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Biomedical subjects

R Amato

Publications and source records attributed to R Amato.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Interproximal gingival inflammation related to the conversion of a bleeding to a nonbleeding state.

Elimination of gingival bleeding has been related to a reduction in inflammation; however, histologic data are not available to support this association. The purpose of this study was to characterize the histology of interproximal gingiva that was converted from a bleeding to a nonbleeding state. An interproximal gingival biopsy was obtained from each of 32 patients, 15 of whom bled upon stimulation with a soft wooden interdental cleaner. The remaining 17 biopsies were obtained from sites which initially bled, but were converted to nonbleeding by scaling and interproximal plaque control. Specimens were processed for light microscopic evaluation and subjected to a morphometric analysis for various tissue components. Data from bleeding and "stopped bleeding" specimens were compared using analysis of covariance. The results indicated that "stopped bleeding" specimens had significantly less inflamed connective tissue. It was concluded that the conversion of a bleeding to a nonbleeding state corresponds with a histological reduction in the magnitude of the interproximal inflammatory lesion and provides a rationale, therefore, for the use of bleeding to monitor the effects of therapeutic methods.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Presence of Candida albicans in the oral cavity of healthy subjects].

The influence of possible changes in bacterial flora in the etiology of periodontal disease assessed during a study of saprophitism of Candida albicans in the oral cavity is reported. Three saliva samples, each from each of 50 healthy subjects not on drugs, taken prior to breakfast and after careful cleaning of the oral cavity the previous evening were subjected to bacterioscopic examination both immediately and after culturing on Sabouraud medium. pH levels were also determined. 17 subjects, of which females predominated, (12 cases compared to 5 male cases) were found to be C.a carriers.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Analysis of the oral bacterial flora in subjects with periodontal diseases].

A bacterioscopic study of the bacterial flora of 15 healthy and 15 periodontal disease carriers is presented in relation to the possibly pathogenetic role of oral bacterial flora in the development of human periodontal disease. Study samples taken from sulcus and gingival pockets were examined by darkfield microscopy. Results show that bacterial flora from periodontal disease subjects differs from that in healthy subjects in that spirochetes are present and the incidence of straight and motile rods is higher than of coccoid cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Incidence of oral candidiasis in a sample group of diabetics].

The recurrence of Candida albicans in the oral cavity of diabetic subjects is examined in connection with the capacity of dismetabolic diseases, and diabetes in particular, to support the development of various mycoses. Results from the study of (not - saliva samples taken from) 50 diabetic but stomatologically healthy subjects show that Candida albicans was present in half of the cases examined and was more frequent in females than in males (15 and 10 cases, respectively). Oral cavity pH was also found to be lower in Candida albicans subjects than in normal cases.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Use of Dacron as an alternative carrier for evaluating oxidizing sterilants in the AOAC sporicidal test.

The AOAC sporicidal method (966.04) recommends the use of porcelain penicylinders and black waxed silk sutures as carriers for demonstrating the sporicidal activity of sterilants. However, the silk carriers are not suitable for evaluating the sporicidal efficacy of oxidizing agents, and an inert polyester material (Dacron) is recommended as an alternative. Dacron provides an equivalent microbial and physical challenge to silk. Microbiologically, both materials demonstrated similar HCI resistance, which is required by the AOAC test, as well as equivalent spore loading and spore wash-off. Electron microscopy showed that both materials present the same braided microstructure, providing an equivalent physical challenge to the test sterilant. Dacron was more consistent than silk, and did not require extraction prior to spore loading. The extraction method for black waxed silk was variable and incomplete, which may compromise the activity of oxidizing sterilants and add to method variability. Silk was also structurally altered in the presence of oxidizing sterilants and increased sterilant degradation. Dacron did not affect the sterilant and was inert in the presence of oxidizing agents. Dacron sutures are proposed as inert alternatives to silk for evaluating the sporicidal efficacy of oxidizing agents.

Hydrochloric Acid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical pharmacology of 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl-5-azacytosine (fazarabine) following 72-hour infusion.

The clinical pharmacology of fazarabine (1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl-5-azacytosine), a structural analogue of 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine (ara-C) and 5-azacytidine, was assessed in 14 patients with various malignancies during a phase I trial. Since the starting dose for the protocol was low (0.2 mg/m2/hr over a 72-hr continuous iv infusion), a radioimmunoassay (RIA) using commercially available ara-C antibody and [3H]ara-C was developed to measure the anticipated low plasma drug levels. The assay could be used to measure fazarabine accurately in plasma and urine with a sensitivity of 0.08 ng/ml. The RIA does not require extraction of samples. Using both RIA and HPLC, similar results were obtained in plasma samples from a patient receiving a high dose (180 mg/m2/hr) of fazarabine. The assay is simple, sensitive, reproducible, and specific. Following the infusion, plasma levels declined triphasically with a terminal half-life of 5.7 +/- 2.0 hr. The AUC was linearly related to dose. When the various doses were normalized to 1.75 mg/m2/hr (the maximum tolerated dose as determined from the phase I trial) the mean AUC value was 4232 +/- 987 (ng/ml)hr. Plasma steady-state drug levels (CPss) were achieved in 2-4 hr and were linearly dependent to dose. Also, when normalized, the mean CPss was 58 +/- 13 ng/ml, which is within the reported concentration range necessary for inhibiting malignant cell growth. Total clearance was rapid, 528 +/- 138 ml/(m2.min), and not dose-related.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis. Description of a clinical case].

We present the clinical case of an 8 years old boy affected by episodes of severe recurrent jaundice, preceded by intense itching with clinical and biochemical signs of cholestasis, diagnosed as benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis (B.R.I.C.), or Summerskill's syndrome. This was first described by this author in 1959. The syndrome appears as a rare form of cholestatic jaundice of unknown pathogenesis, which in 80% of cases shows up before the age of 20. Its clinical characteristics are episodes of severe jaundice preceded by intense itching with biochemical signs of cholestasis which rise with no apparent cause and which recover spontaneously and are intervalled by asymptomatic periods which last months or years. During this time there is also a regression of the chemical and histological evidence of cholestasis. The diagnosis of B.R.I.C. can be made after having excluded the other congenital or acquired causes of intrahepatic cholestasis according to the recurrent character of the jaundice and to the hepatic biopsy.

Child↗