[Diagnosis of complications of ventriculo-peritoneal and ventriculo-atrial shunts].
The value of imaging (cranial CT, cranial and abdominal sonography, plain film surveys) was examined retrospectively in 28 shunted children in whom 82 instances of suspected dysfunction arose. There were 23 obstructions, 12 dislocations, 1 disconnection, 6 infections, 3 overdrainages and 5 slit ventricle syndromes. Impaired absorption with ascites, a peritoneal liquor cyst and a seroma occurred in the peritoneal part of the shunt. Progressive dilatation of the ventricle system shown by CCT (89%) or ultrasound was the most sensitive sign of high-pressure hydrocephalus. Periventricular hypodensity and flattening of the gyri (15%) were found less often. An examination strategy in suspected shunt dysfunction is suggested on the basis of these findings.