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Biomedical subjects

R A Dieppa

Publications and source records attributed to R A Dieppa.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1980

Glomerular dynamics in rats with hereditary hydronephrosis.

Micropuncture and metabolic studies were performed using Sprague-Dawley rats with hereditary hydronephrosis secondary to vesicoureteric reflux. Whole kidney and single nephron glomerular filtration rates in hydronephrotic and nonhydronephrotic rats were essentially identical. Filtration rates were maintained near normal in hydronephrotic rats because of an elevation in the mean glomerular transcapillary hydraulic pressure difference which effectively offsets a lower initial glomerular capillary plasma flow rate and a possible decrease in the glomerular capillary ultrafiltration coefficient relative to nonhydronephrotic rats. Additional renal abnormalities, including a urinary concentrating defect, a renal sodium conserving defect, and calcium apatite nephrolithiasis, were also found in hydronephrotic rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

The bladder in boys with posterior urethral valves: a urodynamic assessment.

Urodynamic evaluation was performed on 8 of 62 boys (13 per cent) with persistent voiding difficulties after fulguration of posterior urethral valves. All had varying degrees of incontinence when evaluated. The striated muscle component of the external urethral sphincter was intact in each child. Five different types of bladder function were noted in the 8 children. Three boys had had a prior Y-V plasty of the bladder neck to improve upper and lower urinary tract emptying, which may have contributed to the subsequent incontinence. One additional boy had significant bladder neck obstruction requiring a unilateral bladder neck incision to improve voiding. Appropriate treatment plans were instituted based on the urodynamic findings of the bladder, bladder neck and external sphincter areas, and 6 of the 8 children are now completely continent.

Child↗
PubMed1977

Urodynamic evaluation of boy with myelodysplasia and incontinence.

Twenty-two boys with myelodysplasia and incontinence were evaluated urodynamically. Three types of bladder function were noted, but each could not be correlated with any particular neuroligic level. The integrity of the external sphincter innervation was determined by electomyographic monitoring of periurethral striated muscle. Bladder sphincter dyssynergia was found in one of the boys with voluntary control, five with involuntary bladder contractions, and five with adynamic bladders who voided by Credé's method. A radiologically narrow external sphincter on voiding cystography could only be correlated with the bioelectric activity in children with dyssynergia. A narrow sphincter was also noted in three children with synergy and four with complete lower motor neuron lesions. Marked fibrosis was found to be the cause of narrowing of external sphincter area in these boys. Thus, urodynamic evaluation helped define the etiology of outlet obstruction when it was present in the boy with myelodysplasia. A classification of bladder sphincter function is proposed.

Adolescent↗