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Biomedical subjects

R B Payne

Publications and source records attributed to R B Payne.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Correlation between serum ionised calcium and serum albumin concentrations in two hospital populations.

One quarter of 172 patients from two hospitals with no obvious disturbances of calcium homeostasis and with total serum calcium concentrations that were normal after adjustment for albumin concentration had low serum ionised calcium concentrations. The low values were not due to changes in pH but were associated with hypoalbuminaemia. Significant positive regressions of ionised calcium on albumin concentration were observed in patients from both hospitals and also in 48 healthy laboratory staff. Because the regressions did not differ between patients and healthy subjects the low ionised calcium values associated with hypoalbuminaemia are unlikely to have been of pathological importance. These findings indicate that interpreting serum ionised calcium concentrations in patients with a reduced serum albumin concentration on the basis of a reference range determined in subjects with a normal serum albumin concentration may be clinically misleading.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Serum theophylline by fluorescence polarisation immunoassay.

The Abbott TDX system utilises the principles of fluorescence polarisation and competitive binding analysis for the quantitation of drug levels in plasma. The system proved easy to use, and produced reliable results rapidly. The high cost of reagents is balanced by the fact that the reagents are stable and therefore the assays can be calibrated infrequently.

Humans↗
PubMed1984

Hormonal influences on psychomotor reminiscence.

Psychomotor reminiscence was measured in contraceptively medicated and non-medicated subjects on Days 2, 8, and 14 of their menstrual cycles. As previously reported, mean reminiscence in non-medicated subjects was relatively low on Days 2 and 8, but significantly higher on Day 14. By contrast, reminiscence means in medicated subjects were relatively low and essentially alike across all testing days. These results are discussed within the context of reactive inhibition theory, wherein the adrenergic properties of mid-cycle concentrations of estrogenic hormones are thought responsible for more vigorous responding, hence more reactive inhibition and higher reminiscence. Such concentrations were, of course, precluded by contraceptive medication.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Effects of hand preference on the sex difference in psychomotor reminiscence.

Psychomotor reminiscence was investigated in 80 young adults as a function of sex, handedness, and hand employed in practice. Women reminisced more than men when practice was conducted with the preferred hand but not when it was conducted with the other hand. Hand preference was not a significant factor in men's reminiscence. Results were discussed within the context of reactive inhibition theory.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Clinically significant effect of protein concentration on ion-selective electrode measurements of ionised calcium.

Others, using an Orion SS-20 ionised calcium analyser, noted that the ionised calcium concentration of a native serum sample was 8% greater than that of its ultrafiltrate. The experiments described here, using a Nova 2 ionised calcium analyser, confirmed a positive protein interference which was greater for human albumin than for IgG. Uncharged dextran showed no positive interference but dextran sulphate, which is highly charged and binds calcium, showed a large effect. Thus the interference is related to macromolecular charge. Dialysis experiments with normal and pathological human serum samples indicated that the ionised calcium of diffusible plasma water was overestimated by an average of 9.6% at an albumin concentration of 40 g/l and by 4.8% at 20 g/l. It is concluded that the measurement of ionised calcium with existing analysers can be clinically misleading in patients with abnormal plasma proteins. Hypocalcaemia is likely to be overdiagnosed and hypercalcaemia underdiagnosed in the presence of hypoalbuminaemia.

Blood Proteins↗
PubMed1981

Effectiveness of out-of-hours biochemistry investigations.

A survey was carried out of doctors who used their out-of-hours biochemistry service to find out why requests for investigations were made, how often the results altered patient management, and whether they could define areas where investigations were unproductive. Of 107 questionnaires distributed, 147 (88%) were completed. In 86% the requests were for diagnosis or immediate patient management and in 35% the results actually altered management. Senior clinical staff were more efficient than their juniors in instigating biochemical investigations that proved to be effective. In no instance where the clinical staff predicted that it was unlikely that the results would alter management was management altered. It is suggested that joint reviews of case notes by junior and senior clinical staff would prove to be the most appropriate way to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of clinical investigation.

Biochemistry↗
PubMed1981

An evaluation of the first production model of the Rank Hilger Chemispek multichannel electrolyte analyser.

The first production model of the Rank Hilger Chemispek multichannel analyser was evaluated. It is a six-channel machine for the analysis of sodium, potassium, chloride, bicarbonate, urea, and creatinine. We chose to run it at 120 samples per hour. The machine was shown to be economical in the volumes of both samples (200 microliters) and regents, flexible, accurate, and precise. It performance was better than that of other machines with a similar capacity and it is considerably cheaper.

Autoanalysis↗
PubMed1980

The sex difference in rotary pursuit performance: aptitude or inhibition?

This study examined the hypothesis that male dominance in the acquisition and performance of rotary pursuit skill reflects a lower male proclivity for the generation and accumulation of reactive inhibition rather than some innately superior ability to profit from practice. On this hypothesis, the magnitude of male dominance should decline as the length of the intertrial interval increases. The experimental sample consisted of 120 Caucasian subjects (60 of each sex) who were given sixty 30-sec trials on rotary pursuit with intertrial intervals ranging from 0 to 40 sec. The principal finding was that the magnitude of the sex difference depended significantly upon the length of the intertrial interval, as hypothesized. When the interval was 10 sec or longer, performance levels of the sexes were essentially equal. The sex variance was reduced to insignificance even on the first trial when allowance was made for the inhibitory effect of practice. Thus, male dominance in rotary pursuit skill appears to be a procedural effect mediated by and inhibitory mechanism rather than a consequence of differential endowments of learning ability.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1979

Serum-calcium.

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Calcium↗