Biomedical subjects

Qunhui Wang

Publications and source records attributed to Qunhui Wang.

8 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Effect of low temperature on eutrophicated waterbody restoration by Spirodela polyrhiza.

Spirodela polyrhiza exposed to low temperature was investigated to study the possible application for recovering eutrophicated waterbody at 10-12 degrees C. The cell growth and enzymatic resistance to oxidative stress were compared with that grown at optimum temperature (26-28 degrees C). The frond number, fresh weight, soluble protein, chlorophyll, carrot pigment, root length, peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured. The results demonstrated that the cell growth, the synthesis and absorption ability decreased and the protective enzymes increased. S. polyrhiza encountered seriously oxidative damage at such low temperature condition, and it was not suitable for recovering the eutrophicated natural waterbody at low temperature of 10-12 degrees C.

Antioxidants↗

PubMed2006

Photolysis behavior of herbicide propisochlor in water media and preliminary analysis of photoproducts under different light sources.

Photolysis behavior of a new herbicide propisochlor in water media as well as the effects of light sources, initial concentration of propisochlor, pH value, dissolved oxygen (DO) level, and salinity on the photolysis process was investigated. It was found that the relationship between initial concentration of propisochlor and its photodegradation rate was negatively correlated. The changes in acidity and alkalinity of the reaction medium influenced the photoreaction rate evidently. In the alkaline solution the degradation was accelerated. In the reaction media with different pH values, the photolysis followed the first-order kinetics. The presence of dissolved oxygen may promote the photolysis and there existed an optimum of dissolved oxygen concentrations. Increasing the DO level can weaken the promotion and even have an adverse effect. It was demonstrated that with dissolved oxygen the photodegradation of propisochlor followed the first-order kinetics equation. The addition of salt ions Ca2+ and Mg2+ changed the ionic strength and solvent polarity, resulting in the effect on propisochlor photolysis. The photoproducts were detected by both HPLC and GC-MS methods. It was found that photolysis products varied under different light sources. Conclusions may be reached that in the photodegradation of propisochlor, the benzene ring remained intact under irradiation of both solar light and high-pressure mercury lamp, and the amido link was relatively stable, while dechlorination was liable to take place; moreover, alpha-hydrogen at the substituent of benzene ring was active.

Acetamides↗

PubMed2006

Contamination characteristics and degradation behavior of low-density polyethylene film residues in typical farmland soils of China.

Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) film residues left in farmlands due to agricultural activities were extensively investigated to evaluate the present pollution situation by selecting the typical areas with LDPE film application, including Harbin, Baoding, and Handan of China. The survey results demonstrated that the film residues were ubiquitous within the investigated areas and the amount reached 2,400-8,200 g ha(-1). Breakage rates of the film residues were almost at the same level in the studied fields. There were relatively small amounts of film residues remaining in neighboring farmland fields without application of LDPE film. The studies showed that the sheets of LDPE residues had the same oxidative deterioration, which was probably due to photodegradation instead of biodegradation. The higher molecular weight components of the LDPE film gradually decreased, which were reflected by the appearance of some small flakes detached from the film bodies. LDPE films in the investigated fields gradually deteriorated and the decomposing levels developed with their left time increasing. The degradation behaviors of LDPE films were confirmed by using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscopic (SEM), and gel permeation chromatography analyses.

Agriculture↗

PubMed2006

Biochemical responses of two typical duckweeds exposed to dibutyl phthalate.

Effect of dibutyl phthalate (DBP) on physiologic and biochemical characteristics of two species of duckweed (Spirodela polyrhiza and Lemna minor) from Tai Lake in China was investigated. The results indicated that different degree of poisoning symptoms appeared on duckweeds after 7 days' exposure to different concentrations of DBP. With the increase of DBP concentration, content of chlorophyll and soluble protein decreased sharply, and activity of anti-oxidant enzyme systems including catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content increased significantly and decreased afterwards. With the concentration of DBP of 0.5 mg/L and 0.005 mg/L, SOD activity of Spirodela polyrhiza and Lemna minor reached peak value respectively, while CAT activity were maximum under the concentration of 1mg/L and 0.05 mg/L. It could be concluded that DBP can affect the growth of both Spirodela polyrhiza and Lemna minor, and the former has better endurance to exposure than the latter.

Araceae↗

PubMed2005

Bioconversion of kitchen garbage to lactic acid by two wild strains of Lactobacillus species.

To enhance lactic acid (LA) production from kitchen garbage, which is a raw material for biodegradable plastics production, the application of high-performance lactic acid bacteria (LAB) as inocula was investigated. Two wild strains of Lactobacillus species, designated as TH165 and TD175, were isolated and screened from kitchen garbage. Strain TH165 was capable of hydrolyzing starch to produce LA; 49.5% of starch was broken down in fermentation medium containing 8.52 g/L of soluble starch, and 4.01 g/L of LA was produced after 24 h fermentation at 37 degrees C without pH control. Strain TD175 could produce 16.06 g/L of LA, 66.9% higher than that of Lactobacillus bulgaricus ACCC11058 in fermentation medium containing 2.0% glucose at 30 degrees C without pH control. Furthermore, coinoculation of strains TH165 and TD175 enhanced the LA production, resulting in 33.80 g/L of LA concentration and 0.46 g/g (DW) of LA yield from nonautoclaved kitchen garbage after 72 h fermentation with pH maintained at 5.5-6.0, values 36.9% higher than those of the fermentation without inoculum (control). This study shows that enhancement of LA production from kitchen garbage can be realized by using high-performance LAB. This recycling system is conducive to clear away pollutants and to reduce cost of LA production.

Biodegradation, Environmental↗

PubMed2004

Basic study on anaerobic biological filtration using a floating filter media.

An experiment of anaerobic filtration using a floating media was carried out in this study. In the present system, a bench-scale column of 50 mm in diameter and of 1500 mm in height and a floating media consisting of S-shaped polystyrene pieces were employed. The purpose of this study was to collect the basic data of anaerobic biological filtration using a floating media. Under the laboratory conditions, it was found that the start-up of an anaerobic biological filter took about half month at 20 degrees C and a lower BOD loading was favorable for this start-up. The BOD removal efficiency over 60% could be achieved at a BOD volumetric loading of the filter bed under 6 kg/m3/d. An effluent BOD concentration became high when the flow rate was high, especially with circulation of treated water, which afforded a large effect on an effluent BOD concentration. As for the mechanism of BOD removal by anaerobic filtration, it was evident that long retention time worked in favor for organic acid generation, and the circulation of treated water promoted decomposition of organic acids.

Bacteria, Anaerobic↗

PubMed2003

[The treatment of odor containing hydrogen sulfide released in the wastewater of pharmaceutical factory by high efficient bio-reactor with the packed stuffing].

The removal experiment of odor containing hydrogen sulfide(H2S) from sewage disposal plant of pharmaceutical factory was carried out continuously by biological deodorization reactor packed with ZX01 stuffing. The results suggested that removal efficiency of hydrogen sulfide was nearly 100% and metabolism products of H2S was mainly composed of SO4(2-), when the maximum influent load of the bio-reactor was 204 g/(m3.h). When effluent wastewater from second setting pit was used as spray water which containing a small quantity of nitrogen, phosphorus and other elements, the optimum volume of spray water was 3.56 L/(L.d). The bio-reactor had stronger ability to resist shock of high concentration load. The bio-reactor was not blocked during experiment of six months in which resistance was maintained at lower value, therefore, the bio-reactor need not carry out a back washing frequently, and it can be operated steadily for long-term.

Bioreactors↗

PubMed2002

Effects of anaerobic/aerobic incubation and storage temperature on preservation and deodorization of kitchen garbage.

To develop a garbage recycling system for the purpose of the production of lactic acid (LA) to use as raw material for producing biodegradable plastics, the preservation and deodorization of garbage during storage are very important. Anaerobic incubation (i.e., storage) was prove to be more suitable than aerobic incubation during the garbage storage in terms of concentration of LA and soluble sugar, pH value, viable bacteria counts and offensive odour substances. This difference is due to a fact that the growth of putrefactive bacteria such as coliforms and Clostridium spp. appeared to be inhibited by anaerobic fermentation during the storage, because the fermentation caused a drop of garbage pH and generated inhibitory substances, i.e., bacteriocins. Under anaerobic condition, LA concentration in the stored garbage was found to be higher in the order: 37 > 25 > 50 > 5 degrees C, and the concentration of sugar accumulated during the 50 degrees C-storage was the highest. Among the conditions employed, the optimum condition for the storage of kitchen garbage was anaerobic at 5 degrees C.

Bacteria, Aerobic↗