Two experiments were undertaken in dogs to discover the influence of cortisone on the parietal cell population of the stomach. In one, samples of mucosa were removed at operation before and after the administration of cortisone in an average total dose of 39 mg. per kg. (in seven days). The thickness of the mucosa was increased by 16% and the number of parietal cells per unit area was increased by 33%. In the other experiment different doses were given by daily intramuscular injection for various periods. The dogs were killed and their whole stomachs were examined. Cortisone in an average total dose of 28 mg. per kg. (in three to seven days) increased the mean mucosal thickness by 27%, increased the number of parietal cells underlying a unit area of the gastric mucosa by 50%, and the total parietal cell population by a similar proportion. It did not influence the area of the gastric mucosa. Smaller doses of cortisone were less effective and larger ones tended to reduce the mucosal thickness and the number of parietal cells.

Animals↗

PubMed1960

The syndrome of nutritional deficiency after gastrectomy in the rat. A study of its nature and pathogenesis with particular reference to the role of iron.

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Animals↗

PubMed1960

The effects of corticotrophin and corticoids on secretion from denervated gastric pouches in dogs.

The effects of corticotrophin and of cortisone, methyl prednisolone, and of aldosterone on the gastric secretion of dogs have been investigated. Juice was collected from dogs with denervated pouches under basal conditions and when stimulated with meat extract and with histamine. For each secretion the volume, viscosity, and pH were measured, and the concentrations of hydrochloric acid, pepsin, sodium, potassium, and chloride estimated. In the pharmacological doses used all the substances produced similar effects. Volume and acidity of the secretion were increased and there was a decrease in the viscosity of the basal secretion. The concentration of pepsin and of sodium and potassium were decreased while the chloride concentration was unaffected. Cortisone (the only steroid tested in this respect) increased the maximal secretory response to histamine. Three to five days elapsed before any change took place in the secretion. The effects observed were independent of the glucocorticoid or mineralocorticoid activity of the particular hormone used and were probably due in some measure to a 50% increase in parietal cell population, associated with a 36% decrease in peptic cell population, which was demonstrated histologically.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗

PubMed1960

Effect of glucagon on gastric secretion in the dog.

The effects of glucagon on gastric secretion in the dog have been studied. Gastric juice was collected both from denervated and innervated pouches under basal conditions and when the animals were stimulated by meat extract and by histamine. In the dogs with innervated pouches psychic stimulation and the stimulatory action of insulin-induced hypoglycaemia were also used. Glucagon reduced the volume but not the acidity of gastric juice collected under all conditions. This effect was independent of its hyperglycaemic action and occurred when physiological doses were administered.

Animals↗

PubMed1960