Biomedical subjects

R B Wilberg

Publications and source records attributed to R B Wilberg.

11 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1992

Individual differences in visual information processing rate and the prediction of performance differences in team sports: a preliminary investigation.

This study used a backward-masking paradigm to examine individual differences in rate of visual information processing among university basketball, ice hockey and Canadian football players. Displays containing four letters were presented for stimulus durations ranging from 25 to 300 ms. Following stimulus offset, a masking stimulus was presented for 200 ms. The subjects were instructed to write down as many letters as possible from the briefly presented stimulus display on a specially prepared response grid. The results indicated consistent individual differences in rate of visual information processing. More importantly, it was found that rate of visual information processing as indexed by the backward-masking technique, has promising validity for predicting general performance excellence in university ice hockey and basketball players. Individual differences in rate of visual information processing were interpreted as reflecting the operation of attentional factors.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1988

A survey of the race profiles of cyclists in the pursuit and kilo track events.

A survey was made of national- and international-calibre men and women track cyclists who rode in three separate world-class competitions on the Argyll Velodrome, Edmonton, Canada. Race profiles were obtained from 222 riders who competed in the pursuit and 1000 m time trial (kilo) events. Mean lap times (MLT) and optimal race profiles (ORP) were constructed, and served as the bases of comparison between top- and bottom-ranked riders. The survey showed that riders whose race profile failed to approximate the ORP always lost to riders whose race profile did so. The most likely cause of poor race performances is the inefficient use of the cyclists' anaerobic energy resources.

Bicycling↗

PubMed1988

A survey of age group ice hockey goal keepers.

How large are age group ice hockey goal keepers who defend goals in the Canadian amateur hockey system? This and similar questions regarding physical size were the subject of a survey of age group ice hockey goal keepers from six age categories recognized by the Canadian Amateur Hockey Association. Of these six categories, only four, namely Mite, Pee Wee, Bantam, and Midget were sampled with sufficient frequency to be reported here. A non-amateur seventh category entitled Professional was also examined using the same survey instruments. The goalers participating in the survey provided anecdotal information, were weighed, height measured, and then photographed while in their goal keepers' 'crouch', both with and without their full goal keeping equipment. Non-inferential statistics of central tendency and dispersion were used to examine normalcies of anthropometric measures, proportionality of growth process, and distribution of apparent body size as determined from the blocking area of the body (frontal perspective).

Adolescent↗

PubMed1984

Consistent reproduction of movement sequences during acquisition of a pursuit tracking task.

A pursuit tracking task is used as a vehicle to investigate the manner in which response consistency is affected by practice. Detailed examination of movement patterns shows that subjects can reproduce the mid-phase of a movement relatively consistently while the accelerative and decelerative phases of the movement remain highly variable. The findings are discussed with reference to Sparrow's 1983 concept of efficiency in conjunction with Norman and Shallice's 1980 model of automated action.

Adult↗

PubMed1983

Immediate reproduction of temporal information under four cognitive strategies.

The main purpose was to determine the retention characteristics of temporal information when subjects experienced time under a retention interval of immediate reproduction and various cognitive strategies for time estimation. Four levels of cognitive strategy were used, viz., conscious, mental counting, counting aloud without auditory cues, and counting aloud with auditory cues. The latter three cognitive strategies were experimenter-defined, time-aiding techniques. Subjects were instructed to refrain from employing time-aiding techniques under a conscious cognitive strategy for time estimation. Visual durations of 1, 2, and 4 sec. were estimated by 12 subjects under the method of reproduction. Two measures of performance were computed, viz., variable and constant errors. The general conclusions were: (a) the effectiveness of mental counting, counting aloud without auditory cues, and counting aloud with auditory cues as cognitive strategies over conscious cognitive strategy in terms of variability depends on the duration used, and (b) in terms of accuracy and variability an increase in the number of cues under time-aiding techniques does not necessarily produce better performance.

Adult↗

PubMed1979

The basic stance of age-group ice hockey goalkeepers.

Over 300 goalkeepers from the seven age-groups were sampled as part of a larger age-group normative survey. The photographic evidence delineates three basic goalkeeping stances in the younger age-groups. For a variety of reasons, one of the stances becomes dominant to all others and appears to be the one used by NHL, WHA and world international championship goal tenders.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1976