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Biomedical subjects

R B Irwin

Publications and source records attributed to R B Irwin.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Clear cell sarcoma presenting as an interdigital neuroma.

The incidence of malignant soft-tissue sarcomas in the general population is approximately 1.4 per 100,000. Approximately 2% of all cancer deaths are attributable to these tumors. Presented is a case history of a soft-tissue malignant neoplasm that was originally thought to be an interdigital neuroma and that eventually required a modified Chopart's amputation. A review of the literature is presented on other soft-tissue malignant tumors that have an affinity for the foot and ankle. The intention of presenting this case is to caution physicians that malignant lesions can simulate a benign process and should always be considered in the differential diagnosis of any foot mass.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Osteolytic monostotic Paget's disease of the fifth lumbar vertebra. A case report.

Osteolytic monostotic Paget's disease or osteitis deformans of the fifth lumbar vertebra occurred in a 55-year-old woman. An isolated lytic process involving the entire vertebral body and posterior elements and an open biopsy showed extensive remodeling with cement lines, myelofibrosis, and osteoclastic resorption typical of Paget's disease.

Female↗
PubMed1985

Mediator release in local heat urticaria: protection with combined H1 and H2 antagonists.

Two patients with local heat urticaria were examined for evidence of histamine release and for changes in mast cell morphology after local heat challenge. Both patients demonstrated significant release of histamine into the draining venous blood in the challenged arm. Biopsy specimens revealed mucosal edema after 30 min, followed by a mononuclear, perivascular infiltrate by 6 hr, and increasing in intensity by 24 hr. Degranulated mast cells were observed by electron microscopy. Heat challenge was repeated after treatment with hydroxyzine, cimetidine, or a combination of both drugs. Neither hydroxyzine nor cimetidine alone affected the clinical response to challenge, but both drugs together completely abolished the clinical response. In addition, the combination of both drugs taken regularly completely prevented symptoms. This observation suggests that histamine is one of the major mediators of this disorder and that both H1 and H2 receptors are operative.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Training speech pathologists through microtherapy.

Two microtraining methods were evaluated for training speech pathologists in the acquisition of skills utilized in treating misarticulations. Fifteen subjects in an introductory class in speech pathology were randomly placed in two groups (modeling, video replay, and counseling versus video replay and counseling). The training included reading a manual about the skills and a sequence of three teach sessions. The control group did not view the video model. According to the results, the model group made a greater gain score (M = 8.38) than the nonmodel group (M = 3.88). Significant gains were made for both experimental groups between teach sessions one and two, but no significant gains were made between the second and third teach sessions.

Books↗
PubMed1981

Video self-confrontation in speech pathology.

Fifteen students in speech pathology observed and reacted to video replay of clinical sessions, representing presituation and postsituation tests with intervening microtherapy sessions, which were also videotaped and replayed. Reactions to video replays were made to questions. Experience through microtherapy and video self-confrontation gives more evidence of reduction of anxiety. Further study of the concerns of clinical trainees through video self-confrontation in a microtraining format is recommended.

Anxiety↗
PubMedDate not supplied

MR imaging of myositis ossificans: variable patterns at different stages.

Five patients with a palpable mass at presentation underwent magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. The final diagnosis was myositis ossificans (MO). MR imaging features, particularly after injection of gadopentetate dimeglumine, mimicked those of an inflammatory mass or neoplasm. The lesions were excised in three patients, and the images were correlated with histologic findings. Three different appearances were noted on MR images, corresponding to the stages of maturation of MO. Two cases involved early-stage lesions, and T1-weighted MR images showed a mass with homogeneous intermediate signal intensity. Both lesions showed rim enhancement after contrast agent injection and high signal intensity on T2-weighted images. Pathologic specimens demonstrated stroma with masses of spindle cells in which osteoid production was interspersed. The enhanced rim of the lesion mimicked the expected MR appearance of an abscess or necrotic tumor. Areas of enhancement in adjacent muscle were also seen on postcontrast T1-weighted images. Intermediate-stage MO was present in one case; there was evidence of a thin rim of calcification on plain radiographs and fatty changes in the lesion on T1-weighted images, corresponding with histologic findings. One case of a mature lesion showed a considerable degree of peripheral calcification both on MR images and at histology. MR imaging is nonspecific in the diagnosis of early-stage MO.

Abscess↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Orthopedic injuries in water-skiing: etiology and prevention.

The inherent danger of orthopedic injury is little recognized in the extremely popular sport of water-skiing. The water-skiing equipment, the speed at which the boat is driven and the experience of the skier play a major role in the severe injuries reported here.

Adolescent↗