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Biomedical subjects

R Ando

Publications and source records attributed to R Ando.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Adult Fanconi syndrome secondary to kappa-light chain myeloma: improvement of tubular functions after treatment for myeloma.

A 66-year-old man with kappa-light chain multiple myeloma had adult Fanconi syndrome. Renal tubular transport abnormalities consisted of renal tubular acidosis, renal glycosuria, aminoaciduria, phosphaturia and renal hypouricemia. After therapy for multiple myeloma, urinary Bence Jones protein became undetectable, and all these renal tubular abnormalities except urate wasting were corrected. Histological examination revealed electron-dense tubular and rod-like deposits in proximal tubular epithelium. This clinical observation suggests that the renal tubular transport defects were secondary to the myeloma process, possibly due to Bence Jones proteinuria.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Plasma levels of human atrial natriuretic factor in patients treated by hemodialysis and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.

We measured plasma levels of immunoreactive human atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) in chronic renal failure patients treated by hemodialysis (HD) and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Predialysis plasma ANF was significantly higher in HD patients (271.8 +/- 173.4 pg/ml) as compared to CAPD patients (81.8 +/- 80.5 pg/ml) and healthy subjects (31.5 +/- 19.8 pg/ml). Plasma volume was higher in HD patients than in CAPD patients. Plasma ANF and plasma volume showed a significant positive correlation. In HD patients, high plasma ANF value decreased significantly to a value comparable with that of CAPD patients after each dialysis. The removal rates of ANF by HD and CAPD were comparable. Ultrafiltration corresponding to 2% of body weight without dialysis also reduced plasma ANF. Thus, the difference in plasma ANF values between HD and CAPD patients seems to be mostly due to the difference in plasma volume, indicating that plasma ANF is sensitive to volume status even in chronic dialysis patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Effect of cysteamine on vocalization responses by arterial algogenics in guinea pigs].

Effects of cysteamine (2-mercaptoethylamine) on vocalization responses, a parameter of nociceptive response, was studied in conscious guinea pigs. Intra-arterial injection of bradykinin (3 micrograms), acetylcholine (300 micrograms), capsaicin (3 micrograms) and vanillyl n-nonoylamide (3 micrograms, VNA) induced severe vocalization responses. Three hours after an administration of cysteamine (300 mg/kg, s.c.), a significant suppressive effect was observed for bradykinin and acetylcholine-evoked vocalization. A weak suppressive effect appeared in capsaicin and VNA-evoked vocalization, but there were not statistically significant changes on vocalization counts when compared with the value of the saline-treated animals. However, consecutive pretreatment of guinea pigs with VNA led to a complete suppression of capsaicinoids-evoked vocalization only. Cysteamine completely suppressed bradykinin, acetylcholine, capsaicin and VNA-evoked vocalization responses in VNA desensitized guinea pigs. These findings suggest that the mechanisms of bradykinin and acetylcholine-evoked vocalization response differ from that of capsaicinoids.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1987

Behavioural effects of intrathecally injected tachykinins in rats with peripheral nerve transection.

The effect of unilateral sciatic nerve transection on behavioural responses produced by intrathecal administration of substance P (SP), neurokinin A, eledoisin and physalaemin was investigated in the rat. The injection of SP (3 nmol/rat) into the subarachnoid space was followed by reciprocal scratching, biting and licking of the fore- and hind-limbs. There was no observable difference in the behavioural response to SP between rats with nerve transection and sham operated rats at 5 days after operation. Whereas at 10, 20, and 30 days after nerve transection the response to SP was significantly increased as compared with sham operated rats. This phenomenon was also observed with neurokinin A (1.5, 3.0 and 6.0 nmol/rat), eledoisin (0.05 and 0.10 nmol/rat) and physalaemin (0.05 and 0.10 nmol/rat) at 10 days after operation. Ipsilateral depletion of SP from the lumbar (L4-L6) spinal cord was observed at 5, 10, 20, and 30 days after the unilateral transection of the sciatic nerve. These results suggest that sciatic nerve transection may produce an increased response to tachykinins through an enhanced sensitivity of tachykinin receptors in the lumbar cord.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Behavioural characterization of substance P-induced nociceptive response in mice.

Intrathecal injection of substance P produced a behavioural syndrome, consisting of reciproacal hindlimb scratching and biting or fore- and hind-licking. Pretreatment with either an analogue of substance P, (D-Pro2, D-Trp7,9)-substance P (DPDT-SP) or (D-Arg1, D-Pro2,4, D-Trp7,9, Leu11)-substance P, given intrathecally, reduced the response to substance P in a dose-dependent manner. The behaviour induced by substance P was also inhibited by intrathecal, intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) or intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of morphine. Intrathecal or subcutaneous injection of naloxone showed a biphasic effect on substance P response; the substance P-induced nociceptive response was increased by a small dose of naloxone, while it was inversely decreased by a large dose of naloxone. The results with analogues of substance P support the hypothesis that substance P, injected intrathecally, acts directly on substance P receptors in the spinal cord. The nociceptive response induced by substance P appears to be controlled by endogenous opioids in the spinal cord.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Factors that affect oxygen affinity of hemoglobin in chronic hemodialysis patients.

To investigate various factors that possibly affect oxygen affinity of hemoglobin (Hb-O2 affinity) in chronic hemodialysis (HD) patients, we determined P50 at standard condition (P50std), 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) content in red blood cells, serum inorganic phosphorus (S-Pi), Hb, and arterial blood gas analysis in 55 HD patients. P50std in HD patients was higher than that in normal controls (26.6 +/- 1.6 vs. 25.4 +/- 1.4 mm Hg; p less than 0.001). We could find neither an effect of alkalizating agents for HD (acetate vs. bicarbonate) nor an effect of the underlying disease (diabetics vs. nondiabetics) on Hb-O2 affinity. There were significant positive correlations between P50std and the duration of HD therapy (r = 0.598; p less than 0.001) and between P50std and SPi (r = 0.476; p less than 0.001), contrasting with the absence of correlation between P50std and Hb. Forward stepwise multiple-regression analysis demonstrated that the duration of HD therapy played the most important roles in determining P50std, followed by SPi and PO2. These data suggest that the major factor influencing Hb-Os affinity in chronic HD therapy is the duration of the therapy and that the minor factors are SPi and PO2.

2,3-Diphosphoglycerate↗
PubMed1987

Lack of effect of alpha-human atrial natriuretic polypeptide on volume reabsorption and p-aminohippuric acid secretion in the rabbit proximal straight tubule.

To assess a possible direct tubular action of alpha-human atrial natriuretic peptide (alpha-hANP), we studied the effects of alpha-hANP on volume reabsorption (JV), transepithelial voltage (VT), and p-aminohippuric acid (PAH) secretion in the rabbit proximal straight tubules (PST) by in vitro microperfusion technique. In superficial PST (SFPST), addition of alpha-hANP at various concentrations (10(-7), 10(-9), 10(-11) M) to the bath solution did not alter JV significantly. Bath alpha-hANP (10(-7) M) did not change VT in SFPST, either. In juxtamedullary PST (JMPST), addition of alpha-hANP (10(-7) M) to the bath solution changed neither VT nor JV significantly. The alpha-hANP (10(-7) M) in the luminal fluid caused no changes in either VT or JV in SFPST. Furthermore, alpha-hANP (10(-7) M) in the bath did not change the rate of PAH secretion in SFPST. Thus, we could not obtain any evidence for direct tubular action of alpha-hANP in rabbit PST. Accordingly, alpha-hANP may increase solute excretion without directly affecting solutes transport in PST of the rabbit kidney.

Aminohippuric Acids↗
PubMed1986

[Effects of tooth pulp stimulation on single unit activity of the amygdala in cats].

Responses induced by tooth pulp stimulation were studied in 27 gallamine immobilized adult cats. Single units were recorded from the amygdala using stainless steel microelectrodes. Of 57 amygdaloid neurons, 8 were responsive to only non-nociceptive (tap and/or hair bending) stimuli, 7 were responsive to both nociceptive (pinch) and non-nociceptive stimuli, 18 were responsive to nociceptive stimuli, non-nociceptive stimuli and tooth pulp stimulation, and the others did not respond to these stimuli. The neurons in the amygdala responsive to tooth pulp stimulation were localized in the nucleus amygdaloideus centralis (pars lateralis) [Acl], nucleus amygdaloideus centralis (pars medialis) [Acl] and nucleus amygdaloideus basalis (pars magnocellularis) [Abm]. The response induced by tooth pulp stimulation was depressed by morphine and reversed by naloxone. These results suggest that Acl, Acm and Abm in the amygdala may receive pain sensation evoked by tooth pulp stimulation. Moreover, there is a possibility that these nuclei may be related to the emotional component involved in nociceptive processing.

Afferent Pathways↗
PubMed1986

Studies on the hypothermic response of capsaicin and its analogue in mice.

Administration of capsaicin (CAP) and its related pungent, nonanoyl vanillylamide (NVA) produced significant dose-dependent hypothermic response in mice at an ambient temperature of 24 degrees C. CAP was approximately equieffective to NVA in producing hypothermia. After large doses, desensitization occurred to the hypothermic effects of both CAP and NVA. The hypothermia produced by CAP and NVA was prevented by a small dose of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) (0.25 nmol/animal) which by itself had little effect on body temperature. Histidyl-proline diketopiperazine, a metabolite of TRH, was without effect on the hypothermic response of CAP and NVA. The result suggests that a TRH neuronal system in the brain may explain a part of the mechanism of CAP- and NVA-induced hypothermia in mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Intrathecal substance P analogue causes motor dysfunction in the rat.

(D-Pro2, Trp7,9)-substance P injected into the subarachnoid space produced a severe faccid extension of hindlimb in a dose-related manner in the rat. This motor dysfunction was neither reversed by naloxone, an opioid receptor antagonist nor by intrathecal SP. SP levels in the lumbar cord were markedly depleted in rats with hindlimb paralysis, though there was not significant changes in rats without paraplegia. These results suggest that DPDT-SP produces motor dysfunction which dose not appear to be mediated by opioid and SP receptors.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Effects of morphine on evoked potentials recorded from the amygdala by tooth pulp stimulation in cats.

Effects of intravenously administered morphine on the evoked potentials of the amygdala elicited by tooth pulp stimulation were examined in cats. The various evoked potentials were observed in regions of the amygdala such as nucleus amygdaloideus centralis (pars lateralis), nucleus amygdaloideus basalis (pars magnocellularis), nucleus amygdaloideus basalis (pars parvocellularis) and nucleus amygdaloideus lateralis. Evoked potentials were significantly decreased by morphine in four of the recorded regions. Morphine had no effect on the latency at any site of the amygdala observed. Depressant effects of morphine on evoked potentials were antagonized by naloxone in all 14 cats. This study indicates that there is a receptive field of pain in the amygdala which undoubtedly plays a role in emotion.

Amygdala↗
PubMed1980

[The effect of thiamine deficiency on the actions of drugs affecting the central nervous system in rats (author's transl)].

Male Wistar rats, 35-days-old, maintained on a thiamine deficient diet for 30 days showed marked growth inhibition and a heart rate less than 70% of that of control rats. We examined the effect of thiamine deficiency on the action of drugs effecting the central nervous system at this period. In thiamine deficient rats treated with chloral hydrate 200 mg/kg, ketamine 100 mg/kg sodium pentobarbital 50 mg/kg, and hexobarbital 100 mg/kg, the sleeping time increased. Pretreatment with 15 mg/kg of the metabolic enzymes inhibitor, SKF-525A, 30 min prior to the hexobarbital administration resulted in prolongation of sleeping time in all groups. The thiamine deficient rats slept almost 3.5 times longer than did the control group. Pretreatment with 100 mg/kg of the metabolic enzyme inducer, sodium phenobarbital, 48 hours prior to hexobarbital treatment resulted in decreased sleeping time in all groups, as compared with only hexobarbital treatment. In the thiamine deficient rats the catalepsy and ptosis induced by the i.p. administration of tetrabenazine 50 mg/kg was reduced even when the control and pair-fed groups responded to this drug at the drug peak time. The spontaneous neuronal activity of lateral hypothalamus was most sensitive to the administration of 5-hydroxytryptophan in thiamine deficient rats.

5-Hydroxytryptophan↗
PubMed1979

[Effects of diazepam on rage reaction elicited by the lateral hypothalamus (LH) and on single unit activities in the LH and the basal medial amygdaloid nucleus (Abm) in cats (author's transl)].

Effects of diazepam were examined on the whine reaction elicited by LH stimulation and on unit activities in the LH and Abm in cats. The spontaneous firing frequency of Abm neurons was 5 to 30 spikes/sec and in all 6 neurons isolated the firing frequency increased by non-nociceptive and/or clap-stimulation. Diazepam decreased the spontaneous firing frequency of all Abm neurons isolated and the increased firing frequency elicited by non-nociceptive and/or clap-stimulation was also depressed by diazepam. The spontaneous firing frequency of neurons in the LH was 4 to 5 spikes/sec and all 6 neurons isolated firing frequency increased by non-nociceptive stimulation. Only one of 6 neurons, however, was activated by clap-stimulation. Diazepam decreased the spontaneous firing frequency of all LH neurons. Out of 6 neurons responsive to non-nociceptive stimulation, 3 were also depressed by diazepam. The other neurons were not affected by diazepam. These results suggest that depressed action of diazepam on the whine reaction elicited by the LH stimulation may be related to the decrease of firing in the Abm and/or the LH by diazepam.

Amygdala↗
PubMed1978

[Effects of diazepam on evoked potential recorded from basal medial amygdaloid nucleus, lateral hypothalamus and midbrain reticular formation (author's transl)].

The evoked potential in the lateral hypothalamus (LH) recorded by stimulation of basal medial amygdaloid nucleus (Abm) showed a triphasic pattern and diazepam (2 mg/kg, i. p.) decreased the late component. The evoked potential in the midbrain reticular formation (MRF) recorded by stimulation of Abm showed a fast component with a relatively short latency followed by a biphasic late component and diazepam decreased the late component. Though the evoked potential in the Abm recorded by stimulation of LH showed a triphasic pattern, diazepam had no influence on the amplitude. Diazepam increased markedly the amplitude of evoked potential in the MRF recorded by stimulation of LH. Diazepam was ineffective on the evoked potential in the Abm recorded by stimulation of MRF. Diazepam decreased markedly the late component of evoked potential in the LH recorded by stimulation of MRF. These results suggest that the depression of emotional behavior by diazepam may be particularly related to the fact that the evoked potential in the LH recorded by stimulation of Abm was decreased by diazepam.

Amygdala↗