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Biomedical subjects

R A Saunders

Publications and source records attributed to R A Saunders.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1974

An inexpensive system of automated flame photometry of serum sodium and potassium.

An inexpensive automated flame photometry system has been produced by utilising an I.L. 143 flame photometer fitted with an analogue output connected to a sampler (Auto Analyzer or other). The pump of the I.L. 144 dilutor is used to aspirate the sample and a variety of single or two pen recorders can be used to record the results at the rate of 60 specimens an hour.

Autoanalysis↗
PubMed1966

Serum aldolase and phosphocreatine kinase in umbilical cord blood.

Aldolase was estimated in the cord blood of 81 newborn infants and phosphocreatine kinase in 87 infants. There is a wide range in the results, with some values falling in the range reported in children with muscular dystrophy or of carriers of the disease. There is no correlation of the serum enzyme levels with the infant's birth weight. High levels of phosphocreatine kinase were found in infants of mothers with pre-eclamptic toxaemia. A single estimation of cord phosphocreatine kinase and aldolase is of little help in determining whether or not an infant has muscular dystrophy.

Journal Article↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Anterior segment ischemia after strabismus surgery.

Surgery on the extraocular muscles of the eye is generally consisted a safe procedure which is associated with low morbidity and mortality. While infrequent, intra-operative complications occasionally occur. Tenotomy of multiple rectus muscles can result in interruption of the vascular supply to the anterior segment of the eye. Anterior segment ischemia (ASI) may result. This article reviews the complication of anterior segment ischemia as a result of strabismus surgery and its potential for producing permanent visual loss.

Anterior Eye Segment↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of anemia on retinopathy of prematurity in extremely low birth weight infants.

OBJECTIVE: Numerous risk factors for development of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in very low birth weight infants have been identified in the literature. However, the role of anemia in the development of ROP has not been adequately addressed. STUDY DESIGN: We retrospectively examined the medical records of all infants weighing < or = 800 g who were admitted to a university hospital between July 1, 1992 and December 30, 1997. Highest and lowest hemoglobin and hematocrit values and the number of blood transfusions were recorded at each week of life during hospitalization. Gestational age at birth, birth weight, race, sex, oxygen status, history of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, length of hospital stay, and sepsis were also identified as potential risk factors. Data were analyzed using logistic regression to adjust for these confounding variables. RESULTS: Infants were grouped according to ROP status in the following manner: stage 0 to 1 ROP, stage 2 ROP, and stage 3 to threshold ROP. Sex, gestational age at birth, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, ventilator days, length of hospital stay, and number of blood transfusions were significantly associated with severity of ROP by univariate analysis. Using a logistic regression model, only gestational age (p = 0.007) and number of blood transfusions (p = 0.04) remained statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Anemia did not affect severity of ROP as an independent risk factor. However, the number of blood transfusions did affect the highest stage of ROP in this group of premature infants. Infants who remained severely anemic (Hgb < or = 8 g/dl or Hct < or = 25%) for longer periods of time developed milder ROP than less anemic infants.

Anemia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A case of isolated medial wall fracture with medial rectus entrapment following seemingly trivial trauma.

A case of isolated medial orbital wall fracture and medial rectus entrapment is presented. With minimal external evidence of trauma and lack of definitive evidence of fracture on plain films, a high index of suspicion if needed to diagnose this relatively unusual syndrome. The triad of: (1) retraction syndrome; (2) positive forced ductions in abduction; and (3) radiographic evidence of medial wall fracture on polytomography, will help the clinician to properly diagnose this condition. Epistaxis and subcutaneous emphysema, when present, should alert one to look carefully for a medial wall fracture.

Athletic Injuries↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A speculum for small infants.

A new speculum suited to the examination of small infants is described. Its light weight design and reduced dimensions make it particularly useful for peripheral fundus examination in premature infants.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Refractive changes in children under general anesthesia.

Twenty-five pediatric patients were refracted without topical cycloplegic agents following induction of halothane anesthesia. Comparison of the intraoperative refraction with a preoperative, outpatient, cycloplegic refraction revealed a variable increase in myopia ranging from 0.25 to 5.50 diopters under general anesthesia. Several patients showed a significant asymmetry in myopic shift between fellow eyes, suggesting that a central accommodative mechanism may not be entirely responsible for the refractive changes observed.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The relationship of rectus muscles to the globe: a study with coronal CT scanning.

Coronal computerized tomographic scans of 25 patients were reviewed in order to determine the normal relationship of rectus muscles to the globe. Using a horizontal reference line constructed along the anterior cranial fossa, the mean horizontal rectus muscle axis was found to be slightly excyclotorted in both eyes, and the mean vertical rectus muscle axis slightly incyclotorted in both eyes. In addition, the mean superior temporal quadrant angle formed by the intersection of the horizontal and vertical rectus muscle axis was significantly greater than the mean superior nasal quadrant angle in the same eye. The presence of large anatomical variations in individual patients may make it difficult to implicate rectus muscle malposition as an important etiology of A- and V-pattern strabismus.

Eye↗