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Biomedical subjects

R A Dominguez

Publications and source records attributed to R A Dominguez.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Serotonergic antidepressants and their efficacy in obsessive compulsive disorder.

Since 1985, major advances have been made in the pharmacologic treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder. Clomipramine is undoubtedly effective. Other selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, such as fluvoxamine and sertraline, seem effective as well. Fluoxetine's efficacy has been principally based on convincing open-label studies and clinical practice. No large controlled studies have been published. A preliminary analysis of a double-blind trial in which 51 obsessive compulsive disorder patients were randomly assigned to either placebo or three fixed doses of fluoxetine reveals that the drug is decisively helpful. Unexpectedly, the 20-mg/day dose was as effective as the 40- or 60-mg/day dose. Although these findings further advance our understanding of short-term pharmacologic treatments, few data are available regarding maintenance doses, relapse, and efficacy of adjunctive treatments.

Clomipramine↗
PubMed1990

Estazolam and flurazepam: a multicenter, placebo-controlled comparative study in outpatients with insomnia.

A multicenter, double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial was designed to compare the safety and efficacy of estazolam compared with flurazepam as hypnotics. Outpatients complaining of insomnia were randomized to receive either estazolam 2 mg, flurazepam 30 mg or placebo for 7 consecutive nights. The analysis of efficacy was based on the patients' daily assessments of sleep and the investigators' global evaluations. Adverse events which were considered by the investigator to be attributable to, or of unknown relationship to the test medication were analyzed. The patient subjective questionnaire indicated that estazolam and flurazepam significantly improved all parameters (P less than .05) as compared to placebo. A marked or moderate improvement in sleep was reported by 81% (58/72), 78% (63/81) and 36% (27/76) of estazolam, flurazepam, and placebo recipients, respectively. There were no significant differences in hypnotic effect between estazolam and flurazepam. All efficacy parameters of the investigators' global evaluation improved significantly more (P less than .05) for patients receiving estazolam or flurazepam (except quality of sleep) than for those receiving placebo. The percentage of patients reporting any adverse experience was greatest for flurazepam (72%), followed by estazolam (59%), and placebo (43%). Somnolence and hypokinesia were the most commonly reported adverse events. An analysis of the global evaluation of side effects showed that flurazepam had a significantly worse side effect profile than estazolam (P less than .05) or placebo (P = .001). Estazolam and flurazepam effectively, and comparably, relieved insomnia when administered for 7 nights in adult patients complaining of insomnia. Estazolam demonstrated a more favorable side effect profile than flurazepam.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed1986

Comparative efficacy of estazolam, flurazepam, and placebo in outpatients with insomnia.

The efficacy and safety of estazolam, an investigational triazolobenzodiazepine, and flurazepam were compared in 65 insomniac outpatients. Patients completed sleep questionnaires each morning. Global evaluations demonstrated that both treatments were significantly superior to placebo. However, estazolam was preferred over flurazepam in a global rating that reflected how well rested and refreshed the subjects felt on arising. Improvement in complaints of difficulty in going to sleep showed only a trend toward significance favoring estazolam and flurazepam over placebo. Residual daytime drowsiness and fatigue accounted for approximately 70% of all side effects with both active treatments. Significantly more side effects occurred with flurazepam than with estazolam. Flurazepam-treated patients had a significantly more severe rating of adverse reactions than did placebo-treated patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Hypnotic efficacy of a modified triazolodiazepine, brotizolam.

Fifty-nine outpatients with insomnia were treated in a 3-week study to assess the safety and efficacy of a new triazolothienodiazepine with a short t1/2, brotizolam. Therapy was initiated with 0.25 mg at night, but by the end of the study all subjects who were receiving brotizolam were taking 0.50 mg. Results indicate brotizolam efficacy as measured by daily subject and weekly physician questionnaires in essentially all sleep parameters, including global subject and physician evaluation of treatment efficacy, sleep latency and sleep maintenance, and quality of sleep. Tolerance to the hypnotic action of brotizolam was not observed after 21 days of daily dosing.

Azepines↗
PubMed1985

A double-blind placebo-controlled study of fluvoxamine and imipramine in depression.

Outpatients with major affective disorder, unipolar depressed type (N=101), were treated in a 4-week placebo-controlled double-blind study to compare the efficacy and safety of fluvoxamine, a new serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressant, with imipramine and placebo. Therapy was initiated at 50 mg/day; thereafter, dosage ranged between 100 and 300 mg/day for both drugs. Results indicate statistically significant efficacy, measured by both patient and physician rating scales, for both active drugs over placebo. Fluvoxamine showed some evidence of earlier onset of action. Anticholinergic side effects were more common in the imipramine-treated patients, while fluvoxamine produced more gastrointestinal distress and insomnia.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of buspirone and diazepam in generalized anxiety disorder.

A total of 66 outpatients meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-III) criteria for generalized anxiety disorder began treatment in a randomized double-blind study that compared the efficacy and safety of buspirone and diazepam. Thirty-nine outpatients completed the 4-week trial. Both drugs were administered in a 1:1 dosage ratio; the daily prescribed dose did not exceed 40 mg. The mean daily dose of buspirone prescribed throughout the study was significantly higher than that of diazepam. Diazepam had a significantly earlier onset of efficacy than buspirone, although both drugs were equivalent after 4 weeks of treatment. Adverse reactions were more frequent in the diazepam group. Total scores from the Hamilton anxiety scale and physician's global ratings show that diazepam was significantly superior to buspirone during the initial 2 weeks of treatment. These findings are further corroborated by the results of patients' self-rated scales.

Adolescent↗