The viscous fluid pump.
We describe a device useful for injection of viscoelastic material into the vitreous cavity for internal tamponade. The instrument has proven to be reliable and "user friendly" in a clinical setting.
Equipment Design↗
Biomedical subjects
R B Chambers
Publications and source records attributed to R B Chambers.
Evacuation/cautery vitreous needle.
Since hemostasis and passive suction to remove preretinal blood are important elements to the vitrectomy surgeon, a new disposable evacuation/cautery needle has been developed to accomplish these two objectives. This instrument allows the surgeon to clear the vitreous proximate to the bleeding site and cauterize the vessels without changing instruments.
Cautery↗
Varicella-zoster retinitis in human immunodeficiency virus infection. Case report.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
The effect of the CAT-CAM above-knee prosthesis on functional rehabilitation.
Five, rehabilitated, unilateral above-knee amputees (average age, 34.4 years) using quadrilateral sockets were converted to Contoured Adducted Trochanteric-Controlled Alignment Method (CAT-CAM) sockets to determine the effect on ambulatory function. Patients were evaluated before and after conversion for subjective acceptance, gait deviations, relative femoral shaft inclination, coronal-plane hip abduction torque, and ambulatory metabolic demands. The CAT-CAM socket was subjectively rated superior by four patients. Most gait deviations improved or disappeared. Femoral shaft inclination angles improved an average of 6.5 degrees toward adduction by roentgenographic measurements in four patients. Film records suggest that the compensatory lateral trunk lean, seen in patients with quadrilateral sockets, diminished after conversion. These four patients increased their customary gait velocities, and all showed a reduction in the quantity of oxygen consumed per meter traveled by up to 50%.
Amputation, Surgical↗
Magnetic resonance imaging of uveal melanomas.
A series of 31 patients who presented with uveal mass lesions was studied with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Uveal melanoma was the presumed clinical diagnosis in 23 of the cases. Ten (43%) of these suspected melanomas provided useful images on both spin-lattice (T1)- and spin-spin (T2)-weighted studies and these had characteristic features. The features include a high-intensity image on T1-weighted studies with progressively decreasing relative intensity on T2-weighted images. These findings are consistent with short T1 and T2 relaxation times. In contrast, three cases of carcinoma metastatic to the choroid demonstrated a relatively high signal intensity on both T1- and T2-weighted images. The short relaxation times exhibited by uveal melanomas are in contrast with the relatively long T1 and T2 times found in other malignant neoplasms. These characteristics may provide a noninvasive method for differentiation of malignant melanoma from other mass lesions within the uveal tract.
Humans↗
Ambulation levels of bilateral lower-extremity amputees. Analysis of one hundred and three cases.
One hundred and three bilateral lower-extremity amputees were evaluated to determine their eventual ambulation level. Of thirty-eight bilateral above-the-knee amputees, two with traumatic amputation were prosthetically rehabilitated, while none of the thirty-five with dysvascular amputation were so rehabilitated. Twenty-two of the dysvascular above-the-knee amputees were wheelchair ambulators and thirteen were bedridden. Prosthetic rehabilitation has been successful for traumatic bilateral above-the-knee amputees but has never been successful for our dysvascular bilateral above-the-knee amputees. The goal for dysvascular bilateral above-the-knee amputees is wheelchair ambulation. Of twenty-one patients with combinations of above-the-knee and below-the-knee amputations, five were prosthetically rehabilitated, including four dysvascular amputees; ten were wheelchair ambulators; and six were bedridden. Of forty-four patients with bilateral below-the-knee amputation, thirty-five were prosthetically rehabilitated and the remaining nine were wheelchair ambulators. Since the success rate for prosthetic rehabilitation is higher for amputees with combination above-the-knee and below-the-knee amputation than for those with bilateral above-the-knee amputation, and again increases for those with bilateral below-the-knee amputation, the significance of preserving the knee joint, even a single knee, cannot be overemphasized.
Activities of Daily Living↗
Surgical reconstruction for calcaneonavicular coalition. Evaluation of function and gait.
The function of nineteen patients was evaluated at three to fourteen years after reconstructive surgery for calcaneonavicular coalition. Measurements of subtalar motion, single-limb functional tests, and gait analyses were carried out to determine how function in these patients differed from normal. Better function correlated well with better postoperative subtalar motion. Patients with a unilateral coalition who had good subtalar motion after resection showed symmetrical gait patterns during tests of function of the subtalar joint under conditions of stress.
Adolescent↗
Orthopaedic injuries in athletes (ages 6 to 17). Comparison of injuries occurring in six sports.
A prospective study of orthopaedic injuries to children (ages 6 to 17) was conducted for a calendar year in the controlled environment of a military post. Data were collected on the number of participants, the hours of participation, and the number of injuries for six supervised sports (football, soccer, basketball, baseball, swimming, and gymnastics). An injury index factor was derived by a formula: (number of injuries x 10(4)) divided by [(number of participants) x (average number of hours of participation) x (number of weeks in the season of the sport)]. When the injury index factors were compared, the risk a participant has for sustaining an injury in football was twice as high (1.72) as its nearest competitors, basketball (0.88) and gymnastics (0.85). Soccer had an index factor of 0.29; baseball, 0.14; and swimming had a factor of zero. Eighty percent of all sports-related orthopaedic injuries involved the upper extremities. Lower extremity orthopaedic injuries occurred only in football and gymnastics. The evidence suggests that those persons concerned with reducing the number of injuries to the growing athlete in supervised sports should focus their attention on reducing the risk of injury to the upper extremities.
Adolescent↗