogenetic position of the two strains. On the basis of DNA-DNA pairing results and physiological and biochemical data, the two strains can be clearly differentiated from each other and from all known Ochrobactrum species. It is evident that these organisms represent two novel species in a new genus, Pseudochrobactrum gen. nov., for which the names Pseudochrobactrum asaccharolyticum sp. nov. (the type species, type strain CCUG 46016(T)=CIP 108977(T)) and Pseudochrobactrum saccharolyticum sp. nov. (type strain CCUG 33852(T)=CIP 108976(T)) are proposed.

Adhesives↗

PubMed2006

Reclassification of Pseudomonas beijerinckii Hof 1935 as Chromohalobacter beijerinckii comb. nov., and emended description of the species.

Pseudomonas beijerinckii (type strain DSM 7218(T)=ATCC 19372(T)=NCIMB 9041(T)) was isolated from salted beans and was first described by Hof in 1935. 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons demonstrated its close relatedness (>97-99 %) to species of the genus Chromohalobacter. A recent isolate from salted herrings originating from the Baltic Sea, strain 3b, also clustered phylogenetically within this genus. Phenotypic features, substrate utilization, fatty acid profile, quinone and polar lipid composition and whole-cell protein patterns supported the similarity of strain 3b to P. beijerinckii DSM 7218(T) and confirmed its relatedness to members of the genus Chromohalobacter. The G+C content of the DNA from strain 3b and P. beijerinckii DSM 7218(T) was 60.4 and 60.7 mol%, respectively. DNA-DNA hybridization data showed that the two strains represent the same species, but are separated from Chromohalobacter canadensis, the closest species from a phylogenetic point of view. Therefore, the reclassification of Pseudomonas beijerinckii as Chromohalobacter beijerinckii comb. nov. (type strain DSM 7218(T)=ATCC 19372(T)=NCIMB 9041(T)) is proposed. The species description has been emended considering the new data on both the type strain and strain 3b.

Animals↗

PubMed2006

Transfer of [Flexibacter] sancti, [Flexibacter] filiformis, [Flexibacter] japonensis and [Cytophaga] arvensicola to the genus Chitinophaga and description of Chitinophaga skermanii sp. nov.

Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences of species currently assigned to the genus Flexibacter has shown extensive intrageneric phylogenetic heterogeneity. It has been shown in previous studies that the species [Flexibacter] sancti, [Flexibacter] filiformis and [Flexibacter] japonensis were most closely related to Chitinophaga pinensis. In addition, [Cytophaga] arvensicola and species of the genus Terrimonas also clustered into this phylogenetic group. Although the similarities of 16S rRNA gene sequences were low (88.5-96.4 %), there is no evidence for clear phenotypic differences between these organisms that justify assignment to different genera. A proposal is made to transfer these species to the genus Chitinophaga as Chitinophaga sancti comb. nov., Chitinophaga filiformis comb. nov., Chitinophaga japonenis comb. nov. and Chitinophaga arvensicola comb. nov. on the basis of phylogenetic and phenotypic data. Furthermore, a novel species is described within this genus, Chitinophaga skermanii sp. nov., with strain CC-SG1B(T) (=CCUG 52510(T)=CIP 109140(T)) as the type strain.

Bacteroides↗