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Biomedical subjects

R B Odom

Publications and source records attributed to R B Odom.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Cutaneous manifestations of lymphomatoid granulomatosis. Report of 44 cases and a review of the literature.

A review of records of 44 patients who had lymphomatoid granulomatosis (LYG) with skin lesions showed that cutaneous manifestations are protean and generally transient. Subcutaneous or dermal nodules were present in more than 60% of cases. A maculopapular rash or macular erythema was less common, and ulceration was rare. Skin lesions were widely distributed. Frequently, in patients who had early cutaneous involvement with LYG, associated involvement of the nervous system and joints occurred. Findings from laboratory studies were generally inconclusive. Lymphomatoid granulomatosis progressed to lymphoma in 18% of the cases, and death from respiratory failure was common. Theories on the possible cause and the pathogenesis of LYG are presented.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Trichothiodystrophy: sulfur-deficient brittle hair as a marker for a neuroectodermal symptom complex.

Trichothiodystrophy, or sulfur-deficient brittle hair, is a clinical marker for a neuroectodermal symptom complex that usually features mental and physical retardation and may also include nail dystrophy, lamellar ichthyosis, ocular dysplasia, dental caries, and decreased fertility. Cystine-deficient hair is common to all patients. The hairs from two new patients were studied, and the most distinctive microscopic hair findings were striking bright and dark bands seen with polarizing microscopy using crossed polarizers. To date, all hair samples showing this banding have had an abnormally low sulfur content. Two-dimensional electrophoresis on the two protein fractions of the abnormal hair confirmed that the abnormality is caused by decreased synthesis of high-sulfur matrix proteins. Disturbances of the transport or utilization of sulfur-containing amino acids in other neuroectodermal tissues may be proposed to account for the various disease features in these persons.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Successful treatment of keratoacanthoma with intralesional fluorouracil.

Forty-one keratoacanthomas (KA) occurring in thirty patients were treated with weekly intralesional injections of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Forty lesions cleared after an average of three injections in an average of 3.4 weeks (range, 2 to 6 weeks). This response suggests that intralesional injections of 5-FU are the treatment of choice for KAs.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Late subcutaneous fibrosis following megavoltage radiotherapy.

A woman who received radiotherapy for a breast carcinoma developed symptomatic deep subcutaneous fibrosis 7 months after treatment. Deep biopsy confirmed the diagnosis. A good response to prednisone therapy was obtained in this patient. Long-term sequelae may include soft tissue sarcoma.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1980

The ultrastructure of a keloid.

An active, symptomatic keloid from a 57-year-old woman was examined by both light and electron microscopy. The lesion was found to be comprised entirely of myofibroblasts. Fibroblasts in keloids can apparently undergo full transition to this smooth muscle-like cell.

Breast Diseases↗
PubMed1980

Dermatitis associated with Evans blue dye.

A 73-year-old woman developed an allergic contact dermatitis of the feet and legs 24 days following lymphangiography. Dermatitis was accompanied by a generalized urticarial reaction. Intracutaneous skin testing was positive to Evans blue dye, used as a lymphatic marker, but negative to Ethiodol, an iodine-containing contrast medium. Soft tissue x-rays x-rays revealed extravasated Ethiodol in the left leg but not in the right, while dermatitis occurred on both legs. This finding, combined with the positive skin test to Evans blue, stress the importance of testing with both agents when dermatitis develops following lymphangiography. Intracutaneous rather than epicutaneous testing is the indicated route and may be related to the route of sensitization.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Vaginal medications as a cause for varied widespread dermatitides.

Widespread dermatitis developed in three women after use of vaginal preparations. Besides allergic contact dermatitis, these cases involved erythema multiforme and a photosensitive eruption. Antigen absorption into the general circulation through the vaginal wall, and its deposition at distant skin sites, appeared to account for the spread of the eruption. This type of eruption is akin to the systemic, eczematous, contact-type dermatitis mediated by a systemically given drug in a primarily cutaneously sensitized person.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Twenty-nail dystrophy of alopecia areata.

We describe here a patient with dystrophy of all 20 nails, which has persisted for five years after the resolution of alopecia areata. We feel that the term "20-nail dystrophy" is best used to describe a clinical entity that can have several causes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

The role of the myofibroblast in Dupuytren's contracture.

A case report of Dupuytren's contracture illustrates the functional and light and electron microscopic characteristics of the myofibroblast. The myofibroblast is now associated with an increasing number of diseases, and is believed to be a morphologic and functional variant of the fibroblast, which shows changes typical of smooth-muscle cells. Its presence may be suspected by light microscopy, but its ultrastructure is characteristic. Its distinctive electron microscopic features are a fibrillar system in the cytoplasm similar to that of a smooth muscle, nuclear deformations indicative of contraction, and surface membrane differentiations that provide attachment to neighboring cells and stroma.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Cutaneous Rhizopus infection. Occurrence as a postoperative complication associated with an elasticized adhesive dressing.

A 29-year-0ld woman in good health except for scoliosis suffered severe sequelae during the postoperative course for placement of a Harrington rod. A cutaneous Rhizopus infection in and about the incision site was attributed to the use of a contaminated elasticized adhesive (Elastoplast) dressing. The comtamination was established as a nosocomial problem, which is extremely difficult to control. The extent of the infection, subsequent long recovery course, and remarkable sequelae make this case unusual.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Allergic contact hypersensitivity to nickel, neomycin, ethylenediamine, and benzocaine. Relationships between age, sex, history of exposure, and reactivity to standard patch tests and use tests in a general population.

A study population of 1,158 paid adult volunteers was obtained. Prior to patch testing, a history of previous exposure to four allergens also was obtained. Prevalence of positive reactions to patch tests was nickel, 5.8%; neomycin, 1.1%; ethylenediamine, 0.43%; and benzocaine, 0.17%. Nine percent of women reacted to nickel compared with 0.9% of men. There was a strong correlation of nickel sensitivity with a history of pierced ears, earlobe rash, and jewelry rash. Ten of 12 neomycin-positive subjects used neomycin for one week or longer on an inflammatory dermatosis, compared with six of 36 age-, race-, and sex-matched controls. By history, 85% were exposed to benzocaine, 48% to neomycin, and 15% to Mycolog (ethylenediamine). Of 127 patients referred to clinics for evaluation of contact dermatitis, 11% yielded positive tests to nickel, 6.3% to neomycin, 3.1% to ethylenediamine, and 1.6% to benzocaine. Data obtained from testing contact dermatitis patients are not applicable to the general population.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

The allopurinol hypersensitivity syndrome.

Hypersensitivity reactions to allopurinol, a drug commonly used in the treatment of hyperuricemia, are being reported with increasing frequency. Of thirty-eight patients reviewed herein (including seven from our hospital and thirty-one from a review of the literature), ten deaths (26%) were related to complications of allopurinol hypersensitivity. Preexisting renal disease was present in 97% of patients, and, in the majority of these, the dosage of allopurinol was not reduced despite instructions contained in the package insert for this drug. At least 78% of patients were taking a thiazide diuretic prior to starting allopurinol therapy. Over 60% of patients had received allopurinol for asymptomatic hyperuricemia. Hallmarks of this hypersensitivity syndrome include a prolonged illness initially manifested by fever, a prominent cutaneous reaction, eosinophilia, hepatic abnormalities, and acute renal failure. Other involvement such as gastrointestinal bleeding is common. The mechanism of the hypersensitivity reaction is not clear, but it may represent an immune complex disease prolonged by the persistence of a currently undefined antigen. Treatment with systemic corticosteroids, often for several months, is usually necessary for the gradual resolution of this potentially fatal syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Adverse effects of corticosteroids.

The introduction of corticosteroids has constitutded the most revolutionary event in dermatologic therapy in the last twenty-five years. The effectiveness of topical therapy in well diagnosed and obscure dermatoses led to wide applications by specialists and general practitioners, and resulted in the development of more potent topical steroid preparations. Their enthusiastic acceptance, and often indiscriminante use, has been followed by occasional reports of adverse effects. After the introduction of occlusive topical steroid therapy under plastic wrap, more dramatic therapeutic effects were achieved, but the adverse effects also increased. There is presently an abundance of reports elaborating on systemic and local adverse reactions resulting from topically applied or intralesionally injected steroids. This report summarizes the local side effects of these steroids.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1979

Evans blue dermatitis.

Contact dermatitis developed in five patients due to Evans blue, an azo-type dye used ot outline the lymphatics prior to the injection of a contrast medium in performing lymphangiography. A pathophysiologic mechanism for the development of dermatitis due to Evans blue is proposed.

Azo Compounds↗