Neisseria meningitidis conjunctivitis.
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Aged↗
Biomedical subjects
R A Eiferman
Publications and source records attributed to R A Eiferman.
Demonstration of specific glucocorticoid binding sites in bovine cornea.
Specific [3H]-dexamethasone binding sites were demonstrated in bovine corneal cytosol using titration analyses. Specific glucocorticoid binding to corneal cytosol exhibited a single class of sites with apparent dissociation constants of 4-6 nM and 68-72 fmol binding sites mg-1 cytosolic protein. Association of steroid with these binding sites was temperature- and time-dependent. Specific binding was maximal at 4 degrees C after 6 hr and was somewhat lower at 25 degrees C and lowest at 37 degrees C. Presence of increasing amounts of certain unlabeled steroids with glucocorticoid activity inhibited [3H]-dexamethasone binding in a dose-dependent manner. The order, beginning with the most potent inhibitor of binding, was triamcinolone acetonide greater than fluorometholone greater than dexamethasone greater than medroxy progesterone acetate greater than 11 beta-OH-progesterone greater than prednisolone acetate greater than prednisolone greater than cortisol greater than corticosterone . Other steroids exhibiting less inhibition of [3H]-dexamethasone binding were cortexolone greater than prednisone greater than dexamethasone phosphate greater than progesterone greater than prednisolone phosphate greater than cortisone greater than 17 alpha-OH progesterone greater than estradiol-17 beta greater than testosterone greater than 11 alpha,17 alpha,21-OH-progesterone. These data suggest that the influence of glucocorticoids and drugs with this type of normal activity on corneal cells is mediated by an intracellular receptor protein.
Animals↗
Recurrence of keratoconus.
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Corneal Transplantation↗
Association of Wilms' tumor with Peter's anomaly.
A case of Wilms' tumor associated with Peter's anomaly is presented. This is the first report of this combination of diseases; ophthalmologists should be aware of the possibility of Wilms' tumors in patients with severe mesodermal dysgenesis.
Cataract↗
Antibacterial effect of cyanoacrylate glue.
Enbucrilate (butyl-2-cyanoacrylate; Histoacryl [West Germany], no comparable US product) is a tissue adhesive used in the management of corneal perforations that may have a therapeutic value in suppressing selective pathogens isolated, from corneal infections. In three patients with confirmed corneal infections, varying degrees of inhibition were observed. Bacteriostatic activity was most pronounced against gram-positive microorganisms, and no activity was observed against gram-negative organisms. It appears that this chemical adhesive provided an ancillary means of promoting healing of corneal perforations.
Aged↗
Immunohistochemical identification of the AA protein in lattice dystrophy.
We examined the amyloid deposits of lattice dystrophy type I for common components of primary and secondary amyloid using the sensitive unlabelled antibody peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique. Tissue sections of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens from three patients with lattice dystrophy were reacted with antisera specific for free immunoglobulin light chains, prealbumin, amyloid A (AA) protein, and amyloid P (AP) protein. The lattice amyloid was positive for the AA protein associated with secondary amyloid. The deposits were also stained with the protein AP antiserum in each case. We were unable to detect the presence of immunoglobulin light chains associated with primary amyloid or prealbumin associated with another heredofamilial form of amyloid. Sera from two patients with lattice dystrophy were tested for the presence of the serum amyloid A related protein, the apparent precursor of AA amyloid, by immunoelectrophoresis and immunodiffusion. The sera showed no reaction with the AA antiserum with these techniques. Lattice amyloid differed from secondary systemic amyloid in the reaction with potassium permanganate. Congo red staining of lattice deposits was not abolished by treatment with potassium permanganate. Our findings suggest that the amyloid proteins in lattice dystrophy are antigenically similar to those of secondary amyloid and the hereditary form associated with familial Mediterranean fever.
Amyloid↗
Intraocular penetration of amikacin. Iris binding and bioavailability.
The penetration of amikacin sulfate into the anterior chamber of the human eye was determined by radioimmunoassay. Bactericidal concentrations of amikacin were not achieved by topical or intravenous administration. Subconjunctival injection did not produce consistent bactericidal concentration of amikacin in aqueous humor. Poor corneal penetration and subsequent tight binding to iris pigment are responsible for these observations. Tissue or pigment binding is adsorptive, nonspecific, and readily reversible. Amikacin released after being bound retains its bactericidal potency.
Administration, Topical↗
Serratia keratitis transmitted by contaminated eyedroppers.
Serratia marcescens keratitis developed in three patients after keratoplasty. Two patients were using prednisolone sodium phosphate eyedrops and the third was using 0.5% timolol maleate eyedrops. All three cases resolved after treatment with topically and subconjunctivally administered antibiotics. Although S. marcescens was isolated from the outer grooves of the bottletops and from the inner surfaces of the eyedropper caps, it was not cultured from the solutions in the bottles. Moisture collecting in the dead space between the cap and bottle was apparently a culture medium for Serratia. When eyedrops were expressed into the patient's eyes, the eyes were inoculated with Serratia from the contaminated liquid flowing down the eyedropper shaft.
Aged↗
Herpetic whitlow and ocular infection.
Herpes simplex virus can involve the mouth, nose, or skin in addition to the eye. A very rare form of herpes simplex involves the fingertips (herpetic whitlow) and can be a source of diagnostic confusion. Herpes simplex can be spread by direct contact from any of these sites to the eye by cross-infection or autoinoculation. The ophthalmologist should be aware of the nonocular forms of herpes simplex.
Adult↗
Bilateral occlusion of the central retinal artery associated with hyperglobulinemia in hairy cell leukemia.
A 49-year-old man with hairy cell leukemia experienced occlusion of both central retinal arteries in a 6-day period. Hyperglobulinemia was noted; however, immunoperoxidase studies failed to demonstrate that the hairy cells had produced the excess immunoglobulins. None of the other, more common, causes of occlusion of the central retinal artery were present. Plasmapheresis, in addition to more traditional methods of treatment, resulted in stabilization of the patient's vision. Subsequent fluorescein angiography revealed markedly diminished choroidal perfusion as well as delayed retinal perfusion. This appears to be the first account of bilateral occlusion of the central retinal artery secondary to a hyperviscosity syndrome, as well as the first description of ocular involvement by hairy cell leukemia. Speculation as to how the hyperglobulinemia related to the ocular manifestations is offered.
Arterial Occlusive Diseases↗
Fibrous dysplasia of the orbit with optic nerve decompression.
We describe an unusual case of monostotic fibrous dysplasia involving the right sphenoid bone with gradual loss of vision occurring in a sexually precocious young woman. Vision remained stable after a four-year follow-up surgical decompression of the right optic canal.
Adolescent↗
Orbital metastasis from prostatic carcinoma. Identification by an immunoperoxidase technique.
A patient was seen initially with an orbital tumor causing blindness of the left eye. Although disseminated prostatic carcinoma was found, the origin of the orbital tumor was not established until prostate antigen was demonstrated in biopsy specimens by an immunoperoxidase technique. Orbital metastasis from prostatic carcinoma has been reported in 16 cases. Confirmation of the diagnosis may be difficult and, in the past, has largely been indirect as judged by clinical trial. The immunoperoxidase technique for detecting prostate antigen in tissue sections is both sensitive and specific. Application of this technique resulted in the diagnosis of this technique resulted in the diagnosis of this unusual manifestation of metastatic prostate cancer. The possibility of additional clinical applications of this immunohistochemical technique within the field of ophthalmology is raised.
Adenocarcinoma↗
The effect of air on human corneal endothelium.
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Aged↗