The recurrent varicocele--a poorly recognized problem.
A varicocele is most likely the result of an incompetent vein with retrograde flow of blood into the scrotum. Surgical ligation of this incompetent system is the present-day procedure of choice. In our series of 225 varicocelectomies, there have been three definite recurrences, due to either recollateralization or failure to ligate all branches of this venous plexus.
Arteries↗