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Biomedical subjects

R A Slonova

Publications and source records attributed to R A Slonova.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Metabolic activity of macrophages infected with hantavirus, an agent of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome.

Monocytes/macrophages are thought to play an important role in pathogenesis of viral infections. These cells are involved in distribution and persistence of viruses in the organism and also influence the regulation of immune reactions. The functional and enzymatic activities of macrophages infected with an agent of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome were analyzed for the first time. This disease is caused by a virus of the Hantavirus genus, the Bunyaviridae family. Activities of ectoenzymes 5 -nucleotidase and ATPase of the plasma membrane of the hantavirus-infected macrophages decreased along with the antigen accumulation in the infected cells. The contact of phagocytes with hantavirus resulted in activation in the cells of the oxygen-dependent metabolism and NO-synthase. The NO-synthase-dependent system of the infected macrophages was activated earlier than their oxygen-dependent system. The intracellular contents of acid and alkaline phosphatases increased within the first hours after the infection. The bactericidal activity of the hantavirus-infected macrophages relatively to Staphylococcus aureus increased during the specific antigen accumulation in the phagocytes. Thus, the infection of macrophages with hantavirus was associated with intracellular metabolic changes.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed2005

[Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome among servicemen in Primorskiĭ Region of Russia].

The data about the incidence of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) among the servicemen stationed in HFRS endemic territories at Primorye Region are presented. The authors have shown the epidemiological significance of outbreaks, group and sporadic cases of HFRS especially in servicemen aged 18-20. During the outbreaks the maximal HFRS incidence is registered during 2 weeks after the first case. 104 HFRS cases were registered in the servicemen. Among them 77.8 +/- 3.0% were at the age of 18-20; 7.4 +/- 2.9% of these cases were lethal.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

[Mechanism of viral infection of macrophages by an agent of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome: ultrastructural aspects].

Monocytes/macrophages are one of the first cells subjected to the infectious effect of viruses. The present paper analyses for the first time the ultrastructural changes in macrophages caused by an agent of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HERS)--hantavirus (HV). After a local fusion with the host cell plasmalemma and its adsorption on the cell surface, the HV penetrates through the macrophage membrane. This process occurred without destruction of cell plasmalemma. HV viral particles were observe within the macrophage cytoplasm mostly on the smooth granular endoplasmic reticulum vesicles. Viroplasts were defined in macrophages after a 2 h incubation, with synthesis of viral nucleoproteins and primary covers being observed on the surface of viroplasts. Viral particles left macrophages in the process of budding on the phagocyte surface. Thereby HV, similar to other enveloped viruses, realizes entrance and egress from the target cell without damaging its plasmalemma. This accounts for the viral ability to reproduce in macrophages for a long time without any cytopathological effect. Consequently, in the absence of obvious destruction changes, mononuclear phagocytes can serve as a long-term storage of viruses, and thus being involved in HV dissemination during HERS.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Genetic diversity of hantaviruses associated with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in the far east of Russia.

To identify the hantaviruses causing hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in the Far East of Russia, blood samples collected from HFRS patients in 1994-1998, were examined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. In addition, 36 sera were tested by an immunofluorescence assay for antibodies against Hantaan, Seoul, Puumala, and Khabarovsk viruses, and 54 samples were tested by plaque reduction neutralization test. With both serological assays, the highest antibody titers were to Hantaan and/or Seoul viruses. Of 110 blood samples 36 were found RT-PCR positive. Phylogenetic analysis the sequences of a 256-nucleotide (nt) fragment of the hantavirus M genome segment revealed at least 3 genetically distinct hantavirus lineages. Nucleotide sequence comparison showed that two of the lineages, designated as FE and Amur (AMR), differed from one another by 15.9-21.2% and from Hantaan virus by 9.8-17.5%. The third lineage, VDV, differed from Seoul virus by 2.6-5.1%. All S segment sequences were from FE lineage, and differed from Hantaan virus by 10.7-12.6%. Thirty of the 36 (83%) analyzed sequences were found to be the FE genotype, which is very similar to that of Hantaan virus, strain 76-118. Of the remaining hantaviruses, 11% were the AMR genotype, and 6% the VDV genotype, which are genetically novel genotypes of Hantaan or Seoul viruses, respectively.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1999

Genetic diversities of hantaviruses among rodents in Hokkaido, Japan and Far East Russia.

Seroepizootiologic surveys among wild rodents were carried out in Japan and Far East Russia in 1995 and 1996. Seropositive animals were only identified in Clethrionomys rufocanus (23/134) in Hokkaido, Japan. On the other hand, seropositives were identified in C. rufocanus (1/8), Apodemus agrarius (2/66), Apodemus spp. (2/26) and Microtus fortis (3/22) in Vladivostok, Far East Russia. Total RNA was isolated from lungs of seropositive animals and the S genome segments were amplified by PCR, cloned and sequenced. The S and M genomes of hantavirus, derived from Japanese C. rufocanus (Tobetsu genotype), were most closely related with Puumala viruses (76-79% nucleotide and 95% amino acid identities for S genome, 70-78% nucleotide and 87-92% amino acid identities for M genome). The recombinant nucleocapsid protein of Tobetsu genotype was antigenically quite similar with that of Sotkamo. These suggest that the virus endemic in Japanese C. rufocanus belongs to Puumala virus. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that the genotype forms a distinct lineage within Puumala viruses. Partial S segment (1-1251 nt), derived from seropositive M. fortis in Vladivostok, was sequenced and analyzed. The S genome segment, which was designated Vladivostok genotype, was most closely related with Khabarovsk virus (79% nucleotide and 90% amino acid identities) which was isolated from M. fortis.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Community structure and prevalence of hantavirus infection in rodents: a geographic division of the enzootic area in far eastern Russia.

The results of an extensive rodent trapping effort throughout the southern part of far eastern Russia and hantavirus antigen screening of tissues were used to develop a multifaceted approach for the geographic division of the enzootic territory of hantavirus. Four species of rodents (Apodemus agrarius, Apodemus peninsulae, Microtus fortis, and Clethrionomys rufocanus) comprised 88.5 percent of 10,595 captured rodents and 94.1 percent of 996 antigen-positive animals. Rodent fauna and the prevalence and distribution of hantavirus antigen-positive animals were compared among major biotic communities in the region. The species composition of the rodent communities and the predominant hantavirus reservoir species were used as criteria to define zones with similar enzootic characteristics.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Serologic diagnosis of mild, unclear and asymptomatic forms of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome].

The use of the serological method (the indirect fluorescent antibody test) for the examination of 255 persons coming in contact with patients having hemorrhagic fever with the renal syndrome (HFRS) in the foci of this infection where outbreaks of group infection had been registered made it possible to detect mild, unclear and asymptomatic forms of HFRS in 17.7-20.9% of cases. The simultaneous titration of 317 serum samples with two antigens revealed that HFRS virus of serotype 1, similar to strain Hantaan from Korea, may cause, besides the classical forms of the disease, the development of mild and asymptomatic forms of this infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Hemorrhagic fever with a renal syndrome in the Maritime Territory].

The sporadic character of the occurrence of hemorrhagic fever with the renal syndrome in the Primorye Territory has been established. Three rodent species have been found to be spontaneously infected with the causative agent of this disease. Antibodies in patients with this disease are detected at its early stages and persist for a long time after convalescence. The possibility of the formation of a contingent immune to hemorrhagic fever, due to the persons who have had mild and asymptomatic forms of this infection has been shown.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Functional activity of hemagglutinins from Hantaan viruses strains and use of hemagglutinating antigens for serodiagnosis hemorrhagic fever with kidney syndrome].

Hemagglutinins of Hantaan virus strains isolated in Southern Far East of Russia from patients with hemorrhagic fever with the renal syndrome and from rodents, natural vectors of the virus, were studied in the cross kinetic hemagglutination inhibition test with immune sera to the studied strains. The strains differed by the functional activity index. Use of hemagglutinins of functionally active Hantaan strains in serologic studies notably improves the diagnostic efficacy of the hemagglutination test in Hantavirus infection.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Circulation of Seoul hantavirus in populations of synanthropic rodents and its significance in the incidence of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in the Primorye territory].

The prevalence of Seoul virus in the Primorie territory is presented and its significance in the morbidity structure with regard to hemorrhagic fever with the renal syndrome (HLPS) is discussed. Epidemiological and clinical manifestations of HLPS caused by Seoul virus are described. The authors conclude that in the urban foci of HLPS it is associated mainly with Seoul virus, while in the rural foci, with Hantaan virus.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Use of kinetic hemagglutination inhibition test in study of antigenic relationships of hantavirus strains circulating in foci of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Southern Far East of Russia].

The kinetics of reaction between hemagglutinating antigens and immune sera to 10 hantavirus strains (7 isolated in the Primorye territory and 3 in other regions) was studied in the cross kinetic hemagglutination inhibition (KHAI) test. An A parameter is suggested for evaluation of the similarity and differences between the studied strains. This parameter helped detect antigenic differences between Hantaan and Seoul viruses and the inter-type differences between Hantaan-like strains. KHAI is more specific than HAI studies of antigenic relationships between strains of different hantavirus serotypes.

Antigens, Viral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Antigenic and genetic properties of Seoul virus strains--a causative agent of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome].

Data on the circulation of a new genetic variant of Seol virus, which was designated as "Vladivostok" (the name of the place where it was isolated)--VDV, were obtained, by using the antigenic and genetic analysis of hantavirus strains isolated from patients with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and from brown rats, and described in the present paper. A complete identity of nucleotide sequences of the M-segment fragment of isolates obtained from HFRS patients and of those obtained from rats was demonstrated, which confirms the key role of brown rat as a source of infection.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[A new genetic variant of the PUUV virus from the Maritime Territory and its natural carrier red-grey vole Clethrionomys rufocanus].

Pulmonary tissues of red-grey voles, Clethrionomys rufocanus from Shkotovo District and Maritime Territory were investigated. rt-PCR was used to detect the hantavirus nt-222 M-segment genome and nt-403 mitochondrial DNA fragment. A new genetic variant of the PUUV virus named as "Shkotovo", that is different from other PUUV strains by 18-23%, was shown to be circulating in red-grey voles. A phylogenetic analysis denoted 2 PUUV subgroups with their rodent-host branching into C. graleolus and C. rufocanus.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Hantaan virus serotypes circulating in foci of the Far Eastern region of the USSR].

Studies on serodifferentiation by indirect immunofluorescence antibody method and neutralization test of Hantaan virus strains isolated from human patients and rodents revealed circulation on the Maritime Territory of 5 virus serotypes and demonstrated that rodents of one species could be virus carriers of different virus serotypes. On the basis of the antigenic similarity of strains isolated from human patients, field mice, and Clethrionomys rufocanus it is concluded that the virus serotypes circulating among rodents of these species may play a role in the etiology of cases of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome.

Animals↗