Biomedical subjects

Pierre Labrude

Publications and source records attributed to Pierre Labrude.

6 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2003

Volume expansion with modified hemoglobin solution, colloids, or crystalloid after hemorrhagic shock in rabbits: effects in skeletal muscle oxygen pressure and use versus arterial blood velocity and resistance.

Therapeutic goals for hemorrhagic shock resuscitation are the increase of cardiac output and oxygen delivery. The possibility exists that because of microcirculatory effects, different volume expanders result in different tissue oxygen delivery and oxygen use. In a rabbit model of resuscitation from hemorrhagic shock (50% blood loss), we compared the effects of an hemoglobin-based O2-carrying solution (HbOC) with those elicited by albumin, hydroxyethyl starch (HES), or saline on systemic hemodynamics, skeletal muscle O2 pressure (PtiO2), and interstitial concentration of lactate (LACi) through the combined implantation of a microdialysis probe and a sensitive O2 electrode into the hind limb. Hemorrhagic shock induced a 50% decrease in mean arterial pressure (MAP), femoral artery blood flow (BF), and PtiO2. After resuscitation, there were statistically significant differences among the volume expanders. The increase in MAP was faster with HbOC and colloids, and slower with saline, mainly obtained by vasoconstriction for HbOC and by increased BF with albumin and HES. The maximum MAP values were significantly higher for HbOC compared with the other volume expanders. HbOC and colloids induced a faster increase in PtiO2 as compared with saline, but maximum PtiO2 values were not different among the volume expanders. Tissue oxygen use as estimated by LACi increased transiently at the beginning of volume expansion with similar maximum values. Animals resuscitated with saline had significantly higher LACi concentrations after the onset of volume expansion as compared with HbOC but not with colloids. Our results demonstrate that there are measurable differences in MAP and BF upon resuscitation with the four different solutions and there is a slower increase in tissue PtiO2 with saline than with colloids associated with significantly increased LACi consistent with delayed reoxygenation upon resuscitation with saline.

Animals↗

PubMed2003

[Pharmacist and chemist Henri Braconnot].

Henri Braconnot was born in Commercy in 1780. When he was 13 years old, he was bound apprentice in the pharmacy of Graux in Nancy. He remained here for two years, learning pharmacy, chemistry and botany. When the army called him, his position in Strasbourg allowed him to study. After it, he came to Paris and learned in some schools, particularly the Ecole gratuite de pharmacie. Returned in Nancy, forever, in 1802, he was then named as the chairman of the botanical garden and a member of the academy of the town, and he began his results in plant chemistry. He worked almost until his death that occurred in January 1855. Braconnot's work is essentially devoted to chemistry. His name is attached to the extractive principles of vegetables. Some orientations of his research are: plant acids, fats, extractive compounds that may have conduct him to alkaloïds, sugar obtained from saw-dust and rages, other organic plant chemicals, nitration of cellulose, and some others such as colours chemistry, hydrology, physiological chemistry, toxicology, mineralogy. He was never received as an apothecary, but pharmacy has always considered that he belonged to it.

Chemistry, Agricultural↗

PubMed2002

[About the Baume du commandeur].

The Baume du commandeur appears in Franch in 1694 in the Histoire générale des drogues [...] written by Pomet. It's a vulnerary drug with also numerous internal uses. Still present in formularies and sometimes used, its invention is attributed to Gaspard de Pernes, commander of Malta Order in Toul, in France. However, some observations induce us to think that the origin of this drug would be in eastern countries: first one of its other names, baume persique, secondly the name of a comparable other formula baume des Turcs, then the geographical origin of the majority of plants and drugs constituting the initially published formula, finally the appurtenance of G. de Pernes to Malta Order. Unfortunately, the transmissions, modifications and improvements of the formula since its beginning make today very difficult to discover the localization and dating of the creation of this famous drug.

Asia, Western↗

PubMed2002

[Art nouveau: pharmacy shops in Nancy].

At the beginning of the 20th century, an important artistic activity develops in Nancy. The "Ecole de Nancy" transforms a provincial city into one of the metropolis of "Art Nouveau". The pharmacists participate at the activity of their town and eight of them choose the new style for their pharmacy. In 1902, Rosfelder is the first to modify his shop, and later, Jacques, Delidon, Mouzin, Godfrin brothers, Monal and Fandre, before, during and after the First World War, have a same step. For the ornament, the artists use plants derived from local medicinal flora. "Art Nouveau", adept of curves, appears to be ideal to symbolize vegetable kingdom. In these pharmacy shops, fine arts join materia medica.

France↗

PubMed2002

[The alpine garden of Monthabey in Vosges (1903-1914) and his creator, professor Camille Brunotte (1860-1910)].

At the beginning of the XXth century, professor Brunotte, of the school of pharmacy of Nancy, and the section vosgienne de Nancy du Club alpin français, undertook the creation of an alpine garden, in the Vosges, near the col de la Schlucht and le Hohneck, near also with the frontier with Germany. After the death of professor Brunotte, in 1910, the garden was given to the University of Nancy and completed until 1914, but the 1st World War destroyed it completely and it was impossible to recreate it. 1966 was the year of the creation of a new garden, not far from Monthabey, along the route des Crêtes, with a monument devoted to Monthabey garden and its promoter. The paper describes the creation of the first garden, the personality and career of professor Brunotte, its garden after his death and after the war, the precursors in botany of the Vosges Kirschleger and Bleicher, the new garden at Haut-Chietlet, finally the memories of professor Brunotte.

Altitude↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Pierre-François Nicolas (1743-1816), apothecary, physician, chemistry teacher on the eve of the French Revolution].

Pierre-François Nicolas, was born in Saint-Mihiel in 1743, studied in this town and in St-Nicolas-de-Port near Nancy. At first he has been a military apothecary during the "Guerre de Sept-Ans". Then he studied pharmacy in Nancy and was received in 1768 at the "Maîtrise de pharmacie". With the physician Henri Michel du Tennatar, he created a teaching of chemistry for medicine students and became the professor of chemistry of the Faculty of Medicine in 1781. During these years, he published some research results about hydrology, distillery, biochemistry (phosphorus in bone), toxicology, dyeing... At the end of 1783, he succeeded in the realization of a balloon and he played an important part in Nancy during the French Revolution. Professor at the "Ecole de médecine" in Strasbourg for some weeks, then in Nancy at the "Ecole centrale" and at the "Société de santé", he left Nancy towards the mid-1798. Staying in Paris for two or three years he probably worked with Fourcroy and perhaps Chaptal and Berthollet. In the early years of the nineteenth century he was appointed professor in the "Ecole centrale" du Calvados" and some years after at the "Faculté des sciences" in Caen. His latest significant work with Gueudeville was devoted to the detection of sugar in the urine of diabetic patients. Retired in 1811 Pierre-François Nicolas died in Caen in 1816.

Chemistry↗