Biomedical subjects

Phillip B Sparling

Publications and source records attributed to Phillip B Sparling.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2005

Should carbohydrate concentration of a sports drink be less than 8% during exercise in the heat?

Our purpose was to determine if sports drinks with 6 and 8% CHO differentially affect physiological responses or run performance in the heat. Ten men ran 32 km while ingesting: placebo (P), 6% carbohydrate-electrolyte (CE6), and 8% carbohydrate-electrolyte (CE8). At 15 km, a 250 mL drink labeled with deuterium oxide (D2O) was ingested. Blood glucose and respiratory exchange ratio were significantly higher (P < 0.05) for CE6 and CE8 compared to P. Rectal temperature (T(re)) at 32 km was higher for CE8 (40.1 +/- 0.2 degrees C) compared to P (39.5 +/- 0.2 degrees C) but similar to CE6 (39.8 +/- 0.2 degrees C). D2O accumulation was not different among drink trials. Run performance was 8% faster for CE8 (1062 +/- 31 s) compared to P (1154 +/- 56 s) and similar to CE6 (1078 +/- 33 s). Confirming the ACSM Position Stand, 8% CE are acceptable during exercise in the heat and attenuate the decline in performance.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

Endurance exercise selectively impairs prefrontal-dependent cognition.

Two experiments are reported that examine the possibility that exercise selectively influences different types of cognition. To our knowledge, these experiments represent the first attempt to study higher-cognitive processes during exercise. Theoretical thinking was guided by the transient hypofrontality hypothesis. In both experiments, athletes who exercised at a sustained, moderate pace were compared to sedentary controls on two neuropsychological tests, one that is generally regarded as heavily dependent on prefrontal cognition and one that is relatively insensitive to prefrontal operation. Results showed that during exercise performance on tests demanding prefrontal-dependent cognition was impaired, while at the same time, cognitive processes requiring little prefrontal activity were unaffected.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2003

College physical education: an unrecognized agent of change in combating inactivity-related diseases.

Physical activity patterns during the young adult years are likely to be important influences on habitual physical activity during overall adult life and, consequently, have significant implications for long-term health outcomes. The potential reach and impact of college physical education on the promotion of physical activity to a large segment of the American population has been largely unrecognized. Over the last generation, many colleges and universities have reduced or eliminated their physical education requirements. Nonetheless, physical education can make important contributions in the primary prevention of inactivity-related chronic diseases and to the general education of the college student. Awareness and advocacy are needed to strengthen college physical education programs.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

Physical activity patterns in recent college alumni.

Within this sample of recent college alumni, a high proportion indicated that they enjoy exercise (66.1%) and felt confident in setting their own fitness programs (79.4%). Yet, only 34.3% reported engaging in recommended levels of moderate or vigorous PA. In contrast to previous reports, rates of participation in vigorous, moderate, and strengthening-type PA did not differ between men and women. Alumni who reported that they engaged in adequate levels of moderate or vigorous PA had gained significantly less weight in the years following graduation than those who reported being insufficiently active (3.0 kg vs. 6.1 kg). Last, we noted a strong positive association between PA patterns as college seniors and current PA behavior as recent alumni.

Adult↗