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Biomedical subjects

R Bataller

Publications and source records attributed to R Bataller.

47 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Endoscopic gastrointestinal findings in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection].

From January 1992 to August 1993, 150 endoscopies (114 fiber gastroscopies, 29 fiber colonoscopies and 7 CPRE) were carried out in a total of 142 anti HIV positive patients. The most frequent clinical manifestations leading to the exploration were dysphagia, epigastric pain, diarrhea and upper or lower gastrointestinal bleeding. Endoscopic alterations were observed in most of the exploration although specific diagnosis was only achieved in approximately one third of the patients with the most frequent being esophagitis by Candida and CMV (21% and 5%, respectively in the fiber gastroscopies performed). Digestive manifestations were varied in the patients in whom esophagitis by Candida was diagnosed while dysphagia and diarrhea were the symptoms commonly observed in the patients with esophagitis or colitis by CMV. The diagnostic profitability of endoscopy was high in patients presenting dysphagia, diarrhea, gastrointestinal bleeding or in those in whom endoscopy was performed for tumoral staging or to evaluate the possible existence of manifestations secondary to the presence of portal hypertension.

Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde↗
PubMed1995

[A functioning carcinoid tumor with liver involvement without the associated carcinoid syndrome].

The carcinoid tumor, the most frequent variety of the neuroendocrine or amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation (APUD) tumors, typically produces biogenic amines and polypeptide hormones and occasionally gives rise to a striking clinical presentation called carcinoid syndrome. The severity of this syndrome is directly related to the tumor bulk draining into the systemic circulation. This implies almost always hepatic metastases. We present a case in which a carcinoid tumor with extensive hepatic involvement and remarkable biologic activity did not produce any clinical features of the carcinoid syndrome. We believe that such a case enlightens the clinical and biochemical complexity of this entity.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[Pulmonary cavitation as the initial manifestation of Hodgkin's disease].

Most of the patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD), have lymph nodes in the anterior mediastinum. Nonetheless, it is exceptional for one of these adenopathies to be cavitated at diagnosis. The case of a patient with HD presenting a cavitated anterior mediastinal mass as one of the initial symptoms. The differential diagnosis of localized masses in the anterior mediastinum and cavitated images in conventional thoracic radiology is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Endoscopic sclerotherapy in upper gastrointestinal bleeding due to the Mallory-Weiss syndrome.

OBJECTIVES: Therapeutic endoscopic techniques have changed the need for emergency surgery in gastrointestinal bleeding episodes. However, there is only little information about endoscopic therapies in severe gastrointestinal bleeding due to the Mallory-Weiss syndrome. The aim of this clinical study was to assess the usefulness of early endoscopic examination and sclerotherapy for severe or recurrent bleeding due to the Mallory-Weiss syndrome. METHODS: We studied all 50 cases of gastrointestinal bleeding secondary to the Mallory-Weiss syndrome seen in 2175 consecutive emergency endoscopic examinations performed in a University Hospital over a 3-year period. Endoscopic sclerotherapy (1/10000 adrenaline + 1% polidocanol) was performed in all patients with active bleeding or visible vessel at endoscopic examination. The remaining patients were medically treated. RESULTS: Active bleeding or a visible vessel were found in 13 patients; definitive hemostasis was obtained in all cases with sclerotherapy. The remaining 37 patients were successfully treated by conservative therapy. On admission, the severity of the hemorrhagic episodes was significantly higher in patients treated with sclerotherapy than in those who did not require this procedure. An esophageal perforation, successfully managed by conservative means, was the only complication recorded in the subset of patients undergoing sclerotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: Severe bleeding due to Mallory-Weiss syndrome can be successfully treated by sclerotherapy. Early endoscopic examination is an accurate procedure in identifying patients who do not require sclerotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Isolated rectal Kaposi's sarcoma].

We report a case of isolated rectal Kaposi's Sarcoma in a homosexual man with active Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection. Although gastrointestinal tract affection is not infrequent, it is usually associated with the existence of skin lesions. A few cases of noncutaneous gastrointestinal Kaposi's Sarcoma have been described, but no one affecting only the rectum. This is a diagnostic possibility in patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection and rectal symptoms.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1989

Effect of 5-HTP and ketanserine on the aggressive reaction induced by food competition in dominant and submissive pigeons (Columba livia).

There is abundant literature about the effects of manipulation of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) systems on some killer behaviors as well as on social isolation and shock-induced aggression in rodents. In this work we have analyzed the effect of 5-HT manipulation on the aggressive behavior induced by food competition in undernourished pigeons. Adult males (n = 12) were caged individually and their body weight kept at 80-85% by a restricted diet. These were divided in pairs which were exposed daily to an aggressive interaction test (20 min) in a 1.5 x 1.5 x 2.0 m chamber bearing a central feeding device. Once consolidation of dominance was obtained in each pair, the dominant and the submissive members were injected subcutaneously, on alternating days, with 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) (7.5, 15 and 30 mg/kg), ketanserine (20 and 30 mg/kg) and a combination of ketanserine (20 mg/kg) and 5-HTP (7.5 mg/kg). Aggression was evaluated by scoring the frequency and time spent biting, wing beating, aggressive following and vocalizations, threatening and pushing the opponent in 20-min tests. The time spent running away was also scored. Intratest feeding was ascertained by weighing the subjects immediately before and after testing. The scores were compared with those obtained after saline injection on the preceding day (C-scores). 5-HTP (7.5 mg/kg) attenuated aggression without affecting feeding in dominant members, and decreased the time spent running away by submissives. Higher doses of 5-HTP decreased feeding but did not potentiate the anti-aggressive effects. The 5-HT2 antagonist, ketanserine did not affect aggression but decreased feeding at the dose of 30 mg/kg. Ketanserine injection clearly prevented the anti-aggressive effects of 5-HTP but caused a decrease of feeding. Results show that 5-HT stimulation in pigeons can preferentially block aggression in this particular experimental situation. It is suggested, in addition, that 5-HT2 receptors might be involved in such an effect.

5-Hydroxytryptophan↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hepatorenal syndrome.

The hepatorenal syndrome is a severe and common complication of patients with advanced cirrhosis and ascites. It is characterised not only by renal failure but also by marked alterations in systemic haemodynamics. Renal failure is due to a marked hypoperfusion of the kidney secondary to renal vasoconstriction. Although the pathogenesis of hepatorenal syndrome is not completely understood, it is thought to be the extreme manifestation of the underfilling of the arterial circulation secondary to an arterial vasodilation, located mainly in the splanchnic circulation. Recently, a revised definition and diagnostic criteria of hepatorenal syndrome have been proposed. The prognosis of patients with hepatorenal syndrome is very poor. Liver transplantation is the only effective treatment but it is not applicable in most cases due to short survival. New therapies developed during the last years, such as the use of systemic vasoconstrictors or transjugular intra-hepatic portosystemic shunts appear to be promising, but prospective investigations are needed to delineate their real usefulness.

Ascites↗