Biomedical subjects

Piotr Gałecki

Publications and source records attributed to Piotr Gałecki.

10 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

[Functional polymorphism of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) gene correlates with schizophrenia in Polish population].

UNLABELLED: Neuro-developmental theory paid attention to an apoptosis role and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in schizophrenia pathogenesis. ROS concentration in cells is maintained on a low level due to manganese superoxide dismutase activity (MnSOD). THE AIM OF THE WORK: An attempt of evaluation of Ala-9Val polymorphism in gene for MnSOD in schizophrenic patients and control group was undertaken. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 122 paranoid schizophrenia patients were asked to the study. Clinical evaluation were performed by using PANSS. RESULTS: Alleles layout in control group (Val 45.95%) and an under-study group (Val 73.77%) was statistically different. Genotype layout also differentiated the groups. The under-study group: Ala/Ala--10.65%, Val/Ala--31.15%, Val/Val--58.2%; and in the control group respectivelly: 37.84%, 32.43%, 29.73%. relative risk for developing schizophrenia in people having in their polymorphism for MnSOD genotype Val-9Val is over three times (RR = 3.29) higher than for people not having this genotype. While evaluating correlations between a genotype, frequency of Ala-9Val allele polymorphism and social - demographic and clinical data of schizophrenic patients, no statistically substantial correlations were observed, even though there was a close to gravity correlation between a genotype Val-9Val and negative disease symptoms (p = 0.075). CONCLUSIONS: 1. In Polish populations there is a statistically substantial associations between schizophrenia incidence a genotype Val-9Val in gene for MnSOD. 2. The lack of association between selected social - demographic and clinical factors of schizophrenic patients and Ala-9Val polymorphism in a gene for MnSOD. 3. Risk for developing schizophrenia in people having Val-9Val genotype in a gene for MnSOD is over three times higher than for people not having this very genotype.

Female↗

PubMed2005

[Trazodone and venlafaxine in treatment of depressive disorders].

UNLABELLED: In depressive disorders treatment a variety of antidepressant drugs is applied. Tricyclic antidepressant drugs are relatively well known together with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors group. The aim of the study was to evaluate trazodone efficiency and safety in comparison to venlafaxine treatments of depressive episode, recurrent depressive disorders and depressive episode in bipolar disorders. MATERIAL AND METHOD: 115 patients were involved in the study. The research lasted 42 days. There were no essential differences between the control group of patients at the beginning of the study. RESULTS: The final result was 11.4 +/- 8.1 according to HAMD-S scale in trazodone group and 11.9 +/- 8.0 in venlafaxine group. Significant improvement evaluated in HAMD-S and CGI scale was observed in 61.4% patients trazodone treated and 59.4% in venlafaxine group. At the beginning of the treatment some patients suffered from unwanted symptoms. In venlafaxine group the most common were libido decrease up to 12.9% and gastro-intestinal dysfunction in 11.3%. In trazodone group the most common symptom was gastro-intestinal dysfunction in 5.6%. Due to severe unwanted symptoms the treatment was stopped in 12.9% patients venlafaxine treated and in 7.4% patients treated by trazodone. CONCLUSION: Our study showed similar efficiency and safety of trazodone and venlafaxine for depression disorders. Trazodone efficiency in comparison to venlafaxine was faster, especially in 14th study day. It suggests that trazodone characterized by potentially quicker beginning of activity in patients with depression disorders.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

[The efficacy and safety of trazodone in the treatment of adjustment disorders--naturalistic research].

UNLABELLED: There are a great number of traumatic and stressful events that people are exposed to in the contemporary world. The response to them is the subjectively felt stress and numerous emotional reactions with anxiety and lowering of the mood. These symptoms substantially limit the ability of social and vocational performance. Their appearance allow to diagnose adjustment disorders. AIM OF THE STUDY: The evaluation of therapeutic efficiency and safety of using trazodone in treatment of adjustment disorders with the particular focus on dominant symptoms in this illness that is anxiety, lowering of the mood, low self-esteem, sleep disorders and also aggression level. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 52 people of both sexes participated in this study. They were diagnosed with adjustment disorders and underwent some treatment in psychiatric surgery. The completed Hamilton's Depressive Scale and Anxiety Symptoms Scale COVI. Clinical condition of the patients was examined with Clinical General Impression Scale. The level of self-Acceptance was measured with ACL test. The examination lasted 56 days. RESULTS: Post hoc statistical tests allowed to form the idea that in the case of depression the intensity of the symptoms decreased significantly on the 14th day of the therapy. However, the anxiety symptoms decreased dramatically on the 7th day. CONCLUSION: (1). Trazodone turned out to be an efficacious medicine in the therapy of adjustment disorders. On the 56th day of the study the illness of 65.4% of patients was in remission, 26.9% of them responded to treatment, and 7.7% of them didn't. (2). Trazodone on the 7th day of therapy diminishes considerably the anxiety intensity and sleep disorder, and on the 14th day of the therapy it has an antidepressive effect. (3). As result of treating patients with trazodone the level of self-acceptance measured by ACL test has increased.

Adjustment Disorders↗

PubMed2004

[Efficiency and safety of citalopram and venlafaxine in treatment of depressive disorders in elderly patients].

UNLABELLED: Depressive disorders in people older than 65 years seem to be a serious medical and social problem in many countries. The aim of the study was to evaluate efficiency and safety of citalopram and venlafaxine in treatment of depression in elderly patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 89 elderly patients with a serious depressive episode were involved in the study. Observation was carried out for 42 days. The clinical state of patients was assessed by Hamilton rating scale (HAM-D), a geriatric depressive scale (GDS) and a clinical general impression scale (CGI). Cognitive functions were examined by Mini-Mental scale. 44 patients took citalopram, and 45 patients took venlafaxine. RESULTS: On the 42nd day of treatment, citalopram therapy appeared successful in 34 (77.3%) patients, while venlafaxine therapy was successful in 30 (66.6%) patients. Citalopram was significantly more efficient than venlafaxine during the first 21 and 28 days of treatment. Neither drug caused disturbances of cognitive functions in the examined groups. CONCLUSIONS: 1. Citalopram and venlafaxine are similarly efficient in treatment of depressive disorders and are well tolerated by elderly patients. 2. The onset of therapeutic activity of citalopram is potentially faster in depressive patients older than 65 years.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of ethylene glycol on antioxidative enzymes and lipid peroxidation activity in erythrocytes].

Investigations were aimed at demonstrating changes in the activity of enzymes forming an antioxidative barrier and oxidative stress parameters in erythrocytes of rats which were administrated ethylene glycol during 4 weeks. Superoxide dismutase activity (CuZn-SOD) was evaluated by the Misra and Fridovich method, catalase (EC1.11.1.6.) by the Beers and Sizer method and malonyl dialdehyde concentration (MDA) with Placer et all were assessed in the obtained material through the evaluation of TBARS compounds concentration. In the 4th week of the experiment a decrease in catalase (9.3 U/gHb to 5.7 U/gHb) and superoxide dismutase (2378 U/gHb to 1759 U/gHb) activity was observed. Malonyl dialdehyde concentration increased from the initial 0.14 mumol/gHb to 0.24 mumol/gHb. The investigations carried out have demonstrated that long-term intoxication with ethylene glycol leads to a constant generation of free radicals (increase of MDA concentration) and gradual exhaustion of the antioxidative system.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Selected alcohols on the pro- and anti-oxidative processes in rat erythrocytes].

In forensic medicine practice poisonings are rather frequent, and among them, those caused by fatal "substitution" of ethyl alcohol. One of the most frequently encountered "substitutes" for ethyl alcohol is methanol. The purpose of our research was to determine the concentration of malonic dialdehyde as the expression of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activity after dosed chronic ethyl and methyl alcohol intoxication. The experiment was conducted on approx. 6 month-old male inbred Lewis rats each weighing approx. 250 g. Ethanol and methanol solution was given in the concentration 1.0 M. The control group of rats received water. Each experimental group numbered 30 rats, this number was divided into three sub-groups, which were put-down at 4, 8 and 12 weeks. The activity of superoxide dismutase (CuZu-SOD) was determined by the Misra-Fridovich method, catalase (CAT) by the Beers-Sizer method. The concentration of malonic dialdehyde (MDA) was determined using the method of Placer et al. by assessing the concentration of TBARS compounds. Results are expressed as a mean +/- SD. The paired Student's test for small groups were used. Superoxide dismutase SOD1 activity decreased compared with the control group throughout the duration of the experiment from 2212 U/gHb to 1676 U/gHb for ethanol and from 2212 U/gHb to 945 U/gHb for methanol. Catalase activity for methanol decreased from 9.1 U/gHb to 5.1 U/gHb, for ethanol to 7.4 U/gHb. In the 4th week of the experiment increase of malonyl dialdehyde concentration for methanol group was observed--from 0.14 umol/gHb to 0.34 umol/Hb; after 8th weeks it decreased to 0.2 umol/gHb and in the 12th week increased to 0.23 umol/gHb. For ethanol these changes was less visible and reached the level of 0.24 umol/l. The statistical processing of the results was performed on the basis of parametric tests (the t-Student test for small experiments) and computer software Statistica. The statistical significance was set for p<0.05.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[A case of mutation at locus TH01--sequence analysis].

In a paternity test with 21 short tandem repeats (STRs) an isolated exclusion for the TH01 locus was observed. The probability of paternity or maternity in this case turned out greater than 99,999%. The analysis of sequence indicates only the deletion character of the observed mutation event without any changes in the conservative sequence.

Base Sequence↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Pro- and antioxidant processes in schizophrenics with tardive dyskinesia].

UNLABELLED: Central nervous system diseases are connected with the production of an increased amount of reactive oxygen species. Decreased antioxidant activity is considered as one of the causes of tardive dyskinesia (TD) in schizophrenic patients in a prolonged neuroleptic treatment course. AIM: Evaluation of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase activity as well as lipid peroxidation by TBARS saturation in blood platelets in schizophrenic patients with or without tardive dyskinesia symptoms. METHOD: 84 paranoid schizophrenic patients took part in the study, 40 of them with TD symptoms. The groups were comparative in clinical and demographic terms. Indication of TBARS in blood platelets was performed by the Placed and coop method. GSH-Px activity was indicated by the Little and O'Brien method. CAT activity was indicated according to the Beers and coop method. CuZnSOD activity in blood platelets was indicated by the Mirsa and Fridovich method. RESULTS: CuZnSOD activity in schizophrenic patients without TD is 820.23 and accordingly 710.75 U/g in TD symptoms patients and it is statistical essential. TBARS for patients with TD is 1.06 and accordingly without TD it is 0.92 micromol/10(9)), the difference is statistically essential. For groups with and without TD CAT activity is accordingly 19.87 and 17.93 Ub/g. For groups with and without TD GSH-Px is accordingly 32.30 and 30.48 U/g. CONCLUSIONS: schizophrenic patients with TD symptoms have lower CuZnSOD activity and higher concentration of TBARS in platelets than patients without TD. CAT activity is higher in patients with TD symptoms. CuZnSOD activity and concentration of TBARS are in correlation with age in both studied groups.

Antipsychotic Agents↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Sense of coherence, personality and style of coping by patients suffering from depressive disorders].

INTRODUCTION: At present increasing medical attention is paid to the salutogenesis approach suggested by Aaron Antonovsky. The main focus of interest in the approach is the sense of coherence. AIMS: The aim of the study was to define the sense of coherence and the mutual condition linked between this sense and some personality traits within an individual, including the styles of coping by men and women suffering from depression. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The research included the use of a SOC-29 questionnaire, NEO-FFI test and Moos' test. The research was conducted on 69 patients recognized to have suffered from depression. The patients were in treatment at The Psychiatric and Neurosis Disorder Clinic with Critical Intervention Ward, Medical University of Lódź. RESULTS: 1) A sense of coherence within an individual is considerably stronger in male patients. 2) Males and females differ in the realm of particular personality traits and the ways of dealing with every day problems. 3) Character traits and the ways to handle stressful situations differ among individuals in respects to the sense of coherence level within an individual.

Adaptation, Psychological↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Manganese superoxide dismutase gene (MnSOD) polimorphism in schizophrenics with tardive dyskinesia from central Poland].

UNLABELLED: Tardive dyskinesias (TD) are serious side effect symptoms appearing in the course of many years' neuroleptic treatment. On average, TD appear in 20% patients who take neuroleptics chronically. The free radical hypothesis of tardive dyskinesias assumes that they come into existence due to cholinergic neuron damage in the extra-pyramidal system by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) plays a key role in protection against ROS. AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate functional gene polymorphism for MnSOD in schizophrenic patients with tardive dyskinesias presence. METHOD: 122 paranoid schizophrenia patients were invited to paticipate in the study. TD symptoms were observed in 57 people. The evaluation was performed by applying the PANSS scale, while TD increase was evaluated with the AIMS scale. RESULT: Statistical association in allele incidence frequency (p < 0.001) and in a genotype layout was observed between the control group and the schizophrenic group (p < 0.001), and also in a genotype layout between the TD group and the control group (p < 0.001). Allele layout also differentiated the control group and the TD symptoms group (p < 0.05). Relative risk for developing schizophrenia and TD development depends on the genotype in the gene for MnSOD. CONCLUSION: In the Polish population there is a statistically substantial association between schizophrenia incidence and the Val-9Val genotype in a gene for MnSOD. Schizophrenic patients having a Val-9Val genotype in the gene for MnSOD have nearly a ten times higher risk for developing TD than schizophrenics not having this genotype. Risk for developing schizophrenia for people having the Val-9Val genotype in the gene for MnSOD is over three times higher than for people lacking this genotype.

Antipsychotic Agents↗