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Biomedical subjects

Qiang Gao

Publications and source records attributed to Qiang Gao.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2026

Weight regain following discontinuation of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in adults who are overweight or obese: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to explore the effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) on weight changes and the occurrence of adverse reactions in overweight or obese adults after drug withdrawal. METHODS: Computerized searches were conducted in evidence-based databases such as PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Scopus. The search period was from the establishment of the database to December 2025. Collect randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and controlled trials on GLP-1RAs, including tirzepatide, semaglutide, liraglutide, and dulaglutide, for the treatment of overweight or obese adult patients. The risk of bias in the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias V2.0 tool provided by the Cochrane Collaboration, and meta-analysis was performed using the R programming language. RESULTS: A total of 699 studies were initially retrieved. Eventually, six studies involving 8,993 patients were included in the quantitative analysis, comprising 5,553 patients in the discontinuation group and 3,440 in the continued treatment group. The results of the meta-analysis showed that, compared with the continued treatment group, the weight difference in the discontinuation group was mean difference (MD) = 17.90%, 95% confidence interval (CI) [14.11-21.69], P&#xa0;<&#xa0;0.0001. It can be seen that there was a significant rebound in weight after drug withdrawal, and there was statistical heterogeneity among the studies (P&#xa0;=&#xa0;0.0082). Subgroup analysis further revealed that the weight rebound amplitude after discontinuation of tirzepatide was significantly higher than that of semaglutide. This result suggests that the differences in the mechanism of action of different GLP-1RAs may be the reason for the differences in weight changes after discontinuation. In addition, the percentage difference in body weight between after and before drug withdrawal was MD = 9.11%, 95% CI [7.91-10.30], P&#xa0;<&#xa0;0.0001, further verifying the trend of weight rebound after drug withdrawal. The summary of adverse reaction reports analyzed and studied indicates that after drug withdrawal, the overall adverse reactions of patients decreased, gastrointestinal adverse reactions decreased, and the incidence of cardiovascular events was not affected by drug withdrawal. CONCLUSION: There is a significant weight rebound phenomenon after discontinuation of GLP-1RAs, and the rebound magnitudes vary among different types of drugs. At the same time, there is a risk of adverse reactions during the use of such drugs.

Humans↗
PubMed2026

Engineered genomic attachment sites for site-specific recombinases enable high-efficiency integration in plants and human cells.

Here we developed a DNA-centric strategy for optimizing site-specific recombination by rationally engineering chimeric attachment sites. The high-activity att variants enhance Bxb1-mediated integration efficiency in human cells and plants. Among these att variants, the engineered attB(V111) site achieved 51.9% integration efficiency in HEK293T cells (1.7-fold versus wild-type attB) and 35.6% in rice protoplasts (4.4-fold versus wild-type attB). When paired with an engineered single protein mutant in the Bxb1 catalytic domain, the optimized system achieved targeted integration efficiencies of 31% for a CD19 chimeric antigen receptor cassette and 25% for an ornithine transcarbamylase expression cassette in human cells. In rice, these engineered variants enabled integration of a 5.8&#x2009;kb herbicide-resistance cassette at a targeted genomic locus, with stable integration detected in 24% of regenerated plants. Oxford Nanopore-based long-read sequencing of edited plants reveals complete and precise insertion with high specificity. Propagation of edited seedlings to T1 plants confirms heritable editing to future generations. This approach provides a safe, broadly applicable approach for recombinase-based genome editing.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2026

AKR7A3 rs1738023 association with susceptibility to female hepatocellular carcinoma and its role in AFB1 metabolism and tumor.

BACKGROUND: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancer worldwide. In this study, we performed a two-stage exome-chip association analysis and found that the aldo-keto reductase family7 member A3 (AKR7A3) rs1738023 may be a potential susceptibility locus for HCC in females. We aimed to explore its role and mechanism. METHODS: The association between genotype and phenotype was analyzed through GWAS method. The expression of AKR7A3 in cancer tissue and blood analysis by qRT-PCR. The relationship of AKR7A3 and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) was also analyzed. The effect of AKR7A3 on the biological behavior of HCC cell line was investigated on proliferation and invasion. The potential mechanism was analyzed by transcriptome analysis and western blot. RESULTS: Through genome-wide association analysis (GWAS), AKR7A3 (rs1738023), KIF2C (rs4342887), and CYP3A5 (rs6977165 and rs4646450) were found to be associated with susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in women. Further expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analysis showed that only AKR7A3 (rs1738023) was significantly associated with gene expression. The expression of AKR7A3 was significantly lower in HCC than adjacent non-tumorous tissues (P&#x2009;<&#x2009;0.001). The genotype of rs1738023 was significantly associated with AKR7A3 expression (P&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.0085). Rs1738023[C] genotype had a low AKR7A3 expression level and limited detoxification ability of AFB1. Literature data showed that AKR7A3 is involved in the metabolism of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). Functional experimental results showed that overexpression of AKR7A3 in the normal liver cell line HL-7702 could significantly reduce AFB1-induced ROS levels and DNA adduct formation, suggesting that it plays a protective role in AFB1 metabolic detoxification. Cell function test showed that overexpression of AKR7A3 inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of HCC cells, and block the cell cycle. Transcriptome sequencing and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed that overexpression of AKR7A3 affected the PI3K signaling pathway and led to downregulation of HIF1A and its downstream VEGFA protein expression. The validation results were confirmed in HCC cell lines Huh-7 and SUN-387. CONCLUSION: Overexpression of AKR7A3 contributes to inhibition of HCC progression and reduction of aflatoxin toxicity. AKR7A3 may serve as a potential prognostic and therapeutic target for HCC patients, although further validation is needed.

AKR7A3↗
PubMed2026

Selection of GhTT2-A07 promoter enhances fiber quality in improved cotton varieties.

Modern cultivated cotton fibers are predominantly white with enhanced quality compared to their wild ancestors. However, the molecular mechanisms and evolutionary drivers linking fiber color to quality remain least focused. In this study, we identified FQC1 (Fiber Quality and Color 1), a major quantitative trait locus (QTL) on chromosome A07 that concurrently regulates both fiber quality and pigmentation. Through map-based cloning, we revealed that Gossypium hirsutum TRANSPARENT TESTA2-A07 (GhTT2-A07), an R2R3-MYB transcription factor, resides within this locus. GhTT2-A07 modulates fiber development by directly activating genes in the general phenylpropanoid pathway, thereby promoting the metabolic flux toward downstream secondary metabolites. Variations in the GhTT2-A07 promoter led to its reduced expression in modern white cotton cultivars. This down-regulation suppresses the accumulation of S/G/H-type lignin monomers and proanthocyanidins, resulting in altered secondary cell wall composition and ultimately enhancing the quality of mature white fibers. Population genetic analyses further indicate that the white-fiber allele GhTT2-A07W has been fixed in modern breeding genotypes, underscoring the impact of artificial selection during cotton domestication. Overall, our study elucidates the biochemical and molecular mechanisms underlying fiber quality and pigmentation in cotton, clarifies the selection criteria for high-quality white fibers in modern cultivars, and provides a theoretical basis for future targeted genetic improvement of cotton fibers.

Alleles↗
PubMed2024

ST3GAL1 Promotes Malignant Phenotypes in Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma.

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) has a poor prognosis, and elucidation of the molecular mechanisms underlying iCCA malignancy is of great significance. Glycosylation, an important post-translational modification, is closely associated with tumor progression. Altered glycosylation, including aberrant sialylation resulting from abnormal expression of sialyltransferases (STs) and neuraminidases (NEUs), is a significant feature of cancer cells. However, there is limited information on the roles of STs and NEUs in iCCA malignancy. Here, utilizing our proteogenomic resources from a cohort of 262 patients with iCCA, we identified ST3GAL1 as a prognostically relevant molecule in iCCA. Moreover, overexpression of ST3GAL1 promoted proliferation, migration, and invasion and inhibited apoptosis of iCCA cells in&#xa0;vitro. Through proteomic analyses, we identified the downstream pathway potentially regulated by ST3GAL1, which was the NF-&#x3ba;B signaling pathway, and further demonstrated that this pathway was positively correlated with malignancy in iCCA cells. Notably, glycoproteomics showed that O-glycosylation was changed in iCCA cells with high ST3GAL1 expression. Importantly, the altered O-glycopeptides underscored the potential utility of O-glycosylation profiling as a discriminatory marker for iCCA cells with ST3GAL1 overexpression. Additionally, miR-320b was identified as a post-transcriptional regulator of ST3GAL1, capable of suppressing ST3GAL1 expression and then reducing the proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities of iCCA cell lines. Taken together, these results suggest ST3GAL1 could serve as a promising therapeutic target for iCCA.

Female↗
PubMed2006

Copper(I)-catalyzed chlorine atom transfer radical cyclization reactions of unsaturated alpha-chloro beta-keto esters.

Copper(I) chloride catalyzed chlorine atom transfer radical cyclization reactions of a series of olefinic alpha-chloro beta-keto esters were investigated. It was found that alpha-dichlorinated beta-keto esters were suitable substrates; the chlorine transfer mono or tandem radical cyclization reactions catalyzed by CuCl complex with bis(oxazoline) or bipyridine proceeded smoothly in dichloroethane at room temperature or 80 degrees C, providing cyclic and bicyclic compounds in moderate to high yield. [reaction: see text]

Catalysis↗
PubMed2006

Macrophage matrix metalloproteinase-2/-9 gene and protein expression following adhesion to ECM-derived multifunctional matrices via integrin complexation.

Macrophages are commonly observed at the biomaterial-tissue interface and interact with the extracellular matrix (ECM) mainly by integrin receptors to play a critical role in ECM turnover by secreting matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). To investigate beta1 and beta3 containing integrin-mediated adhesion and subsequent MMP-2/-9 protein and gene expression in human blood-derived monocytes, biofunctional peptides immobilized onto flexible polyethylene glycol (PEG) arms were grafted onto a gelatin-based interpenetrating network (IPN). Adherent monocyte density was dramatically greater in the presence of RGD immobilized onto flexible PEG arms of the gelatin-based IPN. Pretreatment of monocytes with either anti-integrin beta1 or beta3 led to a significant decrease in adherent cell density on RGD-PEG-grafted IPNs. MMP-2 and MMP-9 protein and MMP-9 mRNA expression increased in the presence of IPNs initially, independent of ligand identity. Anti-integrin beta1 or beta3 antibody pretreatment of monocytes led to a general decrease in MMP-2/-9 protein expression. These results demonstrate the importance of beta1 and beta3 containing integrins in mediating monocyte adhesion onto RGD immobilized onto flexible PEG arms of the IPN. The results also reveal that MMP-2/-9 protein and gene expression is influenced by the presence of gelatin and not the ligands immobilized on the PEG arms of the IPN.

Cell Adhesion↗
PubMed2006

Safety and immunogenicity of an inactivated adjuvanted whole-virion influenza A (H5N1) vaccine: a phase I randomised controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Avian influenza A virus H5N1 has caused widespread infections that have resulted in severe disease or death in poultry and wild birds as well as human beings. This virus has the potential to emerge as a pandemic threat and H5N1 vaccines are being developed in many countries. Our aim was to assess the safety and immunogenicity of an inactivated adjuvanted whole-virion H5N1 vaccine. METHODS: A stratified randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind phase I clinical trial was done in 120 volunteers aged 18-60 years. Volunteers were assigned to receive two doses of placebo (n=24) or an inactivated whole-virion influenza A (H5N1) vaccine with 1.25 microg (24), 2.5 microg (24), 5 microg (24), or 10 microg (24) haemagglutinin per dose with aluminium hydroxide adjuvant on day 0 and 28. Serum samples were obtained on day 0, 14, 28, 42, and 56 for haemagglutination inhibition and virus neutralisation assays. This trial is registered with the ClinicalTrials.gov registry with the number NCT00356798. FINDINGS: All four formulations of vaccines were well tolerated. No serious adverse event was reported and most local and systemic reactions were mild and transient. All formulations induced antibody responses after the first dose; the highest immune response of 78% seropositivity was seen in the 10 mug group after two vaccine doses. Two individuals dropped out: one in the 1.25 microg group (withdrew consent) and one in the 10 microg group (discontinued); one individual was also excluded from the final analysis. INTERPRETATION: A two-dose regimen of an adjuvanted 10 microg inactivated whole-virion H5N1 vaccine met all European regulatory requirements for annual licensing of seasonal influenza vaccine. Lower doses of this vaccine could achieve immune responses equivalent to those elicited by adjuvanted or non-adjuvanted split-virion vaccines. The use of a whole virion vaccine could be more adaptable to the antigen-sparing strategy recommended by WHO for protection against an influenza pandemic.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed2006

Treatment of gastric precancerous lesions with Weiansan.

AIM: To observe the curative effect of Weiansan (WAS) on gastric precancerous lesions (GPL) and H pylori elimination. METHODS: Seventy-six patients with GPL were randomly divided into two groups: WAS group (n = 42) and Weifuchun (WFC) group (n = 34). The patients in the WAS group were administered 5 g WAS 3 times a day, and the patients in the WFC group took WFC (4 tablets) 3 times a day. To monitor inflammation of gastric mucosa, degree of glandular atrophy (GA), intestinal metaplasia (IM) and dysplasia, and H pylori infection, all patients underwent gastroscopy and biopsy with pathological examination before and after treatment. Fifty male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were used in animal experiments. Of these, 10 served as the control group (n = 10), 40 were given ranitidine combined with N-methyl-N(1)-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) for 12 wk and divided into 4 groups randomly: model group (n = 10), high-dose WAS group (n = 10), low-dose WAS group (n = 10) and WFC group (n = 10). Twelve weeks later, all rats were killed and a 2 cm multiply 1 cm tissue was taken from the lesser curvature of the gastric antrum. H pylori infection was determined by the fast urease method. RESULTS: The curative effect in WAS groups was similar to that in WFC groups. There was no statistical difference in degree of GA, IM and dysplasia between WAS and WFC groups. The rate of H pylori infection in the model group (positive/negative: 9/1) was significantly higher than that in the control group (positive/negative: 1/9) (P < 0.01). H pylori elimination in the high-dose WAS group (positive/negative: 4/6) and low-dose WAS group (positive/negative: 6/4) was similar to that in the WFC group (positive/negative: 4/6) (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: WAS improves clinical symptoms by suppressing GA, IM and dysplasia and eliminating H pylori.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Cloning of an H+-PPase gene from Thellungiella halophila and its heterologous expression to improve tobacco salt tolerance.

An H(+)-pyrophosphatase (PPase) gene named TsVP involved in basic biochemical and physiological mechanisms was cloned from Thellungiella halophila. The deduced translation product has similar characteristics to H(+)-PPases from other species, such as Arabidopsis and rice, in terms of bioinformation. The heterologous expression of TsVP in the yeast mutant ena1 suppressed Na(+) hypersensitivity and demonstrated the function of TsVP as an H(+)-PPase. Transgenic tobacco overexpressing TsVP had 60% greater dry weight than wild-type tobacco at 300 mM NaCl and higher viability of mesophyll protoplasts under salt shock stress conditions. TsVP and AVP1, another H(+)-PPase from Arabidopsis, were heterologously expressed separately in both the yeast mutant ena1 and tobacco. The salt tolerance of TsVP or AVP1 yeast transformants and transgenic tobacco were improved to almost the same level. The TsVP transgenic tobacco lines TL3 and TL5 with the highest H(+)-PPase hydrolytic activity were studied further. These transgenic tobacco plants accumulated 25% more solutes than wild-type plants without NaCl stress and 20-32% more Na(+) under salt stress conditions. Although transgenic tobacco lines TL3 and TL5 accumulated more Na(+) in leaf tissues, the malondialdehyde content and cell membrane damage were less than those of the wild type under salt stress conditions. Presumably, compartmentalization of Na(+) in vacuoles reduces its toxic effects on plant cells. This result supports the hypothesis that overexpression of H(+)-PPase causes the accumulation of Na(+) in vacuoles instead of in the cytoplasm and avoids the toxicity of excessive Na(+) in plant cells.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2006

Dendritic cell infiltration and prognosis of human hepatocellular carcinoma.

AIM: To elucidate the relationship between local immunocompetent cells and prognosis of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after resection. METHODS: HE staining and immunohistochemical study were carried out on specimens from patients underwent surgical resection. Local immunocompetent cells, such as dendritic cells (DCs), memory T cells, CD3+ T lymphocytes and CD8+ T lymphocytes, were counted and their relationships with tumor-free survival rate were analyzed by grouping DCs with the T lymphocytes retrospectively. RESULTS: The number grade of infiltrating immunocompetent cells in HCC nodules and pericancerous tissues under HE staining had no significant correlation with tumor-free survival time (P=0.054, 0.071, respectively). DCs were mainly among tumor cells, encircling tumor cells with their pseudopodia and were in contact with T lymphocytes. A certain number of DCs in HCC nodules (> or =25/10HPF) statistically correlated to tumor-free survival time (P=0.005), while a certain number of DCs in pericancerous tissues (> or =28/10HPF) had no correlation with tumor-free survival time (P=0.329). The number of memory T cells, CD3+ T lymphocytes and CD8+ T lymphocytes in HCC nodules strongly correlated to tumor-free survival time (P=0.003, 0.005, 0.037, respectively). The tumor-free survival rate curves revealed that the more DCs or together with memory T cells/CD3+ T lymphocytes or that the more CD8+ T lymphocytes were detected in HCC nodules, the better the prognosis would be. CONCLUSIONS: Marked infiltration of DCs in HCC nodules was closely related to the prognosis of HCC after surgical resection and can be served as a predictive index for recurrence and metastasis of HCC.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Influence of nanowire density on the shape and optical properties of ternary InGaAs nanowires.

We have synthesized ternary InGaAs nanowires on (111)B GaAs surfaces by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition. Au colloidal nanoparticles were employed to catalyze nanowire growth. We observed the strong influence of nanowire density on nanowire height, tapering, and base shape specific to the nanowires with high In composition. This dependency was attributed to the large difference of diffusion length on (111)B surfaces between In and Ga reaction species, with In being the more mobile species. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis together with high-resolution electron microscopy study of individual InGaAs nanowires shows large In/Ga compositional variation along the nanowire supporting the present diffusion model. Photoluminescence spectra exhibit a red shift with decreasing nanowire density due to the higher degree of In incorporation in more sparsely distributed InGaAs nanowires.

Arsenicals↗
PubMed2005

Ni(II)-catalyzed Conia-ene reaction of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds with alkynes.

[reaction: see text]. We have discovered a Ni(II)-catalyzed Conia-ene reaction of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds with alkynes. In the presence of Ni(acac)2 and Yb(OTf)3, various acetylenic 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds underwent Conia-ene reaction to give mono- and bicyclic olefinic cyclopentanes. A mechanism involving the enol-yne-Ni complex formation is proposed and supported by deuterium-labeling experiments.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2005

Preparation and characterization of SARS in-house reference antiserum.

A reference antiserum for SARS is in urgent need in the development of SARS vaccine and other serological test of SARS research. Convalescent serum was collected from clinical confirmed patient. ELISA, Western-blotting and neutralization assay detected specific antibody against SARS coronavirus. This antiserum was prepared as in-house reference antiserum, freeze-dried and sealed in ampoules. The potency of this reference antiserum is defined to be 52.7 U after extensive calibration. Further, collaborative studies for the evaluation of this serum are needed in order to satisfy the requirements for international reference antiserum.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

A serological survey on neutralizing antibody titer of SARS convalescent sera.

A seroepidemiologic study was conducted in North China in 2003 to determine the neutralizing antibody titer of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) convalescent sera. A total of 99 SARS convalescent serum samples were collected from patients from the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hebei Province, and Beijing 35-180 days after the onset of symptoms. The anti-SARS antibodies were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), neutralization assay, and Western blot. Eighty-seven serum samples were confirmed to be positive for SARS antibodies. The neutralizing antibody titer of the 87 positive sera was analyzed quantitatively by neutralization assay. The geometric mean titer (GMT) of the 87 convalescent sera was 1:61. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test showed that the neutralizing antibody titers conform to normal distribution, which suggests that the average anti-SARS antibody level in this study was representative of the convalescent antibody level of the SARS population. This result could be useful for the development and quality control of SARS vaccines.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed2005

Strong binding of naphthyridine derivatives to a guanine base in DNA duplexes containing an AP site.

By using UV thermal denaturation and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), we examine the binding behaviors of a hydrogen bond-forming ligand, 2-acetylamino-7-methyl-1,8-naphthyridine (AcMND), with a guanine base opposite an abasic site (AP site) in a DNA duplex (5'-TCC AGX GCA AC-3'/3'-AGG TCG CGT TG-5', X = AP site, G = target). In the presence of AcMND, the melting temperature (Tm) of the AP site-containing DNA duplex increases by 8.6 degrees C while hardly any change in Tm is observed for a corresponding normal duplex that has no AP sites. The examination by ITC reveals that, in solutions buffered to pH 7.0 (at 10 degrees C, I = 0.11 M), AcMND is able to recognize guanine base with a 1:1 binding constant of 3.4x10(5) M(-1). The ligand-nucleotide interaction is clearly enthalpy driven, with deltaH(o) of -12.5 kcal/mol. We discuss these binding functions of AcMND at the AP site with a view towards development of ligand-based assay for SNPs (single-nucleotide polymorphisms) typing.

Calorimetry↗
PubMed2005

[Observation of IR spectra from doped SO(2)4- / ZrO2 nanosolid superacid].

In this paper, ZrO(OH)2 was prepared with sol-gel method, then a series of metal-ions-doped SO(2)4- /ZrO2 nanosolid superacids were prepared by impregnated ZrO(OH)2 using diluted H2SO4 and Ni2+ , Al3+, Sn4+, Ag+ , Sn2+ etc. salt solutions. The samples were characterized by IR, XRD, TEM and chemical analysis method. The result shows that the IR spectra of samples are the characteristic spectra of the solid superacids. The stretching frequencies of Zr--O and S==O in Ni2+ and Sn4+ doped samples are obviously increased, the v(Zr-o) values of Zr--O increase from 485 cm(-1) for SO(2)4- /ZrO2 to 500 cm(-1) for both Ni2+ and Sn4+ doped samples, the v(as) values of S==O increase from 1 390 cm(-1) for So(2)4- /ZrO2 to 1405 and 1400 cm(-1) for Ni2+ and Sn4+ doped samples respectively, but that in Sn2+ doped sample increases a little. It is indicated that the samples doped by Ni2+ and Sn4+ show higher super acidity than SO(2)4- /ZrO2 . The IR spectra of samples were determined at different calcination temperatures. It was found that the stretching frequencies of Zr--O and S==O in Ni2+ and Al3+ doped samples are obviously increased with the increase in calcination temperature, but that in Ag+ doped sample is not.

Aluminum↗