An examination of some complexing agents for ability to remove intracellularly deposited plutonium.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to R A Bulman.
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The actinides, plutonium, americium and curium, are being produced in increasing quantites as the nuclear programme is expanded. As these alpha-particle-emitting elements are hazardous to man there is considerable concern about the movement of these elements through the environment; The uptake of these elements from soil into the plants is low, as is the gastrointestinal concentration factor. Although there are complexing agents in the environment which have been shown to complex these elements there is no evidence that these complexing agents might bring about a concentration of actinides in the food chain of man.
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Mycelial cell wall preparations of Penicillium charlesii G. Smith have been shown to have a total neutral carbohydrate content of 69%. Glucosamine which comprises 12% of the wall is present principally as chitin. Lipids comprise 37.5% of the wall while polypeptides comprise 19.5%. No galactofuranose units are present in the wall of this organism which is known to produce an extracellular beta-1,5-galactofuranose containing polymer.
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The organisms E. coli, S. aureus, K. aerogenes, Pr. vulgaris and S. abortusovis were inhibited by 3-chloropropane-1,2-diol at high concentrations (ca 10,000 mug/ml) and Ps. aeruginosa was unaffected. The phospholipid and lipoamino acid composition of E. coli, S. aureus and S. cerevisiae was altered by growth in the presence of 3-chloropropane-1,2-diol. The effect of growth under these conditions on the sensitivity of the bacteria to various antibacterial agents was determined and appears to depend on the hydrophobicity of the drug molecule. Cell division of E. coli and S. aureus was impaired by growth in the presence of 3-chloropropane-1,2-diol leading to filamentous forms. The change in phospholipid composition of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms may influence cell division and antibiotic sensitivity.
The lanthanides, lanthanum and neodymium, do not completely replace calcium in producing heat-resistant spores in Bacillus cereus SV1. The chelate stability of calcium-dipicolinic acid appears to be important in the heat resistance of bacterial spores as does the ability of calcium to produce a hydrophobic environment.
Bacillus cereus was able to grow and produced local infections following subcutaneous or intramuscular injection. An inflammatory response was produced with necrosis of muscle fibres and calcification. The organism was sensitive to chemotherapeutic agents on in vitro tests.
The ability of Aureobasidium pullulans, Cladosporium herbarum and Cryptostroma corticale to produce local lesions in the rabbit was examined. Both C. corticale and A. pullulans can survive in vivo and produce the inflammatory response typical of mycetoma. C. herbarum failed to grow or survive in vivo.
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