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Biomedical subjects

R A Hahn

Publications and source records attributed to R A Hahn.

65 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1972

Salivation induced by prostaglandin F 2 and modification of the response by atropine and physostigmine.

1. Administration of PGF(2alpha) to the anaesthetized dog produced dose-related salivation accompanied by weak pressor and negative cardiac chronotropic effects. Injection of PGE(1) did not produce salivation.2. Electrical stimulation of the chorda tympani nerve or injection of PGF(2alpha) produced salivary responses which were not affected by pretreatment with phentolamine, but were abolished by pretreatment with atropine. Treatment with hexamethonium reduced the response to nerve stimulation but did not alter the response to PGF(2alpha).3. Pretreatment with physostigmine augmented the salivary response to both nerve stimulation and PGF(2alpha).4. These experiments suggest that salivation produced by PGF(2alpha) is probably due in part, to liberation of acetylcholine from cholinergic nerve terminals. These results are consistent with previously proposed modulatory functions of prostaglandins on neurotransmission.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The nocebo phenomenon: concept, evidence, and implications for public health.

The nocebo hypothesis proposes that expectations of sickness and the affective states associated with such expectations cause sickness in the expectant. The nocebo phenomenon is a little-recognized facet of culture that may be responsible for a substantial variety of pathology throughout the world. However, the extent of the phenomenon is not yet known, and evidence is piecemeal and ambiguous. This paper reviews the concept of nocebo and its association with the placebo phenomenon, gives examples of evidence for the nocebo phenomenon, and suggests public health implications.

Affect↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Race and ethnicity in public health surveillance: criteria for the scientific use of social categories.

Public health surveillance is the cornerstone of public health practice. The uses of surveillance include the identification of patterns of health among population subgroups. The assessment of race and ethnicity in public health surveillance is fundamental to the reduction of preventable excesses in poor health among racial and ethnic populations. We review the use of race and ethnic variables in national public health surveillance systems in the United States. One barrier to the use of race and ethnicity in public health surveillance is the lack of scientific consensus on the nature of race and ethnicity and the measurement of these variables. Differences in terminology, data collection procedures, perceptions of group identity, and changing demographics of the U.S. population present particular challenges for surveillance. We propose criteria for any useful variables collected through surveillance. Application of these criteria to race and ethnicity suggests that race as assessed in surveillance is not primarily associated with biological characteristics, but it is more like ethnicity--a matter of self-perceived membership in population groups. Regular evaluation of surveillance systems will contribute to the usefulness of information on race and ethnicity in the improvement of the health of minority populations.

Data Collection↗