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Biomedical subjects

R Adams

Publications and source records attributed to R Adams.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Influence of personal and academic experiences on formation of attitudes toward mentally retarded adults.

Attitudes toward mentally retarded adults of 135 students majoring in special education, education, and social work were studied. Educational and personal experiences having to do with mentally retarded adults were compared. Correlations were low to moderate for the personal and academic experiences of the three groups as well as with their attitudes toward mentally retarded adults. Differences in attitude could not be explained by statistically controlling any variables.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Pathology as "personal growth": a participant-observation study of lifespring training.

This paper presents an overview of a Lifespring Basic Training workshop from a psychoanalytic perspective. Basing our conclusions on a participant-observation study, we argue that the impact of the training was essentially pathological. First, in the early period of the training, ego functions were systematically undermined and regression was promoted. Second, the ideational or interpretive framework of the training was based upon regressive modes of reasoning. Third, the structure and content of the training tended to stimulate early narcissistic conflicts and defenses, which accounted for the elation and sense of heightened well-being achieved by many participants.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Prepuce restoration seekers: psychiatric aspects.

A new subgroup of patients within the homosexual community has been identified who are characterized by preoccupation with their absent foreskins. They associate their circumcised status with a sense of incompleteness, anger over a lack of choice, and their sense of masculinity. Four patients who sought surgical reconstruction are reported. None were Jewish or psychotic. All tolerated surgery well. Preliminary etiologic hypotheses are advanced, emphasizing psychodynamic and imprinting possibilities.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

BRH test pattern for the evaluation of gamma-camera performance.

A transmission test pattern has been developed for the simultaneous evaluation of intrinsic resolution, field uniformity, and spatial distortion of gamma cameras of any model and age. Holes 2.5 mm in diameter are drilled with high precision through a 3.2-mm thick lead-alloy plate, forming an orthogonal array of holes. The minimal lead spacing separating adjacent holes is a constant 2.5 mm in th Y direction, but varies along the X axis, in groups of six holes, from 1.5-7 mm in steps of 0.5 mm. The performance of gamma cameras has been investigated with the gamma rays of Tc-99m and the low-energy photons from Xe-133 and Tl-201. Images of the test pattern provide a simple, rapid, and sensitive method for gamma camera quality control, acceptance testing of new instruments, and checking of a camera's operating and maintenance procedures.

Quality Control↗
PubMed1981

A precision pump for simulated cardiographic studies.

A system simulating physiologic and pathologic changes in left-ventricular volume is presented. Its purpose is to provide a model to establish the accuracy of current equipment for assessing a heart's performance where the actual volume and size are measurable. The versatility of the model allows a wide range of variability of various parameters for simulation of many clinical situations.

Cardiac Output↗
PubMed1979

Clonal characteristics of experimentally induced "atherosclerotic" lesions in the hybrid hare.

The female hybrid hare (Lepus timidus x Lepus europaeus) is heterozygous for electrophoretically separable, X-linked isoenzymes of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. The isoenzymes of this animal have been used as cellular markers in the study of the clonal origins of experimentally induced atherosclerotic lesions. Aortic lesions produced in the hybrid hare by feeding cholesterol and injuring the aortic wall with a catheter have been shown to have polyclonal characteristics and in this way are fundamentally different from atherosclerotic fibrous plaques in man.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Hypertension screening in schools: results of the Dallas study.

The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of persistent blood pressure elevations in an eighth-grade population composed of three ethnic groups, and to determine the feasibility of using school health facilities for hypertension screening. Blood pressure was recorded in 10,641 subjects (90% of the total eighth-grade population) in the Dallas Independent School District. Blacks made up 46% of the population; non-Latin whites, 40.1%; and Latin-Americans, 13.9%. On the first blood pressure screening, 8.9% had systolic or diastolic pressures or both at or above the 95th percentile. Of those whose blood pressures were elevated on the first examination, 98.3% were reexamined. After the third examination, 1.2% continued to have systolic hypertension, and 0.37% diastolic hypertension. No student had diastolic pressure above 90 mm Hg on all three examinations. The prevalence of persistent hypertension was similar for the three ethnic groups. Analysis of variation in blood pressure measurements revealed that the school nurses introduced a relatively small increase in variability. These data indicate that although school screening initially identifies large numbers of students as having inconstant pressure elevations, subsequent follow-up examinations show that less than 2% have persistent hypertension.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Deadtime measurements in scintillation cameras under scatter conditions simulating quantitative nuclear cardiography.

Deadtime performance of scintillation cameras is sensitive to such factors as scatter fraction and analyzer window width. Data from manufacturers and previous investigators do not predict counting-rate losses under clinical conditions. Scintillation cameras used with Tc-99m for quantitative nuclear cardiology should be evaluated for deadtime performance by the two-source method using a scatter phantom designed to simulate the spectrum from Tc-99m in the heart. Under these conditions, scintillation cameras were found to follow the paralyzable model; accurate estimates could be obtained for data losses and maximum useful counting rates in a clinical setting. A survey of 39 contemporary scintillation cameras yielded a range of paralyzing deadtime values of 4.3 to 10 musec, with a 20% window centered on the Tc-99m photopeak. For an average deadtime of 6 musec, counting rates should be maintained below 36,000 cps to avoid undue data losses in excess of 25%.

Heart Diseases↗
PubMed1977

Intracellular compartmentation of Na+, K+ and Cl- in the Ehrlich ascites tumor cell: correlation with the membrane potential.

The intracellular distribution of Na+, K+, Cl- and water has been studied in the Ehrlich ascites tumor cell. Comparison of the ion and water contents of whole cells with those of cells exposed to La3+ and mechanical stress indicated that La3+ treatment results in selective damage to the cell membrane and permits evaluation of cytoplasmic and nuclear ion concentrations. The results show that Na+ is sequestered within the nucleus, while K+ and Cl- are more highly concentrated in the cell cytoplasm. Reduction of the [Na+] of the incubation medium by replacement with K+ results in reduced cytoplasmic [Na+], increased [Cl-] and no change in [K+]. Nuclear concentrations of these ions are virtually insensitive to the cation composition of the medium. Concomitant measurements of the membrane potential were made. The potential in control cells was -13.7 mV. Reduction of [Na+] in the medium caused significant depolarization. The measured potential is describable by the Cl- equilibrium potential and can be accounted for in terms of cation distributions and permeabilities. The energetic implications of the intracellular compartmentation of ions are discussed.

Animals↗