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Biomedical subjects

R A Zink

Publications and source records attributed to R A Zink.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Results of the West German multicenter study "Urological traumatology"].

The West German Multicenter Study on Urological Traumatology ran from April 1984 to December 1986. During this time, 19 departments of urology evenly scattered over the Federal Republic of Germany including Berlin (West) recorded and evaluated the data pertaining to a total of 385 patients (83% male, 17% female) with urogenital trauma. The distribution of the different mechanisms of injury demonstrates that 41% were due to traffic accidents; 13% each to accidents during sports and work; 8% to sexual activities; and 6% to violence. The trauma was slight in 40% of the cases, moderate in 21%, and severe in 39%. Of a total of 427 urogenital injuries, 27% were combined with intra-abdominal and 24% with pelvic injuries. Renal injuries were recorded in 51%, ruptures accounting for 49% of these and contusions for 48%. Hilar lesions were observed in 7%, with complete destruction of the organ occurred in 6% of these cases. In all, 76% of these traumas were treated conservatively, while 8% each required surgical reconstruction and nephrectomy. Traumatic lesions of the urinary bladder, urethra, penis, and scrotum including the testes and accessory organs were recorded in about 10% each. Macrohematuria was seen with 73% of renal, 83% of urinary bladder, and 73% or urethral injuries. Microhematuria occurred with 24%, 9%, and 13% of all cases, while no hematuria was ascertained in 3%, 5%, and 13% of renal, bladder and urethral traumas, respectively. The injury-related sensitivity of the different imaging methods was calculated at 95% for cystograms, 91% for retrograde urethrograms, and 83% for angiograms.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Late sequelae after urogenital trauma. Results of follow-up studies].

In the course of the Multicenter Study on Urological Traumatology ("UMCEST"), 61 patients who had been treated at the Departments of Urology of the Ludwig Maximilian University in Munich and the Heinrich Heine University in Düsseldorf were followed up. These included 39 patients with multiple trauma and 22 patients who had suffered isolated urological injuries. There were 45 patients with renal injuries, 7 with injuries to the bladder, and 11 who had presented with urethral injuries. Late complications were detected in 38% of the 45 patients with renal injuries. Of the 11 patients with urethral injuries, 6 suffered from urethral strictures, 9 from sexual dysfunction and 3 from incontinence. The 7 patients with bladder injuries had no late complications related to the bladder trauma.

Female↗
PubMed1988

[Use of electronic data processing in the urologic clinic and practice--possibilities and perspectives].

The development, present status and future trends in the use of computers in urology in the Federal Republic of Germany are reviewed. The hardware, software required for hospital and private practice and the staff needed are discussed. Proposals are given for the installation and stepwise upgrading of computer systems, from simple text processing units to complex hospital communication systems. Finally new technologies that might considerably change the use of computers in urology are presented.

Computers↗
PubMed1985

[Therapeutic and ethical problems of nephrostomy in tumor-related hydronephrosis].

A total of 101 patients with hydronephrosis due to tumor obstruction underwent palliative nephrostomies. The average survival was 8.6 months; after 3 months, 32% of the patients were dead. The survival for patients with T3 tumors was 9.3 and for patients with T4 tumors, 6.0 months. The general postoperative health status did not improve in any of the cases. Retrospectively, 42% of the patients did not feel that the nephrostomy had done any good. In 17% of the cases, progressive development of tumor growth was predictable at the time of nephrostomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Potential danger to pacemaker patients during transurethral operations. Clinical and experimental studies].

The high sensitivity of modern demand pacemakers to HF-currents, as used for the TUR, could be shown by an in vitro model, animal experiments and clinical investigations. It was possible to characterise the type specific HF-sensitivity by means of individual functions. Furthermore, it could be proven that almost every external HF-signal could be blocked by switching the demand pacemaker to its fixed magnet frequency, a most important procedure in order to maintain patient safety during a transurethral resection.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Seminal duct malformations: clinical picture, diagnosis and therapy].

Seminal duct abnormalities occur more often than generally assumed. In most cases, they remain undetected if diagnostic measures are not undertaken because of infertility or recurrent urinary tract infections. An IVP should be performed if aplasia of the vas is detected, since ipsilateral agenesis of the kidney may also be present. In spite of the improved techniques available today, reconstructive surgery on seminal duct abnormalities usually yields poor results.

Humans↗
PubMed1984

[Transrenal and transcorporal immediate roentgen imaging using intensifying screens].

The use of single sheet films proved to be an essential advantage in the X-ray diagnostic with Polaroid films. A further improvement of this technique could be achieved by the combination of Polaroid films (type 52) and X-ray amplifying sheets (type Titan-D). It was then possible to reduce the X-ray exposure time to ony 0,2 s. Another combination (Polaroid 57 and "Siemens-Special-Sheets") allowed even to take excellent pictures of kidney stones, implants, bones etc. transcorporally .

Humans↗
PubMed1981

[Palliative nephrostomy in kidney congestion due to kidney neoplasms. Ethical aspects in decision making].

The decision to perform a percutaneous nephrostomy in a tumor patient with bilateral ureteral obstruction or not, must be taken very carefully and critically, according to the individual prognosis. It should be stressed that under certain circumstances it thoroughly corresponds with our ethical rules and the law to renounce the technical solution in favour of a humane dying.

Attitude to Death↗
PubMed1978

[Current status of pacemaker technology (author's transl)].

Since the first cardiac pacemaker was implanted twenty years ago, advances rendered have provided patients with increased reliability and therapeutic efficiency as well as subsequent incrementation in their life expectancy. Technological developments have yielded improvement in the main components such as electrode, the energy source and the electronic circuitry. A variety of leads are available to effect pacing requirements at ventricular and, in part, atrial levels. The introduction of lithium energy sources has prolonged the useful life of pacemakers to more than 8 years. Consumption of current has been reduced by decreasing electrode surface area, shortening of pulse duration and employment of hybrid circuits. Microprocessing of the electronic components have enabled reduced size of pulse generators while providing increased reliability and capabilities for additional functions. Amelioration of electrophysiologic disturbances has been specifically approached through increasing use of atrial and bifocal pacemakers, external programmability and overdrive pacing.

Cardiac Pacing, Artificial↗
PubMed1976

[Effects of short time extreme hemodilution with and without hypothermia on hemodynamic and biochemical parameters in the pig (author's transl)].

Extreme hemodilution as "Total Body Washout" (TBW) is a feasible method for the clinical therapy of endo- or exogenous intoxication. This method was modified for a simple and quick setup. Landrace pigs were hemodiluted with a special heart-lung-machine. Within 4 minutes the hematocrit was lowered to less than 1%. The rectal temperature fell hereby in a normothermic group (n = 15) to 35, 1 +/- 1, 1 degrees C and in a hypothermic one (n = 13) to 31,1 +/- 1,3 degrees C. The TBW was followed by a total exchange transfusion. Most of the parameters that were studied did not show significant differences between cold and warm perfusion. The proceeding was well tolerated by the animals, they were observed up to 6 weeks. Disadvantages of initial surface cooling may be avoided by extreme hemodilution with exclusive extracorporal cooling, when cardiac arrest in hypothermia is intended.

Animals↗