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Biomedical subjects

R A Grigor'iants

Publications and source records attributed to R A Grigor'iants.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Anti-arrhythmia and hemodynamic effects of allapinin during a course therapy in patients with circulatory failure].

The antiarrhythmic effects of allapinine were studied in 57 patients with chronic circulatory failure (CCF) and cardiac arrhythmias by employing 48-hour Holter monitoring. Allapinine was found to suppress premature ventricular contraction, group premature ventricular contraction and 'runs' of ventricular tachycardia by 82.5, 88.6, and 93.1%, respectively. The antiarrhythmic activity of the agent was more pronounced in patients with coronary heart disease, Stages I-IIA CCF and left ventricular ejection fraction greater than 40%. In addition, in Stages I-IIA CCF allapinine increased myocardial contractility and left ventricular ejection fraction, whereas in Stages IIB-III CCF it showed a slight cardiodepressive effect. Thus, when given in the course therapy in patients with CCF, allapinine has a high antiarrhythmic activity and, to a lesser extent, affects central hemodynamics.

Aconitine↗
PubMed1991

[Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and vasopressin in adult and aged patients with acquired mitral valve defects].

Seventy four patients aged 35-74 years who had mitral valvular disease were examined for renin, angiotensin II, aldosterone, and vasopressin, of whom 49 patients were diagnosed as having a mitral valve defect with prevalent stenosis, 25 presented with a mitral valve defect with prevalent heart failure. Circulatory disorders, Stages I-II, were found in 41 patients, Stage IIB in 23, and Stage III in 10 patients. There were no significant differences in the parameters of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) and vasopressin in untreated adult and elderly patients with mitral valvular disease at rest. As circulatory disorders progressed, the RAAS parameters significantly increased in all the groups. However, the patients with prevalent stenosis showed higher blood renin levels than did those with prevalent heart failure, irrespective of its severity. In refractory heart failure, the significant differences remained to a greater extent only for renin. The treatment with peripheral vasodilators (isosorbide dinitrate and corinfar) resulted in compensatory activation of the neurohumoral vasoconstrictive system, thereafter the RAAS parameters significantly increased after the drugs.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[The sympathetic-adrenal system in mitral heart defects in patients of different ages studied by the use of a specific L-DOPA test].

As many as 59 patients aged 35 to 74 years suffering from mitral valvular disease (MVD) were examined for excretion of dopamine (DA), noradrenaline (NA) and adrenaline, parameters indicating the activity of the sympathoadrenal system. Administration of L-DOPA brought about a significant increase of excretion of all catecholamines in all the patients under 59 years and in those aged 60 to 74 years. In patients with stage I and IIA heart failure, DA excretion rose 50-fold in response to L-DOPA administration, in those with stage IIB and III, 17-fold (p less than 0.001). In patients suffering from MVD, no age-associated differences were revealed in the levels of catecholamines and ICM. In patients suffering from MVD with the predominance of stenosis and in those with stage I and IIA heart failure, background excretion of NA was significantly higher than in patients suffering from MVD with the predominance of heart failure (p less than 0.01). Administration of L-DOPA was followed by an appreciable increment of NA exactly in patients suffering from MVD with the predominance of stenosis (p less than 0.001). In the majority of patients with stage III heart failure refractory to multimodality treatment, the L-DOPA test revealed the smallest increment of DA; its excretion rose only 12-fold. Therefore, the progress of heart failure entails a decrease of the reserve potentialities of the sympathoadrenal system, marked by less output of its mediators.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1989

[Isolated ultrafiltration of the blood in patients with refractory heart failure: the status of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and the secretion of antidiuretic hormone].

Isolated ultrafiltration was performed in 107 patients with refractory heart failure (HF) which developed in the presence of different cardiovascular diseases. The beneficial action of isolated ultrafiltration in 71 patients (68%) with refractory HF was determined by complex interaction of the effects provoked by ultrafiltrate removal. Among those effects of paramount importance was correction of secondary hyperaldosteronism and reduction of the concentration of antidiuretic hormone accompanied by the improvement of liver and heart functions.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1988

[Comparative angiographic evaluation of the functions of the left and right heart ventricles in dilated cardiomyopathy].

The paper is concerned with comparative analysis of disorder of left and right ventricular function (LV and RV, respectively) in 30 patients with dilatation cardiomyopathy after coronography, left and right ventriculography, myocardial biopsy. Disorder of LV and RV contractility was noted, however in most cases LV dysfunction was more noticeable. Direct correlation was revealed between the gravity of LV dysfunction and heart failure, whereas no significant differences were noted between RV parameters and heart failure, IIA-IIB stages.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Blood rheologic properties in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy].

Rheologic blood parameters--fluidity limit tau 0, viscosity n alpha 1, erythrocyte cohesion coefficient (A), hematocrit--were studied in 42 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and 30 patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) and heart failure of stages I-III. Rheologic parameters tended to increase along with progression of heart failure while in IHD an opposite tendency was observed. Individual analysis in patients with DCM as well as those with IHD demonstrated, irrespectively of the stage of heart failure, both hyper- and hyporheological syndromes. Occurrence of thromboembolic complications was in both cases nearly the same (42.9% and 40%, correspondingly). The data obtained indicate at evident abnormality of rheologic blood parameters in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy progressing along with development of heart failure and suggest its possible role in intravascular thrombi formation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Segmental left-ventricular contractility in patients with hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathies].

Segmental left-ventricular contractility was assessed on the basis of computerized analysis of two-dimensional echocardiograms in 35 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCMP), 24 patients with dilatation cardiomyopathy (DCMP), 20 patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and 30 normal subjects. The HCMP patients showed hyperkinetic segments at different sites of the left ventricle in the presence of a general rise of myocardial contractility. Segmental contractility disorders of DCMP patients were similar to dyssynergia of CHD patients. No hyperkinetic segments were found in DCMP and CHD patients showing signs of heart failure. The detected segmental contractility disorders cannot be used as a criterion in the differential diagnosis of DCMP versus CHD.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Possibilities of using Doppler- and two-dimensional echocardiography for the detection and evaluation of mitral regurgitation in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and IHD].

Doppler- and two-dimensional echocardiography were employed to examine 43 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and 12 patients with coronary heart disease with different grades of circulatory insufficiency. The degree of mitral regurgitation was determined semi-quantitatively, namely depending on the distance to which the turbulent flow penetrates to the left atrium. Auscultatory symptomatology and the size of the left atrium did not always point to the degree of regurgitation. The gravity of mitral regurgitation was determined by dilatation and low contractility of the left ventricle as well as by dilatation on the mitral ring. The title methods can be used for semi-quantitative determination of mitral regurgitation and choice of the treatment tactics.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Disorders of heart rhythm and conduction in dilated and hypertrophic cardiomyopathies].

Idiopathic cardiomyopathies are characterized by diversity of clinical manifestations, among which heart rhythm abnormalities are the most common. The authors carried out qualitative and quantitative evaluations of heart rhythm abnormalities in patients with dilated and hypertrophic cardiomyopathies (DCMP, HCMP) and compared those abnormalities according to the data of daily ECG monitoring. Forty patients with DCMP and 30 with HCMP were examined. In 8 (25%) patients with DCMP and in 2 (6.7%) with HCMP, permanent atrial fibrillation was recorded. Among patients with sinus rhythm, supraventricular premature heart beats were found in 30 (96.8%) patients with DCMP and in 24 (85.7%) with HCMP. However, their number during 24 h exceeded 500 in 9 (29%) and in 7 (25%) patients, respectively. Supraventricular paroxysmal tachycardia (greater than or equal to 3 complexes at HR greater than or equal to 100/min) was recorded in 7 (22.6%) patients with DCMP and in 4 (14.3%) patients with HCMP. Ventricular premature heart beats were recorded in 38 (95%) patients with DCMP and in 21 (70%) patients with HCMP, polytopic in 31 (77.5% and 17 (56.7%), coupled in 227 (67.5%) and 10 (33.3%), ventricular paroxysmal tachycardia (greater than or equal to 3 complexes at HR greater than or equal to 100/min) in 22 (55%) and 5 (16.7%) patients, respectively. AV conduction abnormalities among patients with sinus rhythm were noted in DCMP and HCMP, in 12 (38.7%) and 1 (3.6%) cases, respectively. Thus, heart rhythm abnormalities are often encountered in both patients with DCMP and HCMP. However, in patients with DCMP, heart arrhythmias are graver and prognostically unfavourable.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Effectiveness of obsidan in patients with ischemic heart disease and its effect on myocardial perfusion].

Obsidan effectiveness was examined in 42 coronary patients. Good clinical effect was achieved in 81% of patients with angina of effort and 64% of patients with angina of effort and angina at rest. Exercise tolerance increased in half of the patients. Radionuclide scintigraphy with 201Tl showed a reduction of exercise-induced transitory myocardial ischemia zones, a finding indicative of obsidan favourable effect on coronary microcirculation reserve.

Adult↗