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Biomedical subjects

R Barkin

Publications and source records attributed to R Barkin.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Use of beta-hydroxybutyric acid levels in the emergency department.

UNLABELLED: The impact of a new test on the market, the beta-hydroxybutyric acid (BOH) assay, on clinical decision-making in the emergency department (ED) has not been well studied. In this retrospective analysis, we studied the potential benefit of this new test in the ED decision-making process in diabetic patients. BOH levels were measured on all patients who had glucose and acetone levels ordered by the emergency physician during a 3-month period in the ED of a university tertiary referral center. Two groups were analyzed: group 1 was acetone-positive and BOH-positive (n = 13); group 2 was acetone-negative BOH-positive (n = 31). There was no difference between the two groups in terms of gender (p = 0.55) or age (p = 0. 47). The length of stay (p = 0.97) and number of complications (p = 0.89) were also similar between the two groups. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that in those diabetic patients with a negative acetone test and a positive BOH test, the addition of the positive result on the BOH test may provide additional prognostic information for predicting hospital length of stay and number of in-hospital complications.

3-Hydroxybutyric Acid↗
PubMed1998

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and gastroduodenal injury.

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are a commonly prescribed and over-the-counter class of drugs in the United States, with widespread use for various indications. The increased risk of gastrointestinal toxicity with the use of nonsteroidal medications has been well recognized. Pathogenesis of nonsteroidal toxicity is direct as well as systemic, secondary to prostaglandin inhibition. There are several risk factors to identify patients at a high risk for nonsteroidal toxicity. NSAID-related ulcer complications can be reduced by prophylaxis with prostaglandin analog drugs such as misoprostol or high-dosage proton-pump inhibition.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal↗
PubMed1994

Pediatric analgesia and sedation.

Sedation and analgesia are essential components of the ED management of pediatric patients. Used appropriately, there are a number of medications and techniques that can be used safely in the emergency care of infants and children. Emergency physicians should be competent in the use of multiple sedatives and analgesics. Adequate equipment and monitoring, staff training, discharge instructions and continuous quality management should be an integral part of the ED use of these agents.

Analgesia↗
PubMed1993

A multidisciplinary approach to pediatric pain: an empirical analysis.

A comprehensive assessment and multidimensional approach are critical for optimal outcomes in pediatric pain management. The purpose of this article is to describe the structure, function, and results of a multidisciplinary pain team composed of individuals from nursing, pediatric medicine, and pharmacology. The team's activities, including individual consultation on a school age/adolescent unit, are described.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Bromide intoxication secondary to pyridostigmine bromide therapy.

The diagnosis of bromide intoxication is often aided by the detection of a low or negative anion gap due to the laboratory detection of bromide as chloride. A 59-year-old woman with myasthenia gravis who received a large dose of pyridostigmine bromide developed postoperative psychosis and was diagnosed as having bromide intoxication. The diagnosis was suspected in the setting of a negative anion gap and only later confirmed by direct measurement of the serum bromide level. To our knowledge , this is the first reported case of bromide intoxication due to pyridostigmine bromide administration.

Bromides↗
PubMed1989

A Thy-1 negative lymphoma cell variant defective in the formation of glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol membrane protein anchors.

Thy-1 is a glycoprotein present on the membrane of murine cells of the T-lineage. The mature Thy-1 is anchored to the membrane via a glycolipid, phosphatidylinositide. In order to study the regulation of the synthesis and membrane insertion of this protein, the biochemical properties of a Thy-1.2 negative variant T-lymphoma cell (RL male 1.4) were studied. It contains intracellular Thy-1 protein but fails to express it on the cell surface. While the wild type and the mutant show similar labelling of the intracellular Thy-1 glycoprotein with amino acids, no ethanolamine is incorporated into the Thy-1 molecule of RL male 1.4. A plasmid, pT1, containing the normal Thy-1.2 gene and bacterial gpt gene was transfected into RL male 1.4 and into the murine plasmacytoma cell, J558L. A transfected plasmacytoma, T1J2, synthesized a normal sized Thy-1 protein and displayed the antigen on the membrane. In contrast, the mycophenolic acid resistant RL male 1.4 transfectants did not display Thy-1.2 on the cell surface, despite the presence of substantial amounts of Thy-1 intracellularly. Two other antigens known to be anchored in the membrane by phospholipid, Ly-6e and Qa-2, were also examined in RL male 1.4. RL male 1.4 did not express Ly-6e after alpha interferon induction. In addition, the expression of Qa-2 antigen was greatly diminished in RL male 1.4 in comparison to RL male 1.3. Thus, the defect in RL male 1.4 is not restricted to Thy-1.2, but includes other similarly anchored glycoproteins as well. This implies that the addition of phospholipid to core proteins is similar, if not identical, for all these molecules and that the RL male 1.4 cell lacks the capacity to from the lipid glycoprotein linkage required for the expression of these proteins on the cell surface.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Response of preterm infants to diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis immunizations.

To establish guidelines for the routine use of diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (DTP) vaccine in preterm infants, we quantitated antibody responses of preterm infants to DTP and determined the nature and extent of side effects. Twenty-five preterm infants were immunized with 0.5 ml DTP vaccine at routine intervals. Term infants served as controls. Immediately before each immunization and 2 months after the third, DTP-specific antibodies were quantitated. Clinical side effects were determined by parental report. After the second immunization, 100% of preterm infants had evidence of specific antibody production against diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis. The incidence of side effects was low, but irritability was significantly more common in preterm infants after the second immunization. These observations suggest that the initiation of primary immunization with DTP in preterm infants need not be delayed beyond 2 months of age.

Diphtheria Toxoid↗
PubMed1984

The dehydrated child: a management approach.

Dehydration in the child requires urgent attention to fluid replacement. Management must focus on an understanding of the physiology of fluid loss and clinical and laboratory assessment. Fluid therapy must combine correction of fluid deficits with concurrent administration of maintenance fluids.

Adolescent↗