Biomedical subjects

Ping Xiang

Publications and source records attributed to Ping Xiang.

27 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed2004

Children's motivation in elementary physical education: a longitudinal study.

The present study examined relationships among variables drawn from achievement goal theory and the expectancy-value model of achievement choice as well as mean level changes of these variables over time in elementary physical education. Participants (N = 207) completed questionnaires over a 2-year period: once while in the second and fourth grades and again when they were in the third and fifth grades. Results indicated that achievement goals, expectancy-related beliefs, and subjective task values were related to one another and were predictive of children's intention for future participation in physical education. Children's subjective task values of physical education decreased over time. Children in Cohort 1 (across second to third grades) generally had stronger motivation for learning in physical education than children in Cohort 2 (across fourth to fifth grades). Findings suggest the importance of integrating achievement goal theory and the expectancy-value model of achievement choice in understanding student motivation.

Child↗

PubMed2004

Using Achievement Goal Theory to assess an elementary physical education running program.

Using Achievement Goal Theory as a theoretical framework, this study examined an elementary physical education running program called Roadrunners and assessed relationships among achievement goals, perceived motivational climate, and student achievement behavior. Roadrunners promotes cardiovascular health, physical active lifestyles, and mastery behaviors such as persistence and effort. Students were required to run/walk once a week during the school year in their regularly scheduled physical education classes. Participants included 116 fourth graders (67 boys, 49 girls), who participated in Roadrunners since kindergarten. Near the end of spring semester, students completed a 36-item questionnaire assessing achievement goals and perceived motivational climate of Roadrunners. Student persistence/effort was assessed by the number of run/walk laps over the year-long program. Performance was measured by a timed, one-mile run. Results revealed the mastery goal related positively to student persistence/effort for Roadrunners and to their one-mile run performance. Interaction between the mastery goal and perception of a mastery-focused climate emerged as a positive predictor of student one-mile run performance. Results provided additional empirical support for mastery goals and perceptions of a mastery-focused climate as beneficial to student motivation and learning.

Female↗

PubMed2003

Children's motivation in elementary physical education: an expectancy-value model of achievement choice.

This study examined children's motivation in elementary physical education within an expectancy-value model developed by Eccles and her colleagues. Four hundred fourteen students in second and fourth grades completed questionnaires assessing their expectancy-related beliefs, subjective task values, and intention for future participation in physical education. Results indicated that expectancy-related beliefs and subjective task values were clearly distinguishable from one another across physical education and throwing. The two constructs were related to each other positively. Children's intention for future participation in physical education was positively associated with their subjective task values and/or expectancy-related beliefs. Younger children had higher motivation for learning in physical education than older children. Gender differences emerged and the findings provided empirical evidence supporting the validity of the expectancy-value model in elementary physical education.

Achievement↗

PubMed2003

[New progress on diagnosis and treatment of female sexual dysfunction].

Female sexual dysfunction(FSD) is an age-related progressive disease and may affect up to half of adult women. It has not been paid attention to for a long time. This paper reviews the current information on the anatomy, physiology and pathophysiology of FSD. In addition the diagnosis and treatment of FSD are also described. It aims at improving the knowledge of FSD.

Female↗

PubMed2002

Identification and analysis of a conserved immunoglobulin E-binding epitope in soybean G1a and G2a and peanut Ara h 3 glycinins.

To identify conserved immunoglobulin E (IgE)-binding epitopes among legume glycinins, we utilized recombinant soybean G2a and G2a-derived polypeptide fragments. All of these fusion polypeptides bound IgE, and the C-terminal 94-residue fragment appeared to bind more IgE. Using synthetic peptides we identified S219-N233 (S(219)GFAPEFLKEAFGVN(233)) as the dominant IgE-binding epitope. Alanine scanning of this epitope indicated that six amino acids (E224, F225, L226, F230, G231, and V232) contributed most to IgE binding. Among these amino acids, only G231 of soybean G2a is not conserved in soybean G1a (S234) and peanut Ara h 3 (Q256). Synthetic peptides corresponding to the equivalent regions in G1a and Ara h 3 bound IgE in the order Ara h 3>/=soybean G2a>soybean G1a. This sequence represents a new IgE-binding epitope that occurs in a highly conserved region present in legume glycinins. Such IgE-binding sites could provide a molecular explanation for the IgE cross-reactivity observed between soybean and peanut proteins.

Allergens↗

PubMed2002

Detection of antidepressant and antipsychotic drugs in human hair.

The presence of therapeutic drugs and their metabolites in the hair of psychiatric patients was investigated using gas chromatography (GC)-mass spectroscopy (MS)-electron ionization (EI) and GC-MS-chemical ionization (CI). In hair samples tested from 35 subjects, carbamazepine, amitriptyline, doxepin, trihexyphenidyl, chlorpromazine, chlorprothixene, trifluoperazine, clozapine and haloperidol were detected, with maximal concentrations of 22.5, 57.7, 183.3, 15.6, 68.2, 30.0, 36.8, 59.2 and 20.1 ng/mg of hair sample, respectively. Chlorpromazine and clozapine concentrations in the hair were found to be dependent on the dosage used and their correlation coefficients were 0.8047 (P<0.001, n=16) and 0.7097 (P<0.001, n=16), respectively. Segmental analysis demonstrated that there was a correlation between the history of subject's drug exposure and the distribution of drug along the hair shaft. Our results also show that drug analysis in hair may provide useful information about drug treatment and the history of usage, and that drugs can be detected in normally kept hair for at least 16 months after intake.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Achievement goals, perceived motivational climate, and students' self-reported mastery behaviors.

Achievement goals and perceived motivational climate are two important constructs in achievement goal theory, and they play critical roles in student motivation and behavior Traditionally, these two constructs have been examined separately. The present study examined relationships between the two constructs and students' self-reported mastery behaviors as well as age-related differences. Three hundred eight students in 4th, 8th, and 11th grades completed questionnaires assessing their achievement goals, perceived motivational climate, and perceptions of their mastery behaviors. Results indicated that achievement goals and perceived motivational climate were related to students' self-reported mastery behaviors. However, the relations varied depending on the students' ages. The older students, compared to the younger ones, appeared to be inclined more toward ego orientation and the ego-involved climate. A multiple achievement goals perspective is recommended for future research on relationships among achievement goals, perceived motivational climate and achievement-related cognitions, and behaviors in physical education.

Achievement↗

PubMed2001

Conceptions of Ability and Achievement Goals in Physical Education: Comparisons of American and Chinese Students.

This study focused on comparisons of American and Chinese students in conceptions of ability and achievement goals in physical education. Three hundred eight American students and 371 Chinese students in 4th, 8th, and 11th grades completed questionnaires assessing their conceptions of ability and achievement goals. Results indicated that for both American and Chinese students, as they progressed through the grades they tended to develop a differentiated conception of ability and to become more ego-oriented. Achievement goals were related to conceptions of ability. Cultural differences were found in the two variables. The findings offer additional empirical support to the view that goal theory is relevant to physical education settings and that achievement-related cognitions vary as a function of children's age and cultural background. Copyright 2001 Academic Press.

Journal Article↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Reliability analysis of DOOF for Weibull distribution.

Hierarchical Bayesian method for estimating the failure probability p(i) under DOOF by taking the quasi-Beta distribution B(p(i-1), 1, 1, b) as the prior distribution is proposed in this paper. The weighted Least Squares Estimate method was used to obtain the formula for computing reliability distribution parameters and estimating the reliability characteristic values under DOOF. Taking one type of aerospace electrical connector as an example, the correctness of the above method through statistical analysis of electrical connector accelerated life test data was verified.

Equipment Failure↗