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Biomedical subjects

Q Chess

Publications and source records attributed to Q Chess.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Fine-needle aspiration biopsy diagnosis of follicular variant of papillary thyroid cancer: therapeutic implications.

OBJECTIVE: Frozen-section analysis of follicular lesions is often inconclusive because capsular or vascular invasions are the hallmarks of malignancy with this technique and may not be seen in the particular field studied. Using preoperative fine-needle aspiration biopsy specimens, we attempted to identify malignant follicular lesions and compare these results against frozen-section analysis. METHODS: A retrospective study of 1000 consecutive thyroid fine-needle aspiration biopsy specimens was performed. Surgical pathologic correlation was available in 179 cases. RESULTS: Fine-needle aspiration biopsy yielded a suspicious or positive rate of 23%. Surgical pathology was available in 179 patients, of which 95% had thyroid cancer. The follicular variant of papillary cancer was identified in 26 cases, or 15% of the positive cases. Frozen-section analysis yielded false-negative results in 7 of these 26 cases (27%). CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative recognition of the follicular variant of papillary cancer by fine-needle aspiration biopsy may reduce the overall incidence of false-negative frozen-section findings.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1993

Cool laser optics treatment of large telangiectasia of the lower extremities.

BACKGROUND: Lower extremity telangiectases have been traditionally treated using sclerotherapy. However, because of significant side effects from sclerotherapy, laser treatments have been investigated. Results from laser treatments have been generally unsatisfactory. OBJECTIVE: This study was based on the premise that simultaneous cooling and lasing would permit more effective treatment. METHODS: Thirty lower extremity telangiectases on 13 patients were treated by a technique of simultaneous cooling and lasing. Argon (488/514 nm) and argon dye (577 nm, 585 nm) laser light were delivered through a new cooling device to telangiectatic vessels of approximately 1-mm diameter on the thigh and leg. Pulsed and continuous beam treatments were utilized at high levels of irradiance. RESULTS: Sixty-seven percent of treated sites were improved; half of these were completely or nearly completely cleared. There were no complications. In only 2 of 30 (7%) treated sites were there persistent pigmentary changes. CONCLUSION: These results compare favorably with other methods for treatment of lower extremity telangiectases. Successful treatment of large lower extremity telangiectases by simultaneous cooling and lasing with minimal side effects suggests a reduction of thermal injury to nonvascular tissue while allowing destruction of ectatic vasculature.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Value of fine needle aspiration biopsy of salivary gland masses in clinical decision-making.

The accuracy of fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) in the diagnosis of salivary tumors has been well established. This study was undertaken to determine the impact of FNAB on patient management. One hundred one patients underwent FNAB of major salivary gland masses. The physician's initial clinical impression was compared with the FNAB diagnosis and the final diagnosis in each case. Forty patients had solitary masses thought to be benign tumors other than Warthin's tumors. FNAB in 13 of these patients (33%) yielded a diagnosis permitting modification of the planned procedure. The diagnosis of Warthin's tumor was suspected clinically in 23 patients. In nine of these patients (39%), FNAB resulted in a different diagnosis. Of the 10 patients believed to have malignant tumors, using FNAB, 1 was found to have sialadenitis and 1 a lymphoma. Overall, FNAB resulted in a change in the clinical approach to 35% of the patients. We recommend the performance of FNAB in almost all patients with salivary masses.

Adenolymphoma↗
PubMed1990

Vitrectomy retinotomy aspiration biopsy of choroidal tumors.

We used an investigational technique for the biopsy of intraocular tumors to aid in the diagnosis of three choroidal tumors. A three-port trans-pars plana vitrectomy was performed in conjunction with retinotomy, tumor biopsy, endophotocoagulation, and air-fluid exchange. Vitrectomy was used to decrease the amount of traction secondary to retained vitreous after intraocular surgery. Retinotomy sites were chosen under microscopic control to avoid large caliber retinal vessels. Then a modified tumor-aspiration technique, together with endophotocoagulation and aspiration of intraoperative vitreous hemorrhages, provided an opportunity to sample tumor tissue continually at varied depths. We have added standard vitreous surgery concepts, techniques, and instrumentation to produce vitrectomy retinotomy aspiration biopsy of choroidal tumors.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

Nonaspiration fine-needle cytology of the liver: a new technique for obtaining diagnostic samples.

We studied a new method of obtaining diagnostic cytology samples from the liver that differs from fine-needle aspiration cytology in that no suction is used to obtain the sample. This method is simpler to perform than traditional aspiration biopsy and yields concentrated cell smears that are easier to interpret. The sample enters the needle because of capillary action, a physical property of fluid that causes it to flow into the lumen of a narrow channel. This nonaspiration technique was used in 40 consecutive patients undergoing fine-needle biopsy of mass lesions of the liver. A 22-gauge spinal needle was used in all procedures. The cytology smears obtained were prepared, stained, and interpreted by the same methods used for conventional fine-needle cytology specimens. Specific diagnoses were rendered in 36 patients (90%) and in 32 (94%) of those patients with malignant tumors. An average of 1.7 needle passes (range, 1-4) was needed per patient. We conclude that the results from nonaspiration fine-needle cytology of the liver are as good as those from conventional aspiration technique, and the nonaspiration technique is easier to perform and results in smears that are easier to interpret.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Primary renal angiosarcoma mimicking a renal cell carcinoma.

Primary renal angiosarcoma is a very rare malignant tumor that closely mimics the more common renal cell adenocarcinoma (hypernephroma) in radiologic appearance. Both tumors are hypervascular masses and the diagnosis must be confirmed histologically. However, in the presence of a tumor with a capsular blood supply, and in the absence of venous invasion, the diagnosis of renal angiosarcoma may be suggested, especially in a patient with a new onset of consumption coagulopathy.

Carcinoma, Renal Cell↗
PubMed1984

ECG abnormalities in polymyositis.

Electrocardiographic abnormalities were found in 25 (32.5%) of 77 patients with polymyositis. Left anterior hemiblock (13.0%) and right bundle-branch block (9.1%) were the most common abnormalities. No association could be found between these defects and clinical activity of polymyositis, severity of duration of disease, or degree of creatine kinase level elevation. Similarly, there was no association with age or the presence of certain clinical conditions such as rash or arthritis. In only two patients, both children, did an ECG abnormality improve with corticosteroid therapy. Three patients with heart block died suddenly. This study points up the need for continual close observation of patients with inflammatory muscle disease, even after apparent remission.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Serum immunoglobulin elevations in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS): IgG, IgA, IgM, and IgD.

The exact nature of the immune defect in the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is not known. Most studies have focused on abnormal T-cell functions which occur in AIDS. Although polyclonal elevation of serum immunoglobulins is also consistently reported in AIDS, there have been no statistical studies measuring the isotypes (classes) comprising this hypergammaglobulinemia. Quantitative serum immunoglobulin levels of IgG, IgA, IgM, and IgD in patients with AIDS (n = 33) were compared to healthy homosexual (n = 71) and healthy heterosexual (n = 32) controls. Serum IgD levels are increased tenfold in AIDS compared to healthy heterosexuals, and threefold compared to healthy homosexuals. Serum IgA levels are increased more than twofold that of either control group. In contrast, the elevations of IgG and IgM are relatively small and show much greater overlap compared to controls. We conclude from a statistical analysis of the data that these elevations of IgD and IgA are characteristics of AIDS.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1983

A method for dissection of discrete regions of rat brain following microwave irradiation.

A simple microdissection technique for obtaining discrete areas from rat brains exposed to microwave irradiation is described and illustrated. Using the atlas of Pellegrino et al. [10] as a guide, stereotaxically defined areas were removed from coronal sections prepared with sectioning stages constructed from microscope slides. The dissection of sixteen discrete regions is shown in photographic and schematic form. This technique may prove useful for examining neurochemical processes in discrete areas of the rat central nervous system and may aid in establishing the distribution of pharmacological and toxicological agents at a neuroanatomical level.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Reversible acquisition of a host cell surface membrane antigen by Trypanosoma cruzi.

The ability of Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiological agent of Chagas' disease to acquire host cell surface antigen was tested. Parasites emerging after intracellular replication in WOS sarcoma monolayers expressed a sarcoma-associated surface antigen. This antigen was deleted from these parasites after replication in the MNS control monolayer, which does not express WOS sarcoma-associated surface antigen, or by replication in cell-free medium. This type of reversible acquisition of host surface antigen has not been previously described in T. cruzi or other intracellular protozoan parasites.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The role of immunoperoxidase staining in diagnostic cytology.

A survey was made of the immune staining characteristics of 60 malignant neoplasms. Cytologically positive smears from each case were tested against a panel of six antibodies (alpha-antichymotrypsin, carcinoembryonic antigen, cytokeratin, desmin, vimentin and S-100 protein). The smears were decolorized and stained with polyclonal sera using the standard avidin-biotin immunoperoxidase procedure. In selected cases, the application of Diatex compound for partition of smears was necessary to obtain optimal results. Most staining reactions reflected the histogenesis of the neoplasms. However, more than one of five reactions was nonconclusive due to background staining, scanty cellularity or poor cytoplasmic preservation; furthermore, the 238 reactions scored as positive or negative included 33 unexpected positives and 15 unexpected negatives. In a series of 20 additional cases, selective immunoperoxidase staining was used in an attempt to solve specific diagnostic problems; the results in 13 of 15 cases with conclusive staining agreed with the cytologic impression. It is concluded that standard immunoperoxidase techniques can contribute to the solution of certain diagnostic problems in cytology; however, the results should be interpreted with caution and with full knowledge of the limitations of the technique.

Carcinoembryonic Antigen↗