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Biomedical subjects

R A Vartbaronov

Publications and source records attributed to R A Vartbaronov.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

[Hydro-mechanical effects on human blood vessels of rotations on a short-arm centrifuge].

Methods of mathematical modeling in the interests of gravitational therapy revealed a number of specific effects of the short-radius centrifuge (SRC) on human leg vessels. The concepts of local g-loads and local hydrostatic pressure during exposure to the gravitational and inertial forces have been formulated. Experimental data suggest a squared dependence of local hydrostatic pressures (including in the pathology focus) on the radius of rotation; extra asymmetric oscillations of main vessels, point to the effects of the Coriolis acceleration of blood on vascular walls.

Aorta↗
PubMed2000

[Quantitative evaluation of pilot workload influence on functional stability and occupational health of pilots (scientific and practical aspects)].

Based on early concepts of quantitative evaluation of pilotage overload influence on pilot, the authors justified principles and criteria for biometric characterization of overload parameters and human response concerning the problem of manoeuvreable flight and pilot's occupational health preservation. The article presents quantitative dependencies between various overload parameters, occupational conditions and -effects, considering risk of disorders that determine potential unreliability of pilot in manoeuvreable flight and possible cumulative effects from dose viewpoint.

Aircraft↗
PubMed1999

[Methodological approaches to quantitative evaluation of the influence of pilot overload on functional durability and occupational health of pilots (basic concepts)].

The article presents various concepts underlying the quantitative methods that assess influence of piloting overload on pilots. The authors also consider principal differences between acute and chronic overload of + Gz direction, its adaptational and cumulative effects. The most important items are based on phasic nature of physiologic response to single and repeated overload of + Gz direction, on a law describing summation of delta-effects caused by various conditions of pilot's occupational activities, considering the risk of disorders determining potential unreliability of pilots in maneuver flight and probability of cumulative effects. The theoretical items are illustrated by some practical examples.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1997

[The informative value of temporal artery sphygmogram for diagnosis visual disorders during +Gz-loads].

In investigation with centrifuge runs at 5 +Gz for 30 s visual disorders of the grey sheet type were provoked in three test-subjects by short-time relaxation of the leg and abdominal muscles. Alterations in amplitude parameters of the temporal artery sphygmogram elicited in 59 centrifuge runs were of the kind characterizing the well-marked visual disorders. Application of the linear discriminant function including three parameters of sphygmogram allowed to identify the visual disorders with a 10.2% error and a confidential probability of more than 0.999. Validity of the procedure of identification of dangerous states of pilot was attested in real flights with the maneuvering loads up to 5.8 g. Data of the investigation give the authors the right to recommend the method of indirect diagnosis of visual disorders as a tool to tackle the applied problems of aviation and space medicine.

Aerospace Medicine↗
PubMed1996

[Methodological problems of the impact of G-loads on the functional status and occupation health of the pilot].

The paper deals with the methodological aspects and conceptual models of the impact of g-loads on the functional status and occupational health of high-maneuvering plane pilots in the context of the effective dose conception. Quantitative approaches to evaluating the influence of this factor are considered by taking into account a risk for specific abnormalities and its combination with other factors and conditions of a pilot's work. Practical aspects of the application of the approaches developed to enhance the safety of flights and the promotion of flying personnel's health are also considered and promising avenues of further studies are outlined.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Possibilities of the use of static ergometric functional test in clinical practice].

Static muscular endurance and hemodynamic responses to static muscular loading were explored in fighter pilots with various health conditions. A reduction in endurance of statoergometric test was stated in pilots with myocardial inflammations and vascular dystonias. Cardiac hemodynamics dominated in healthy subjects with high functional status, whereas vascular hemodynamics was common in subjects with health problems. Based on these findings and with account of a type of hemodynamic regulation, the authors consider the statoergometric functional test to be applicable in clinical practice.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Theoretical aspects of rehabilitation and occupational health of pilots].

Some theoretical aspects of the rehabilitation problem and its interaction with the problem of professional health of pilot have been discussed in this paper. The authors have proposed methodologic approaches to the essence of medical and professional rehabilitation; classification of the main directions and types of rehabilitation, the principles of its application in flying practice as well as the question about economic advisability have been studied. As the main lines of medical rehabilitation there suggests the nosologic, psychologic and physiologic, professional (singly) rehabilitation with consideration of the labile and base components of professional health of pilot. As the base principle of rehabilitation there advances an etiopathogenic approach to the use of different means and methods of rehabilitation treatment and correction of a changed functional state. General requirements upon provision of multilevel, differential, individual, accessible and adequate rehabilitation are formulated. The method to calculate the economic effect of rehabilitation measures at the expense of savings in costs of pilot personnel by increasing the flight longevity and decreasing the number of flights necessary for maintaining the given level of combat effectiveness is proposed. The classifier of the main directions and types of rehabilitation is presented.

Aerospace Medicine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Informativeness of pulse bloodfilling of auricular helical vessels for evaluation of human tolerance to plusGz acceleration].

The possiblity of using photoelectric plethysmography as an objective method to assess the human tolerance to accelerations was examined. The tolerance of 40 young healthy male test subjects to plus GZ accelerations of 3, 5, 6 and 7 g with an increase gradient of 0.4 g/sec and a plateau time of 30 sec was measured. The test subjects induced an arbitrary tension of the abdominal and leg muscles in order to better tolerate accelerations. When the tolerance reached its limit (as judging by optic disorders), the auricular pulse amplitude decreased 4-fold in 84% test subjects. The threshold value of the amplitude can be used as an informative indicator of a group and individual tolerance to plus GZ accelerations. A portable photoelectric plethysmograph has been designed for operational medical control of the health state of pilots inflight.

Acceleration↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Human tolerance to +Gz acceleration during heating].

Eighty-six measurements of individual tolerance of 25 healthy test subjects to +Gz accelerations were carried out at two body temperatures. At moderate heating (body temperature 37.5+/-0.2degreesC) acceleration tolerance decreased by 1.4 g (maximally by 3 g) without an antigravity suit and by 0.5 g with an antigravit suit. In case of simulated poor fitting of the suit the tolerance decrease was 1.1 g. At high heating (body temperature 38.0+/-0.2degreesC) the decrease was great (2.1 g). In some cases centrifugation was terminated because of poor tolerance to hyperthermia. The regression analysis suggests that at body temperature of 37.3degreesC the acceleration tolerance decreases in some individuals only and at 37.6degreesC and over it declines in most subjects. The correlation between the level of water losses (0.8--2.4% of body weight) and decline in +Gz tolerance was low (r=0.33) and insignificant. The resulting data allow practical recommendations in relation to acrobatic flights in hot climate.

Acceleration↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[A systemic concept of individual health status from the standpoint of practical medicine. Part I. Theoretical aspects].

The paper presents the system concept of individual health in the context of practical medicine, which includes the definition of this widely use, the system forming of its understanding in the physician-patient system, the phasic pattern of individual health as transient prenosological and postnosological entities, the traditional quantitatively diagnostic and integrally quantitative principles in the evaluation of the level of individual health. By using these principles and taking into account specialization in the state public health care, the authors provide evidence for that it is expedient to identify the mental, physical, physiological, biochemical, clinical, and somatic status of a patient. The phasic pattern of individual health substantiates the concept of prenosological staging of the development of chronic diseases of specific and nonspecific genesis and the expediency of identifying primary and secondary chronic diseases of any etiology. In the authors' opinion, it is expedient to consider prenosological diagnosis, its categorical and terminological aspects, differential diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and rehabilitation of patients with prenosological conditions to be the general trend of scientific-and-practical developments in the area of individual health. Methodologically, it is necessary to use of the entire store of methods of integrative and occupational medicine, particularly in the field of etiological diagnosis by risk and anti-risk factors, of those of functional diagnosis using exercise tests and of clinical diagnosis of prenosological entities.

Health Promotion↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The electrolyte balance of the blood in dogs exposed to multiple +Gz overloads].

Experiments of the series were carried out using 7 noninbred dogs. In the first series, the animals were exposed to + GZ acceleration of increasing value once or twice a week during 5 months. Each exposure continued until distinct cardiac arrhythmias were seen in ECG. Two weeks after the onset of exposure the dogs displayed hyponatremia and higher K-Na coefficient and two months later they showed hyperkalemia and hypermagnesemia which led to a 1.5 G increase of acceleration tolerance. In the second experimental series, the animals exhibited a beneficial effect of hypermagnesemia on circulation parameters and frequency of cardiac arrhythmias in response to a single + GZ exposure. These observations have demonstrated that electrolyte balance plays an important part in the development of adaptation to sustained acceleration.

Acceleration↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Adaptive and cumulative effects in the dog exposed to routine +GZ acceleration].

The development of adaptive and cumulative effects was investigated in 13 noninbred dogs regularly exposed to +GZ acceleration: Group I dogs were exposed 3 to 4 times a week for 2 months and Group 11 dogs were exposed 1 to 2 times a week for 5 months. The tolerance threshold was evaluated with respect to ECG abnormalities. The study of circulation reactions and acceleration tolerance threshold revealed the predominant development of adaptive changes that were more distinct in Group 11 dogs. Cumulative effects in the form of functional disorders of pulmonary vessels occurred in all experimental dogs but less frequently in Group II dogs. Morphological lesions of the lung tissue developed in Group I animals after 2 to 3 exposures and in Group II animals after 2 to 3 months, the incidence rate being lower in those latter. These findings suggest that adaptive and cumulative effects in response to regular exposures to threshold +GZ acceleration develop more or less in parallel.

Acceleration↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Hypovolemic reactions of man and animals to exposure to +GZ load factors of increasing intensity].

Maximal variations of the circulating blood and plasma volumes after water load and/or exposure to increasing +GZ were investigated in manned and animal studies. The animal study demonstrated that the relative changes in the circulating blood and plasma volumes can be calculated using hematocrit or hemoglobin values. On the 2nd minute after exposure to increasing +GZ of up to 14.5 G the animals showed a decrease (by 11.7%) of the circulating blood volume which was primarily associated with plasma losses. The change was not appreciably modified by the use of an anti-G suit. In the manned studies the decrease was 5.9% during exposure to 7 G and 11% during exposure to 9 G with an anti-G suit used. These observations show that the acceleration duration and value play an important part in the mechanism of plasma filtration in response to an increase in the hydrostatic pressure.

Adult↗