PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

Philip J Crowe

Publications and source records attributed to Philip J Crowe.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Does presentation at the Registrars' Papers Day predict future publication?

There are research requirements for trainees to be eligible to present for their final examinations (Fellowship of Royal Australasian College of Surgeons, FRACS). One option is the presentation of a paper or poster at a meeting of which abstracts are subject to review and selection. This includes presentation at the annual Registrars' Papers Day (RPD) in New South Wales. There has been some debate surrounding whether research requirements are fulfilled by presentation at such meetings. Publication in a peer-reviewed journal should be the ultimate aim. A high publication rate will validate the quality of the meeting. All abstracts submitted to the RPD in 1998 and 1999 were analysed. A Medline search was performed in 2005 to identify publication of these presentations in a peer-reviewed journal. Variables of the study that were potentially predictive of subsequent publication were analysed. This included type of presentation, surgical specialty, clinical or laboratory-based study, study design (prospective or retrospective) and sample size. Chi-squared test with Yates' continuity correction was used to compare two independent proportions and significance was set at P < 0.05. The publication rates were: oral presentations 50% (17/34), poster presentations 39% (9/23) and rejected presentations 20% (2/10). The mean and median time to publication was 23.8 and 21.0 months. Prospective design was the only variable identified to have a statistically significant effect on the publication rate (P < 0.002). The most common publishing journal was the Australian and New Zealand Journal of Surgery (12 of 26). Overall consistency (author and study sample consistency) from presentation to publication was 32%. The overall 46% publication rate of this state-based trainees-organized meeting compares favourably with international meetings. The research requirement of the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons (RACS), which includes presentation at the RPD in New South Wales, produces good quality papers for publication.

Academic Dissertations as Topic↗
PubMed2003

Expression of insulin-like growth factor mitogenic signals in adult soft-tissue sarcomas: significant correlation with malignant potential.

The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signal transduction system involves receptors, ligands and binding proteins (IGFBPs) that have been shown to have mitogenic and distinct anti-apoptotic effects on malignant cell lines of both epithelial and mesenchymal origin. Expression of the IGF signal system might be a mechanism by which human soft-tissue sarcomas (STS) obtain a proliferative advantage over normal adjacent tissues. IGFBP2, one of at least six different binding proteins identified to date, is secreted by most sarcoma cell lines and appears to be involved in cell proliferation and transformation. Circulating levels of this protein are markedly increased in malignancy. We have assessed 46 adult STS specimens of low, intermediate and high pathological grade of malignancy for the immunohistochemical expression of IGFBP2, IGF1, IGF2, IGF1 receptor-alpha and -beta (IGF1Ralpha/beta). The protein expression was measured by quantitative color video image analysis and semi-quantitative evaluation, and the measurements correlated well (Spearman, P<0.001). Using both methods, significant differences in expression of IGFBP2 among each of the three grades, expression of IGF2 between intermediate and high grade, and expression of IGF1Rbeta between low-intermediate and low-high grade were observed (Dunnett test, P<0.05). Multiple regression analysis for both quantitative and semi-quantitative data confirmed the significance of the relationship and independence of the proteins, except IGF2. We concluded that IGFBP2 and IGF1Rbeta are independent predictors of the malignant potential of adult STS.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Quantitative expression of protein markers of plasminogen activation system in prognosis of colorectal cancer.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Certain pathophysiological markers may be helpful in selecting further therapies for patients with resected colorectal cancer (CRC). The aim of this study was to determine whether expression of proteins of the plasminogen activation system (PAS), which are important in tumor spread and growth, can predict outcome of human CRC. METHODS: Protein expression of the PAS, including urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and its receptor (uPAR), plasminogen (Plg), and plasminogen activator inhibitors-1 and -2 (PAI-1 and PAI-2), was determined in the colonic tissue samples of 56 patients with resected primary CRC by quantitative immunohistochemistry and correlated with clinicopathological parameters and patient outcome. RESULTS: Overexpression of uPA (t-test, P < 0.001), uPAR (P < 0.001) and PAI-1 (P = 0.031) was significantly associated with liver metastatic CRC tumors. Higher uPA or uPAR expression level was significantly correlated with overall survival (OS; log-rank, P = 0.001 and P < 0.0001) and cancer-specific survival (CSS; P = 0.001 and P < 0.0001) after the first CRC resection. The predictive value of both uPA and uPAR in liver metastasis, OS and CSS was independent from other parameters (multivariate Cox regression: all P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: uPA and uPAR may be independent predictors of liver metastasis, patient overall survival and cancer-specific survival after resection of colorectal tumors.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Wound healing and growth factor expression in T lymphocyte deficiency.

BACKGROUND: There are many clinical situations in which immune suppression or deficiency occurs. This may lead to healing impairment. The aim of the present study was to characterize the effect of T lymphocyte deficiency on wound healing, and on -platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), bFGF (basic fibroblast growth factor) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) expression, using an animal model. METHODS: Nude and normal 10-12-week-old male BALB/c mice were given standard dermal incisions and killed at 1, 2, 4 or 6 weeks postinjury. The pelts were harvested and the wounds cut (perpendicularly) into strips for analysis. Strips from each animal were tested mechanically or processed for histological assessment and immunohistochemical detection of PDGF, bFGF and IGF-1 and colour video image analysis. The data were assessed by analysis of variance (anova). RESULTS: The interaction between species and time resulted in statistically significant differences in mechanical properties. Wound peak load was higher in nude mice at weeks 1 and 2 postinjury, but lower in nude mice at week 6 postinjury. Colour video image analysis demonstrated that the expression of bFGF and IGF-1 was greater in nude mice at week 1 postinjury (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The mechanical data suggest that the overall effect of the T lymphocyte system on wound healing is initially inhibitory and later stimulatory. This may be associated with corresponding differences in wound growth factor expression.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Expression of the KAI1 metastasis suppressor gene in non-metastatic versus metastatic human colorectal cancer.

BACKGROUND: The importance of KAI1 to colorectal cancer (CRC) progression is unclear, with conflicting data regarding changes in KAI1 expression during tumour progression. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In situ hybridisation and immunohistochemistry, with a semiquantitative scoring system, were used to assess KAI1 mRNA and protein levels, respectively, in normal colon samples (43), and non-metastatic (24) or metastatic (33) primary cancers, and liver metastases (48). RESULTS: There was significant loss of KAI1 mRNA and protein staining in non-metastatic primary tumours versus normal tissues (Bonferroni, p < 0.05) but levels recovered to near normal in metastatic primary tumours and liver metastases. Increased KAI1 expression significantly correlated with distant metastases (Mann-Whitney, p = 0.0001, mRNA; p = 0.033, protein), cancer-specific survival (Cox regression analysis p = 0.0002, mRNA; 0.0493, protein) and overall patient survival (p = 0.0001, mRNA). Multivariate analysis (Cox proportional hazards model) confirmed high KAI1 mRNA expression was an independent prognostic indicator of distant metastasis (p < 0.0001), cancer-specific survival (p < 0.0001) and overall patient survival (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: These data indicate a complex relationship between KAI1 and progression of human CRC, in which expression is reduced in localised primary tumours, but regained in disease associated with metastasis.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Expression of nm23 protein in adult soft tissue sarcoma is correlated with histological grade.

BACKGROUND: There is controversy about whether expression of nm23 is involved in suppression of metastases or contributes to tumour progression. Few studies have examined the role of nm23 in sarcomas. The aim of this study was to determine if expression of nm23 protein or its H1-subtype correlated with clinicopathological parameters in adult soft tissue sarcomas (STS). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Protein expression was examined by immunohistochemistry on paraffin-embedded sections of 46 STS patients, quantified using a colour video imaging system and correlated to histological grade. The monoclonal antibodies used were anti-nm23 (recognising both nm23-H1 and nm23-H2) and anti-nm23-H1 (recognising nm23-H1 only). RESULTS: High-grade tumours significantly overexpressed nm23 (including both nm23-H1 and nm23-H2) compared with both intermediate and low-grade tumours (ANOVA and Tukey, all p < 0.05). Multiple regression analysis confirmed the significance of the relationship and independence of the nm23 (p = 0.005), but not nm23-H1. CONCLUSION: Expression of nm23 protein, particularly nm23-H2, is an independent predictor of malignant potential of adult STS.

Adolescent↗